Chemical Regeneration of Activated Carbon from Cocoa Pod Shells | Chapter 5 | Research Highlights in Science and Technology Vol. 8

 Restore mobilized carbon by removing the methylene blue previously adsorbed on the adsorbent. With a view to preserving the environment, a worldwide concern, this study carried out utilizing carbon from burnished color pod shells. In Côte d'Ivoire, around 1.9 heap tonnes of cocoa convinced every year, and burnished color farming generates betwixt 13 and 15 million tonnes of waste, for the most part cocoa coverings. Like many agricultural wastes, cocoa coverings transformed into stimulated carbon. Before pyrolysis, the coverings were ground, sieved and full with orthophosphoric acid. The activated element obtained is in powder form. For the purposes concerning this study, before desorption, the activated carbons were originally saturated with MB. For this adsorbent conversion study, chemical desorption was secondhand. In the context of synthetic regeneration, these soggy coals brought into contact with a seasoning (NaCl) solution and before stirred. To understand the evolution of desorption, the spectrophotometer was used to measure the concentration of methylene sad resorbed.  The desorption tests showed a extraordinary elimination from the first 10 notes of meeting. The desorption kinetics encompasses two phases: a rapid action between 0 and 30 record and a slow kinetics betwixt 30 and 60 minutes. Desorption of the dye reaches a concentration prepared 0.84 mg/l at pH = 4 at temperature =80°C. For posing, the coefficient of the Langmuir II model is more or equal to O.9893. The model of Langmuir III is less than or effective O.9373. The Freundlich model coefficient is 0.9842 or less. Desorption accordingly takes place on adsorption sites that are actively homogeneous and outside interaction between the adsorbed cations of the dye. Experimental limits such as pH, hotness and concentration of seasoning (NaCl) solution influence Desorption of MB. The model of Langmuir II describes well the process of desorption of the MB.

Author(s) Details:

David Leonce Kouadio,
Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologie de l’Environnementale, Université Jean Lorougnon GUEDE, Côte d'Ivoire.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHST-V8/article/view/11541

Oxidation of 4-Methylbenzyl Alcohol by In-situ Generated Hypochlorous Acid Using NaCl AS Electro Catalytic Mediator: A Novel Biphasic Electrolysis Method Approach | Chapter 8 | Current Overview on Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 9

 The objective of the investigation is two-fold Procedure. Firstly to study the indirect electrochemical discriminating oxidation of 4-methylbenzylalcohol by biphasic electrolysis to receive optimum operation environments, and secondly to get reliable data on yields and discrimination of the corresponding limits.  Many electro-organic protocols devote effort to something the use of a three-electrode arrangement for constant potential conditions. Although these exploratory setups offer the possibility of attaining the selectivity of desired metamorphosis by specific adaptation of the electric potential, they exhibit significant difficulties over a constant current two-terminal setup.On an undivided cup-type cell, growth studies were carried out.  The various 4- methylbenzyl intoxicating parameters doing the reactions, such as current bulk, mediator, acid, and fit, have been investigated. A corresponding study was conducted for the synthetic and electrochemical methods.Under biphasic electrolysis, the chloride-containing judge produced 96% of the requested 4-methylbenzaldehyde. The existence of High Quality of the Yield is confirmed by HPLC study. Scheme 2 depicts the likely device for the chloride oxidation system. The biphasic electrolysis process has several benefits, including easy amount separation, a natural work-up, room temperature backlash conditions, and the strength to reuse the electrolyte. The reactions are completed activity under mild environments using a simple electrochemical arrangement and offer several benefits such as the absence of subordinate products, reduced production costs, high adaptation and yield.

Author(s) Details:

A. John Bosco,
Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India.

U. Jeyapaul,
Department of Chemistry, ST. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.

M. Easuraja,
Department of Chemistry, Arulanadar College (Autonomous), Karumathur, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.


Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COPS-V9/article/view/10173

Effect of Sodium Chloride Salts on Benzoic Acid Solubility and Dissociation into Water at 298 K| Chapter 4 | Progress in Chemical Science Research Vol. 1

This study looked at the influence of sodium chloride (NaCl) salt concentration on benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) solubility and dissociation in water at 298 K temperature. Titrimetrically against a 0.05 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, the solubility of benzoic acid in water and their dissociation values in six ranges of 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.30, 0.40, and 0.50 M for each individual ionic strength or concentration of sodium chloride are evaluated at this temperature. The pH of each solution is measured with a calibrated pH metre. At the application temperature, the quantity of NaCl appears to be inversely linked to the pH of benzoic acid in water. The ionic strength (I) of benzoic acid is shown versus the acid's dissociation constant (Kc) in water at a certain 298 K temperature.

Author(s) Details:

Shiv Prakash Mishra,
Faculty of Science, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya-224001, (U.P.), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PCSR-V1/article/view/6761

Monitoring the Comparative Effects of Hydropriming and Halopriming on Germination Performance of Secale montanum Guss. Under Salinity Stress | Chapter 6 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Crop priming is a technique for improving seed germination efficiency in stressful situations. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Hydropriming and Halopriming on Secale montanum germination output under NaCl-salinity stress. Sodium chloride concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 mM were used for the Halopriming treatments. This experiment was conducted at four different salinity stress levels. With increasing treatment durations and concentrations, the germination percentage in Halopriming showed a substantial decrease. Hydropriming treatment resulted in longer root and shoot length for S. mountanum. S. montanum tends to be salt tolerant to a degree. Halopriming and Hydropriming had negative effects on S. montanum germination and development, according to the findings of this report. Seeds of S. montanum are susceptible to priming techniques, according to the findings of this report.

Author (s) Details

Ghasem Ali Dianati Tilaki
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.

Seyed Morteza Araghi Shahri
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.

Mohammad Ali Alizadeh
Research Institute of forests and rangeland Tehran, Iran.

Behzad Behtari
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/602