Analysis the Long-Term Rainfall Trends in the Tropical Regions, Using Satellite-Based Rainfall Estimates: A Case Study from Sabaragamuwa Province - Sri Lanka| Chapter 4 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 1

The precipitation is a critical of or in the atmosphere factor for successful land activities anyplace in the world. An reasoning of long-term precipitation behavior and   trends donate significantly to active crop planning, water talent management and mitigation of the affect hydro-meteorological hazards. This study discloses the rainfall instability and trends in the Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka from 1990 – 2020. The uniqueness concerning this study is the use of daily raster precipitation data produce by mixing gauge precipitation with satellite estimates popular as Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation corrected accompanying Stations (CHIRPS). As the first step, the equating between gauge precipitation and CHIRPS dossier was analyzed and it demonstrated a high veracity of 81%. The Geographic Information System (GIS) was primarily working to identify spatial instability in long-term precipitation and to extract data at the commune level for rainfall trend study. Then, the Sen’s slope estimator and the Mann–Kendall (M–K) test were used to calculate and judge the trends in annual and migratory rainfall within two localities, Rathnapura and Kegalle in the Sabaragamuwa Province. The results proved a statistically meaningful (0.05) positive current in annual rainfall from 1990 to 2020 in two together the districts of Sabaragamuwa Province. The highest flow 31.85mm/year is written in Rathnapura district and rude trend in Kegalle district that is 24.54 mm/year. Furthermore, all four monsoons: the First bury-monsoon, the Second bury-monsoon, and the Southwest tornado and Northeast monsoon showed a statistically meaningful upward trend. If these flows continue in the next 10-20 age, the annual rainfall in Sabaragamuwa Province could be raised by 320 mm to 740 mm.

Author(s) Details:

E. N. C. Perera,
Department of Regional Science and Planning, Sanasa Campus, Kegalle, Sri Lanka.

S. B. D. Samarasinghe,
HEI SL CELL, Sanasa Campus, Paragammana, Sri Lanka.

A. M. C. T. Gunarathna,
HEI SL CELL, Sanasa Campus, Paragammana, Sri Lanka.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V1/article/view/8944

Research on Soil Seed Banks of a Rangeland Area White Nile State, Sudan | Chapter 13 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 At the study site, three soil depths (0 to 5, 5 to 10, and 10 to 15 cm) were selected, and the number of live and dead seeds for each were counted in the soil seed bank. The results of the investigation were as follows: In comparison to the lower soil depths (0 to 5 and 5 to 10 cm), the seed bank density was higher in the upper soil depths (0 to 5 and 5 to 10 cm) (10 to 15 cm). The seed density was discovered to be decreasing as the depth was increased. The density of live seeds ranged from 1015 to 5371 seeds/m2, while the density of dead seeds was 3215 to 6957 seeds/m2. Grass species such as Schoenefeldia gracilis, Brachiaria spp., Dactyloctenium aegyptium, and Aristida spp. were the most common, with Schoenefeldia gracilis, Brachiaria spp., Dactyloctenium aegyptium, and Dactyloctenium aegyptium, and Aristida s Panicum turgidum, Euphorbia aegyptiaca, and Cyperus rotundus were among the dominant species to which the dead seeds belonged. The percentage of dead seeds was also higher than that of live seeds, according to the report.

Author (s) Details

A. K. Elsafori
College of Forestry and Range Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 6146, Post Code 11113, Khartoum, Sudan.

A. N. Guma’a
Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum, Sudan.

M. A. El Nour
Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Sudan.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/609

Advanced Study on Variability in Length of Rainy Season for Selected Crops Production in Coastal and Upland Areas of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria | Chapter 8 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

 The antifungal activity of extracts of Oxalis barrelieri and Cymbopogon citratus against Bipolaris oryzae and Fusarium moniliforme was tested, and seed treatment with NaCl was used to improve seed germination and seedling vigour of treated rice seeds. The inhibitory effect of plant extracts against B. oryzae and F. moniliforme was based on the type of extract and concentration. The ethanolic extract of C. citratus at 10000 ppm had the strongest inhibitory effect, inhibiting F. moniliforme and B. oryzae development by 58.51 percent and 55.9 percent, respectively. Rice seeds that had been sorted in a 20 percent NaCl solution had a higher mass (quantify), a germination percentage of 13 percent higher than seeds sorted in water and 20 percent higher than seeds that were not sorted. The weight of rice seeds was found to have a moderately positive and important linear relationship (Rho (78) = 0.427 **, p0.01) with germination. Rice seed germination was stimulated similarly by ethanol extracts of O. barrelieri and C. citratus in green house trials, with 15- 22 percent from the top of paper method and 11-16 percent from the sand method. Rice seed treatments at 1% concentration had the best germination/emergence and decreased B. oryzae and F. moniliforme seed infestation by 25.25 percent and 9.83 percent, respectively. Plants are used to treat stressed seeds. When compared to untreated stressed seed, extracts showed a less pronounced (5%) decrease in germination (26 percent ). Only the associations between germination and F. moniliforme infestation (r (54) = -0.441**, p 0.01) and emergence and F. moniliforme infestation (r (54) = -0.426**, p 0.01) were moderately and statistically important. Rice seeds treated with 20 percent NaCl and/or 1 percent ethanol extracts of Oxalis barrelieri and Cymbopogon citratus showed promise as a green alternative to synthetic fungicides for controlling rice seed-borne infestation, improving seedling vigour, and increasing seed germination and emergence for successful seedling field establishment.

Author (s) Details

A. I. Isaiah
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Dr. A. M. Yamusa
Meteorological Unit, Department of Soil Science, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

A. C. Odunze
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V6/issue/view/59

Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Rainfall Distribution on Cassava Yield in Coastal and Upland Areas of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria | Chapter 4 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

The effect of rainfall variability on cassava yield in selected coastal and upland areas of Nigeria's Akwa Ibom State was investigated in this report. Climate change is described as a shift in the distribution of weather patterns (such as rainfall and temperature) over time, usually a decade. The Nigeria Meteorological Agency provided thirty years of daily rainfall data (1989–2018). Cassava yield data was gathered from the Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Agriculture in Uyo from 1989 to 2018. The average annual rainfall and cassava yield were determined using descriptive statistics. The relationship between rainfall and cassava yield was studied using time series analysis. With Eket – r2 = 0.6631, the result suggested an improvement in rainfall trends in all regions. Oron has a correlation coefficient of 0.5329, Uyo has a correlation coefficient of 0.4215, and Ikot Ekpene has a correlation coefficient of 0.4042. Cassava yield increased in Uyo and Ikot Ekpene, with r2 = 0.2436 and 0.4397, respectively, but decreased in Eket and Oron, with r2 = 0.0611 and 0.1159, respectively. The findings showed a substantial increase (positive trends) in rainfall trends across the entire state of Akwa Ibom. Due to the continuous rise in rainfall as a result of climate change, this indicates that a high yield of cassava may be achieved only in the upland areas of Akwa Ibom State.

Author (s) Details

A. I. Isaiah
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Dr. A. M. Yamusa
Meteorological Unit, Department of Soil Science, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.


Professor A. C. Odunze
Meteorological Unit, Department of Soil Science, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V6/issue/view/59