Spectroscopic Methods for Analysing Herbal Medicine and their Roles in Healthcare |Chapter 1 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 10

 

Background: Spectroscopic methods are very fundamental, convenient, cost-effective and available equipment settings in both industry and laboratory to analyse a range of products, including food, medicines, cosmetics and herbal products. Herbal drugs, that is, plant-derived products, have been used in the healthcare system from ancient times. There are different types of spectroscopic methods, among which ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, Mass spectroscopy, Fluorescence spectroscopy and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are widely used for analysing herbal drugs.

 

Materials and Methods: PubMed, Research Gate, Google Scholar and other search engines, including Artificial intelligence tools, have been searched to find suitable literature to find relevant research works. The keywords “Spectroscopy”, “Herbal medicines”, “UV-VIS spectroscopy”, “Analysis”, “Infra-Red spectroscopy”, “Raman spectroscopy”, “Atomic absorption spectroscopy”, “Mass spectroscopy”, “Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy”, “Analysis of herbs and phytoconstituents” etc. have been applied to find expected research articles and collect information on various aspects of spectroscopic methods for analysing herbal medicine and their roles in healthcare.

 

Results: After a thorough study of a lot of published articles, standard textbooks and related literature, we found some spectroscopic methods which are suitable for the analysis of herbal drugs. Some of these methods are - ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared and Fourier Transform Infra-red spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. Several tandem systems integrate spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. Prominent examples include gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). These methods are highly suitable, specific, sensitive, and readily amenable to validation.

 

Conclusion: Spectroscopic methods provide a reliable and cost-effective approach for evaluating phytochemical potency and ensuring the quality of herbal preparations, making them essential tools in routine laboratory analysis.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Sabiha Ferdowsy Koly
Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Tejgaon-1215, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

 

Md. Shah Amran
Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Bashudhara, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v10/6660

Unveiling the Bioactive Potential of Ipomoea biloba: An Integrated Approach to Phytochemistry and Bioactivity | Chapter 2 | Chemical and Materials Sciences: Research Findings Vol. 6

 

Ipomoea biloba (Convolvulaceae) is a water-loving creeping plant and is esteemed in traditional medicine for its different types of therapeutic applications in various diseases like asthma, rheumatism, and burns. Despite it has been used historical use, a comprehensive scientific validation of its bioactivity is essential. This chapter explores the detailed systematic investigation of the phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activity of the potential of a methanol extract of Ipomoea biloba leaves (MEIB). The Methanol was used as an extraction solvent to accomplish a wide different ranging recovery of phytoconstituents because of its well-balanced polarity. The preliminary phytochemical profiling of MEIB confirmed the presence of a variety of secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, carbohydrates, and amino acids. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of MEIB was assessed using standard assays, revealing significant, dose-dependent free radical scavenging activity comparable to ascorbic acid, thereby underscoring its potential to ameliorate oxidative stress. Furthermore, the cytotoxic efficacy of MEIB was assessed against the human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line. The extract demonstrated a potent and dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation, suggesting notable anticancer properties. This cytotoxic activity may be mechanistically linked to the presence of phytoestrogenic compounds, like estradiol precursors, known to interact with estrogen receptors in the cytoplasm of target cells. The collective study findings from this robust position Ipomoea biloba as a promising reservoir of bioactive compounds. The findings not only validate its ethnomedicinal uses but also highlight its significant potential as a source for the development of natural antioxidant and anticancer agents. Further research is needed to isolate, characterise, and confirm the specific molecules responsible for these observed biological activities.

 

Author(s) Details

 

Geetha Rani Kumar
Department of Biochemistry, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science (A), Rasipuram, Namakkal, India.

 

Shobana Devi Paulraj
Department of Biochemistry, Shrimati Indira Gandhi College, Thiruchirapalli, India.

 

Vallipriya Rajendran
Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Pavendar Bharathidasan College of Arts and Science (PBCAS), (Bharathidasan University) Thiruchirapalli, India.

 

Kiruthika Natarajan
School of Allied Health Science, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Deemed to be University, Salem, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsrf/v6/6704

Phytosome as Nanomedicine: Revolutionizing Herbal Drug DeliveryPhytosome as Nanomedicine: Revolutionizing Herbal Drug Delivery | Chapter 5 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 7 | Chapter 5 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 7

Through the ages, people have employed phytoconstituents extracted from medicinal plants to address a diverse array of ailments, including diabetes, malignancies, and inflammatory illnesses. Although phytochemicals have medicinal promise, their bioavailability and effectiveness are often limited due to their hydrophilic nature and large molecular size. The book's current chapter delves into the novel medication delivery system known as phytosomes, which improves the absorption and utilization of polar phytoconstituents that do not dissolve in lipids. The body can absorb phytosomes more effectively; they require less medicine, and they continuously release active substances, making them a promising alternative to traditional herbal preparations. Clinical trials on formulations based on phytosomes that contain quercetin and silybin have shown that they are very good at fighting cancer and cholesterol. The results indicate that phytosomes serve as a connection between traditional herbal medicine and contemporary pharmacology, providing improved pharmacological characteristics and therapeutic effects in different organ systems. Additional research on the clinical use of phytosomes is required because of their rapid rise to prominence as an option for the advancement of nutraceuticals and therapeutic medicines.

 

 

Author (s) Details

Shibangi Mukhopadhyay
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Meenakshi Jaiswal
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

S.K. Lanjhiyana
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

 Nidhi Agrawal
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Rashmi Dewangan
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Rajkumar Sironiya
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v7/2556

 

Investigating the Potential of Clitoria ternatea Linn. for Neuropharmacology: A Review | Chapter 10 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 5

Clitoria ternatea Linn (CT), a traditional Ayurvedic herb, has a longstanding history in traditional medicine. Modern studies now validate its efficacy in treating various neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and even stress-related disorders. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the irreversible loss of cognitive function, memory, and language impairment, and behavioral disturbances, which gradually become more severe. Medicinal plants are the backbone of modern medicines, and there is growing interest in discovering nootropic plants to combat cognitive dysfunction due to their less harmful effects. CT, is also known as ‘Aparjita/Butterfly pea’, has been used for centuries as a memory enhancer, antistress, anxiolytic, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, and antiulcer agent. These properties of CT raise the possibility of using it as a cholinesterase inhibitor in treating neurological disease symptoms. The preliminary phytochemical screening showed that the plant contained tannins, phlobatannin, carbohydrates, saponins, triterpenoids, phenols, flavanoids, flavonol glycosides, proteins, alkaloids, antharaquinone, anthocyanins, cardiac glycosides, Stigmast-4-ene-3, 6-dione, volatile oils and steroids. This review focused not only on available information about the neuropharmacological use of this plant but also its bioactive compounds, metabolites, and associated effects. It reviewed the existing knowledge to reveal the promising linkage of traditional medicine CT to halt Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. This study opens new doors for researchers with a wide range of neuropharmacological activities that could be utilized in developing suitable formulations, especially for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

 

 

Author (s) Details

 

Anjali M. Wanegaonka
Lokmanya Tilak Institute of Pharmacy, Plot No. 3, Sector 14, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.

 

Dhanashree Tembare
Lokmanya Tilak Institute of Pharmacy, Plot No. 3, Sector 14, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.

 

Neeta Jena
Lokmanya Tilak Institute of Pharmacy, Plot No. 3, Sector 14, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.

 

Mudranka Patil
Lokmanya Tilak Institute of Pharmacy, Plot No. 3, Sector 14, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.

 

Tushar Tagwale
Lokmanya Tilak Institute of Pharmacy, Plot No. 3, Sector 14, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.

 

Shrutika Patil
Lokmanya Tilak Institute of Pharmacy, Plot No. 3, Sector 14, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v5/5074

GC-MS in Quantification and Characterization of Phytoconstituents of Herbal Extracts: A Review | Chapter 8 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 8

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) is an advanced hyphenated analytical technique used for separation, identification and quantification of mixture of compounds. GC-MS has a vital role in phytochemical fingerprinting of extracts and volatile oils. GC-MS is applicable for the analysis of low molecular weight, thermally stable volatile compounds. It is often used in drug detection, and is widely used in food industry to detect pesticides, contaminants, in pharmaceutical industry to detect impurities and residual solvent analysis, in testing environmental volatile pollutants, flavor and fragrances testing. Liquid, gaseous or solid samples can be detected by GC-MS method. The liquid or solid sample is first introduced into the column and the sample gets converted to gas. In gas chromatograph, the vaporized sample is introduced into gaseous phase and the components are separated using a capillary column coated with a stationary (liquid or solid) phase. Inert carrier gases such as helium, hydrogen or nitrogen are used as mobile phase in GC-MS. As the compound mixtures are separated, each component is eluted from the column at a various retention time based on its boiling point and polarity. The elution time is referred to as a compound’s retention time. Sample extracts containing hundreds of compounds or complex mixtures can be analyzed without isolating by GC-MS. MS detector gives better resolution in qualitative and quantitative analysis of samples. In this chapter, various GC-MS methods reported in characterization and quantification of phytochemicals of volatile oils and plant extracts were critically analyzed and discussed along with different ionization methods involved in GC-MS estimations.

 

Author (s) Details

Chandrasekar R
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

 

Sivagami B
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

 

Niharika K
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

 

Lavanya G
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

 

Hepsiba B
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

 

Kiran Kumari A
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

 

Chandana M
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v8/2870

Traditional Herbal Medicines | Chapter 8 | Natural Products Chemistry: From Discovery to Applications, Edition 1

 Herbal remedies represent established medical systems that have been utilized for centuries by various civilizations to treat ailments. The preparation of these medicines involves various parts of plants, including roots, leaves, flowers, and seeds. Various processes are employed to prepare them, including decoction, infusion, and extraction. The health benefits associated with herbal medications arise from secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. The historical prevalence, safety, and notable therapeutic outcomes of traditional herbal medicines are indeed remarkable. This abstract discusses the scientifically validated traditional medicines, advanced technological methodologies in medicine, and the validation of the medicinal properties of herbs. Additional research on these remedies is advantageous for the application of integrative medicine and serves as a foundation for the development of new pharmaceuticals.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Sarika Arora
Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad-244102, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Neha Bhatt
Department of Chemistry, Pt. L.M.S., Rishikesh Campus, SDS University, Tehri Garhwal- 249145, Uttarakhand, India.

 

Priyanka Pokhriyal
Department of Chemistry, Kanya Gurukul Campus, Gurukul Kangri Vishwaidyalaya, Haridwar- 249404, Uttarakhand, India.

 

 Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48388-70-4/CH8  

Research Pertaining to the Phytochemical Analysis of Extracts Derived from the Leaves of Coleus rotundifolius L. | Chapter 5 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 In the current phase of research, an intricate chemical analysis was undertaken on Coleus rotundifolius L., a valuable medicinal plant within the Lamiaceae family. This investigation encompassed an exhaustive examination of phytochemical constituents, utilizing distinct solvent extracts such as water, methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and acetone, derived from the plant's leaves. The obtained results illuminated a rich amalgamation of biochemical elements across all solvent extracts, notably including carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and lipids. However, a notable accentuation was observed in the methanolic leaf extract, which displayed an enhanced presence of phenols, effectively outshining the other constituents.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Pratima Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Jay Singh Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12452

Investigations Pertaining to the Field of Pharmacognosy Concerning Coleus rotundifolius L. | Chapter 4 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 Coleus rotundifolius L., a member of the Lamiaceae family, is recognized by its vernacular name "Patharchur" in Hindi. It presents as a sizable succulent perennial herb, characterized by its aromatic qualities. The plant's leaves have historically found application in diverse medicinal contexts such as malarial fever, hepatopathy, renal and vesicle calculi, cough, chronic asthma, bronchitis, hiccough, anthelmintic purposes, colic pain, and convulsions. The present paper undertakes a comprehensive investigation of the pharmacognostic attributes pertaining to the leaves, stems, and roots of C. rotundifolius, encompassing an array of distinct parameters.

Author(s) Details:

Pratima Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Jay Singh Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12451

Chromatographic Finger Printing Analysis in Identification of Phytomarkers by HPTLC Technique | Chapter 9 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 2

 Chromatographic fingerprinting methods are becoming more popular and significant in the uniformity of natural fruit. They are employed for two together quantifying marker compounds and authenticating the presence of differing herbs in poly herbal arrangements. Although HPLC and GC are also frequently working for chromatographic fingerprinting of single spice and poly herbal arrangements, HPTLC has been the pioneer in this field. Chromatographic fingerprinting is used to decide the single herbs labeling and qualities before they are contained to herbal formulations. Each herb fated in near future incorporated to the expression must first undergo fingerprinting. This maybe used to identify both the spice and evaluate the main alive components which maybe found in the spice. The final poly herbaceous formulation is developed when all the herbs have happened appropriately treated and their identity and innocence have been confirmed. At this point, a chromatographic means can yield distinctive peaks each of the herbs utilized in herbal expression is used to develop a chromatographic mark of the poly herbal expression. These fingerprints assist in confirming the presence of all the herbs in multi herbaceous preparations. The lack of individual of the distinguishing visage in the chromatographic fingerprint indicates the lack of even a single spice during the production process. In fact, the specific herbs that are present in the formulation can even be distinguished with the aid of a shapely chromatographic fingerprint. This chapter gives an awareness into finger print analysis for labeling of phytomarkers and sophisticated chromatographic means like HPTLC advantages and applications. This phase also gives significance to modern and established method of several origin methods complicated in extraction of phytoconstituents.

Author(s) Details:

Chandrasekar R.,
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Venkatramapuram, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

Sivagami B.,
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Venkatramapuram, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

Harshitha S.,
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Venkatramapuram, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

Anusha G.,
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Venkatramapuram, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

Rajesh Naik D.,
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Venkatramapuram, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

Sahul K.,
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Venkatramapuram, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

Venu B.,
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Venkatramapuram, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V2/article/view/12385

Euphorbia helioscopia: Past, Present and Future Prospects | Chapter 6 | Advances and Challenges in Science and Technology Vol. 5

 The Euphorbia is the best genus in the plant offspring Euphorbiaceae, comprising about 300 genera and 2,000 famous species. All class of Euphorbia are characterized by cyathium flower and the production of a white tinted covering that is rich in subordinate metabolites especially terpenoids being the reason for diverse biological projects. Sun spurge (Euphorbia helioscopia L., Euphorbiacae family) is an annual plant, owned by most of northern Africa, Europe, and concerning the direction to the east through most of Asia. It emerges from November to December and invades winter crops and produce, such as grain, lentils, chickpeas, potatoes, and blob. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female tools) and are pollinated by flies. Seedlings of E. helioscopia exhibit epigeal pregnancy. A literature review about this plant granted various types of biological exercises such as antitumor, antiviral, completely clean, nematicidal, antifungal, molluscicidal effects, etc. The attendance of secondary metabolites revealed that the intentional plant Euphorbia helioscopia can be secondhand in the future for verdict various biological potential.

Author(s) Details:

Maneesha Singh,
Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, (248001), India.

Anju Rani,
Keral Verma Faculty of Science, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut (UP), India.

Dhananjay Kumar Gupta,
Department of Botany, DAV (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACST-V5/article/view/12245

Basics of Extraction and Isolation of Phytoconstituents | Chapter 3 | Advanced Research in Biological Science Vol. 3

 The aim of the phase is to shed light on the fundamentals of extraction and isolation of phytoconstituents from curative plants. Approximately 20% of plants have been intentional for medicinal research, producing hopeful results for cancer and other mortal diseases. These medical belongings need well developed extraction and seclusion of plant bioactive component. Infusion, decoction, liquid, doughy, tincture, and powdered extracts are secondhand. To eliminate inert parts and obtain therapeutic belongings, a solvent (menstruum) is needed. Extraction adeptness depends on solvent optimization. Non-warm pulsed energetic field (PEF) extraction is best for thermolabile chemicals.  For hydrogen extraction, enzyme helped extraction (EAE) is recommended. Steam and hydrodistillation are used to extract explosive oils. To get the active component, the extract must be private and purified. Analytical allure requires many ways to distinguish isolated materials. This regimen uses classical and instrumental approaches.  Thus, contingent upon the contents, multiple origin and isolation processes may be improved, and the remove can be recognized utilizing various characterization plans. Therefore, based on the type of constituents expected obtained various designs of extraction and seclusion can be optimized and the got isolate can be labeled via various description technique.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Asif,
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lachoo Memorial College of Science and Technology, Shastri Nagar, Sector-A, Jodhpur 342001, Rajasthan, India.

Mohamad Taleuzzman,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Maulana Azad University, Bujhawad, Luni, Jodhpur 342802, Rajasthan, India.

Kaneez Fatima,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Maulana Azad University, Bujhawad, Luni, Jodhpur 342802, Rajasthan, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ARBS-V3/article/view/11602

Lindenbergia indica Vatke: Past, Present Status and Future Perspectives | Chapter 6 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 7

 Lindenbergia indica Vatke belongs to offspring Scrophulariaceae, is a non-parasitic edible part of plant from the Himalayas and other parts of the planet. It is an erect, tufted, dangerous annual herb, accompanying glandular hairy, much separate, purple colored stem. Flowers are axillary, substitute sessile, small, and yellow, opposite, single or held in clusters in terminal pierces or racemes. It holds two steryl glycosides, triterpenoids, oleanolic acid, long-chain hydrocarbons and β-sitosterol. The plant grows well at an average hotness range of 15-35O C, accompanying a rainfall of 900-2500mm at an peak in a range of 750-2500m. It requires vehement to humid atmosphere along with entire sunlight or prejudiced shade for its better development. It can withstand weighty wind. Ethnobotanical studies revealed that plant is direct to treat chronic bronchitis, angry throat, toothache and skin eruptions. Thus, from now on the plant extract could be used to control various bacterial contaminations like urinary tract contamination, meningitis, food poisoning and the vicinity of glycosides, phenols and triperpenoids makes this plant as a beginning of antidiabetic and antioxidant potential.

Author(s) Details:

Maneesha Singh,
Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Patel Nagar, Dehradun (248001), Uttarakhand, India.

Shivani Walia,
Department of Microbiology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Patel Nagar, Dehradun (248001), Uttarakhand, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V7/article/view/10335

Elemental Analysis of Leaves and Stem Barks Powder of Woodfordia fruticosa| Chapter 10 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 6

 This chapter looks into the vital and minute components of Woodfordia fruticosa's leaves and stem barks. When it comes to treating and preventing illnesses, nutritional and catalytic abnormalities, the phytoconstituents of herbal medicinal plants and the quantity of trace elements have a significant impact on the body. The poisonous effects of metals harm both the human body and all other living things, even at low concentrations. Identification of the constituents and their concentrations in herbal and culinary preparations requires this step. The current study provides details on the accessibility of several essential minerals and phytoconstituents that can be used to offer dietary components and may also help in the development of new medicine formulations.

Author(s) Details:

Neeli Rose Beck,
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, C.G. India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V6/article/view/8098

An Overview on Pharmacological Effects of Few Phytopolyphenols from Dietary and Herbal Origins| Chapter 9 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol.3

The purpose of this chapter is to emphasise phenolic compounds' immunomodulation, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral effects. In compared to synthetic or chemical medications used today, these phytopolyphenols induce fewer adverse effects and toxicity in human beings, according to several research investigations. These polyphenols were employed as dietary food, plant extracts, or active phytoconstituents compounds. Because of the health advantages, today's world populations are directly or indirectly reliant on polyphenols in the form of dietary or herbal treatments. For the sake of conceivable biological activities in human bodies, the present chapter covered a few types of polyphenols, such as flavonoids, lignans, phenolic acids and their analogues, tannins, quinines, and so on.

Author(s) Details:

Bharti Ahirwar,
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, India.

Dheeraj K. Ahirwar,
School of Pharmacy, Chouksey Engineering College, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495001, India.

S. K. Lanjhiyana,
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, India.

Sanmati K. Jain,
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPRV-3/article/view/6949

Study on Phytoestrogen and Gut Micro-Biome Composition of Women with PCOS | Chapter 9 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 12

 PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is a prevalent endocrine condition that affects up to 15% of women in their reproductive years. Clinical symptoms of affected women include ovulatory failure, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and obesity. Although the aetiology of PCOS is still unknown, various research investigations have shown that genetic and lifestyle variables have a role in its development. However, the specific pathophysiology of the disease must be established. The gut microbiota has a significant impact on human health. Women with PCOS have been found to have a dysbiotic gut microbiome and changed gut microbiome makeup. Phytoestrogen, for example, is a plant-derived nutritional bioactive molecule that has a structure and function similar to oestrogen hormone. It helps to relieve the symptoms of PCOS without having any negative side effects, such as improving ovulation and lowering blood glucose levels. It also improves the composition of the gut microbiome by enhancing alpha and beta diversity. The major goal of this chapter is to look into the numerous studies that have been done on the relationship between phytoestrogens, PCOS, and gut microbiome makeup.

Author(S) Details

K. Gayathri
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Allied Health Science, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai-116, India.

V. Supriya
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Allied Health Science, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai-116, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V12/article/view/4675

Phytochemical Investigation of Crotalaria Species-Isolation of a New Dihydro Chalcone from Crotalaria ramosissima | Chapter 15 | Current Aspects in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol. 2

 Natural items used to be mankind's only source of medication. Plants use a variety of biosynthetic processes to create unexpected new structures that are physiologically active. Phytochemical examination of medicinal plants indicated the existence of a wide spectrum of pharmacologically active chemical elements such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, and triterpenoids. The genus Crotalaria, which belongs to the fabaceae family, contains 500 species that are found in tropical and subtropical locations and can be utilised as medical folklore remedies to treat a variety of ailments. From this genus, several flavones, chalcones, and Chromeno chalcones have been isolated. Crotalaria ramisissima was re-investigated, and a novel dimethyl, dihydro chalcone, Crotaramin, was isolated, and its structure was identified using 2D spectrum techniques.

Author (S) Details

V. Namratha
Department of Chemistry, Aurora Degree and PG College, Hyderabad – 500 029 (A. P.) India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPRD-V2/article/view/3989