Enhancing Wheat Growth and Yield through Nano-Fertilizer Applications: A Study on “Triticum aestivum var. Shriram Super 252" | Chapter 5 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 10

The present study explores about enhancing Wheat Growth and Yield through Nano-Fertilizer Applications. Nano plant growth regulators (PGRs) are a multifaceted field and have vast applications in all spheres of life but in agriculture the application and utility are limited. Nano fertilizers facilitate the slow and constant release of nutrients and, therefore, decrease the loss of nutrients and improve the efficiency of the use of nutrients. It releases multiple types of nutrients simultaneously and is effective for the growth and yield of Wheat. These nanoparticles have high reactivity, better catalytic surface, rapid chemical reaction, rapidly dispersible and adsorb abundant water. The present research was conducted on Wheat (Shriram super 252) at the agricultural experimental farm of Calcutta University, Baruipur, 24 Parganas (south), West Bengal, to study the effect of various nano PGRs on the growth and productivity of wheat. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Ten Treatments (T) with various doses of nano PGRs were given along with nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), and potassium(K). The treatments of the experiment are T1= control; T2 = NPK @ 100:50:50 and foliar spray of green Nano PGR @ 0.5ml L-1; T3 = NPK @ 75:30:30 and foliar spray of Yellow Nano PGR @ 0.5ml L-1; T4 = NPK @ 75:30:30 and foliar spray of Red Nano PGR @0.5ml L-1; T5 = NPK @ 75:30:30 and foliar spray of Green Nano PGR @ 1 ml L-1; T6 = NPK @ 75:30:30 foliar spray of Yellow Nano PGR @ 1 ml L-1; T7 = NPK @ 75:30:30 and foliar spray of red Nano PGR @ 1 ml L-1; T8 = NPK @ 75:30:30 and foliar spray of Green Nano PGR @ 1.5 ml L-1; T9 = NPK @ 75:30:30 and foliar spray of Yellow Nano PGR @ 1.5 ml L-1; T10 = NPK @ 75:30:30 and foliar spray of Red Nano PGR @ 1.5 ml L-1. Various treatments showed a positive impact on Wheat cultivation in comparison to control. In spite of the positive role of enhancing plant growth and yield by the nanoparticles, studies have emphasized the harmful nanoparticles' impacts on plants. All the yield attributing characters showed that the usage of different doses of green nano PGR through foliar application has positive effects compared to yellow and red nano PGR and the lowest was from control. Therefore, with the help of nano PGRs, it is reported that it maximizes crop yield, reduces crop failure, decreases agricultural waste, and improves environmental stress responses. It will also help farmers in using PGRs in precision agriculture making farming more sustainable and mitigating the effect of climate change on crops.

 

Author(s) Details

 Tashi Choki Bhutia
Department of Horticulture, Govt. of Sikkim, India.

 

Tabitha Donbiaksiam
Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, FGI, CAS, Hengbung, India.

 

Nongmaithem Jyotsna
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Senapati, India.

 

M. M. Shulee Ariina
College of Agricultural Science, FGI, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v10/1647

A Review of Key Considerations for Rice (Oryza sativa) Fortification with Essential Micronutrients in Public Health Intervention | Chapter 3 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 3

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most popular staple food grain and an important source of fibre, energy, minerals, vitamins, and other biomolecules. Fortification of staple foods and commonly used condiments with vitamins and minerals has been considered one of the most cost-effective interventions to prevent and control micronutrient deficiencies. Because of its wide local consumption, acceptability, reach, and quantum of consumption, rice (Oryza sativa) far exceeds the requirements of a staple food vehicle that can be considered for fortification purposes at a population-level intervention. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has the mandate to develop evidence-informed guidelines for the fortification of staple foods as a public health intervention, including rice fortification with micronutrients. The WHO, in collaboration with the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), convened a consultation on “Technical Considerations for Rice Fortification in Public Health” in Geneva, Switzerland, in 2012 to provide technical inputs to the guideline development process, particularly concerning feasibility and implementability. The objective of this study is to review the industrial and regulatory technical considerations in rice fortification, as well as the considerations for implementing it as a public health strategy and assuring equitable access and universal coverage. Key challenges, including micronutrient stability, regional cooking preferences, economic feasibility, and policy integration, are discussed, along with research priorities to support effective scale-up. Overall, rice fortification is a promising strategy for countries in which rice is a food staple. Decisions regarding which nutrients to add and in which amounts must be guided by the nutritional needs of the population, the rice consumption profile of the target groups, existing nutrition programs and their coverage (supplementation, fortification, and others), and available delivery platforms.

 

Author(s) Details

ASM Giasuddin
Medical Research Unit (MRU), MHWT, Plot-4 Road-9 Sector-1, Uttara Model Town Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Impulse Hospital Ltd, 304/E Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh.

Khadija Akther Jhuma
Department of Biochemistry, Medical College for Women & Hospital, Member Secretary, Medical Research Unit (MRU), MHWT, Plot-4 Road-9 Sector-1, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh.

 

Md Sabir Hossain

Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

 

AM Mujibul Haq
Department of Medicine, Medical College for Women & Hospital, Founder Principal & Chairman Projects, MHWT, Chairman, Medical Research Unit (MRU), MHWT, Plot-4 Road-9 Sector-1, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v3/5599

Fish Nutrigenomics and Molecular Strategies for Sustainable Aquaculture | Book Publisher International

 The emerging field of fish nutrigenomics bridges nutritional science and molecular biology to explore how dietary inputs influence gene expression, metabolic regulation, and phenotypic outcomes in aquaculture species. This book highlights the molecular underpinnings of fish nutrition, highlighting the application of omics technologies—such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics—for evaluating feed efficiency, growth performance, immune response, and environmental resilience in aquatic organisms.

 

It also examines how environmental stressors interact with feed composition to modulate gene expression, with particular attention to tissue-specific responses in organs like the liver, intestine, gill, and muscle. The book further discusses epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs, which mediate long-term and potentially transgenerational effects of nutritional programming.

 

Additionally, it addresses the complexities and opportunities of integrating multi-omics data through systems biology approaches to enable feed optimisation and biomarker discovery.

 

Special emphasis is placed on the relevance of these insights to tropical aquaculture systems, involving species such as Nile tilapia, African catfish, and Pacific white shrimp. By aligning molecular discoveries with practical feed formulation and selective breeding, this book addresses key knowledge gaps and supports the transition to sustainable, precision-based aquaculture.

 

It serves not only as an academic reference and technical resource for researchers, educators, and industry stakeholders aiming to apply nutrigenomic approaches to enhance aquaculture productivity, environmental stewardship, and global food security.

 

Author (s) Details

Muhamad Firdaus
Department of Fishery Product Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia.

 

Muhammad Dailami
Department of Fishery Product Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia.

 

Desy Setyoningrum

Department of Fishery Product Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia.

 

Muhammad Arif Rahman
Department of Fishery Product Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-49970-87-8

Effects of Lime Application Rates and Incubation Periods on Selected Chemical and Biological Soil Properties in Acidic Soils of Tsegede Highlands, Northern Ethiopia | Chapter 6 | Soil Acidity Characterization and Effects of Liming and Chemical Fertilization on Microbial Growth, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): The Case of Acidic Soils in Tsegede District, Northern Ethiopia, Edition 1

An incubation experiment was carried out on two acidic soils collected from Tsegede highlands, northern Ethiopia, to evaluate the effects of applied lime levels on soil acidity (pH, exchangeable acidity, and Al) available P, micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu) and microbial growth (fungi and bacteria). The treatments used were four rates of lime (0, 1, 2, and 3 times the recommended rate) and three incubation periods (30, 60, and 90 days) laid down in a completely randomized design replicated 4 times. The amount of lime recommended for the experimental soils 1 and 2 were 6 and 8 t ha^-1, respectively. The analytical results showed that, on average, acidic soils supplied with the 7, 14, and 21 t ha^-1 lime showed significant (P

 0.05) increments by 0.42, 1.00, and 1.59 units in soil pH over the control, respectively. However, soil pH was observed to decline appreciably with increasing the incubation periods. Following the 90 days incubation period, soil available P increased by 80, 130 and 170%; extractable Fe decreased by 26, 31 and 34% and Mn by 55, 71 and 77% compared to the control, with the application of the 7, 14 and 21 t ha^-1 lime, respectively. Likewise, bacterial growth significantly augmented by 42, 53, and 63%, in that order, whereas fungal growth did not show any significant difference. Furthermore, soil pH showed a significant and positive correlation with available P (r = 0.860**), Cu (r = 0.661**), and growth of bacteria (r = 0.788**) while a negative correlation with extractable Fe (r = -0.706**), Mn (r = -0.816**) and growth of fungi (r = 0.537**). Thus, it is suggested that the soil pH of the Tsegede highlands should be maintained at about 6, so as not to affect the availability of phosphorus, micronutrients and the growth of essential microorganisms.

 

Author (s) Details

Abreha Kidanemariam Hadera
Haramaya University, Ethiopia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48006-81-3/CH6

 

Comprehensive Assessment of Soil Chemical and Physical Properties across India | Chapter7 | Chemical and Materials Sciences: Research Findings Vol. 1

Agriculture is considered as the backbone of Indian Society. A nutritious diet is essential for leading a quality lifestyle and it is derived from agricultural fields. We should prioritize and preserve the quality of our soil. This chapter will promote knowledge on the research of various aspects of soil and their attributes. This study was conducted to inform people that each crop, depending on its requirements, can easily be directed towards a soil that suits its physico-chemical needs. This study examines the chemical and physical properties of soils across various regions of India, focusing on their agricultural production and environmental sustainability. The study was carried out in the year 2023-2024. Chemical testing revealed notable variations in soil pH and nutrient content. Phosphorus ran from 15 to 47 ppm; potassium from 180 to 270 ppm; nitrogen from 12 to 22 ppm; and pH from 5.4 to 6.8. Revealing the intricate interactions among several components improves correlation analysis and offers important information for the development of concentrated soil management strategies. The soil structure determines water retention capacity and nutrient availability regardless of loam, sand, or clayey. Studies of heavy metals revealed varying degrees of mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and lead all around India. Since it shows the changes in easily available water over time, the moisture content of the soil is vital for irrigation planning and agriculture. Emphasising the need for soil porosity (28.45% to 40.17%) and permeability (7.83 to 11.23 cm/hr) for water movement and root penetration is absolutely vital. These findings support informed decision-making in soil management, promoting sustainable agricultural practices tailored to regional soil characteristics. In conclusion, the comprehensive assessment of soil properties across diverse regions of India provides crucial insights for sustainable land management and agricultural practices. Future research should focus on long-term monitoring of soil health indicators and the impact of climate change on soil properties.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Renshu
Department of Physics, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak, Haryana-124021, India.

 

Meenakshi
Department of Physics, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak, Haryana-124021, India.

 

Sonia
Department of Physics, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak, Haryana-124021, India.

 

Poonam Juneja
Department of Physics, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi-110021, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsrf/v1/4501

Zinc Sulphate Foliar Spray: Effects on Radish Seed Quality at Various Growth Stages | Chapter 5 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 5

Zinc plays numerous minor roles in plant growth, and a consistent and continuous supply is essential for optimal growth and output. Radish is a Cruciferae family root crop that is grown in both tropical and temperate regions of the world. It is native to Europe and Asia. Radish seed output per unit area is low, however, it could be increased with better management practices such as foliar micronutrient supplementation. A laboratory experiment was conducted to analyze the influence of foliar spray and stages of zinc application on seed quality parameters of harvested radish seeds cv. Japanese White in the laboratory of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). There were 4 zinc levels 1g/l, 2g/l,3g/l,4g/l, and at 3 different stages i.e. stage 1: bolting, stage 2: bolting +4 days after the first application, stage 3: bolting +1 day after first application +8 days after first application resulted in 12 treatment combinations as 0g/l zinc at the bolting stage, 0g/l bolting +14 days after first application, 0g/l at bolting +14 days +28 days after first application 1g/l zinc (ZnSO4) at the bolting stage, 1g/l bolting +14 days after the first application, 1g/l at bolting +14days +28 days after the first application, 2g/l at bolting, 2g/l at bolting +14 days after the first application,2g/l at bolting +14days after first application+ 28 days after the first application,3g/l zinc at the bolting stage, 3g/l bolting +14 days after the first application, 3g/l at bolting +14days +28 days after the first application. The results were statistically analyzed by using a completely randomized block design following window-based computer application OPSTAT and post hoc test Dunken Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The experiment was laid out in CRD (completely randomized design) as well as RCBD( Randomized complete block design)design Among treatment combinations Zn2S1(2gl-1atthetime of bolting) was found superior in every aspect of quality attributes i.e. 1000 seed weight (14.36g), germination of harvested seeds (85.75%), seedling length (24.20cm), seedling dry weight (11.31mg), seedling vigour index-I (2,075.08), seedling vigour index- II (966.77), electrical conductivity (0.017 dSm-1), accelerated ageing test (78.25%) and cold test (81.00%). It is concluded that zinc levels, stages of foliar spray, and their combinations had a significant influence on the seed weight.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Shivani Sharma
Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230 (HP), India and Faculty of Agriculture, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala (Haryana), India.

 

Deepak Sharma

School of Agricultural Sciences, Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technology, Baddi, H.P, India.

 

Shailja Thakur

Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230 (HP), India.

 

Neha

Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230 (HP), India.

 

Sahil Lohia

Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230 (HP), India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v5/3086 

Farming Systems to Enhance Micronutrient Absorption in Crops | Chapter 3 | Research Highlights in Science and Technology Vol. 2

 Micronutrients are essential for the human physique. The low content of micronutrients in food can result in hunger. Therefore, the result of crops containing micronutrients is main. This study aims to discuss essential micronutrients and increase the chance of micronutrients to edible parts, containing grains and leaves. Essential micronutrients for persons are Zn (zinc) and Fe (iron) cause iron deficiency can influence anemia, disability before birth, and decreased invulnerable function. Zinc is essential for plant growth and growth, and a low aggregation of metallic mineral can result in leaf fatality. Foliar application and plethora of microbial in soil are suggested to increase the chance of micronutrients to the crops and tasty parts of crops. The foliar application raises the minor element content in edible parts by way of its approachability to transport the micronutrients from leaves to grains or other plant fabric. Foliar request can help crops to recover from leaf loss. Microbes in the soils, such as Acinetobacter and Rhizobium leguminosarum, can increase iron chance, so crops do not show the syndromes of iron inadequacy. Other approaches, such as fertilizer and slow-release fertiliser, can be submitted to increase micronutrient chance in crops.

Author(s) Details:

Edi Wiraguna,
Technology and Management of Plantation Production, College of Vocational Studies, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Production Technology and Development of Agricultural Communities, College of Vocational Studies, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia and Center for Agrarian Studies, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHST-V2/article/view/10608

Influence of Sowing Time on the Quality and Micronutrient Contents of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L): A Recent Study | Chapter 7 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 Background Wheat is a chief crop that feeds millions of people, but its productivity is significantly reduced under high temperatures. Maintaining grain quality under climate change is critical for mortal nutrition, end- use functional parcels and commodity value.

objects The current study aimed at assessing the performance of 48 genotypes of wheat under two surroundingsi.e timely and late sown conditions, for assessment of mean performance, variability, correlation, and path analysis of quality and micronutrient traits.

Research Methodology The exploration was carried out in the experimental area of the Wheat and Barley Section, Department of Genetics and Plant parentage, CCSHAU, Hisar during 2019- 20. The assessment was done for 48 wheat genotypes under two temperature situations( timely and late sown terrain) in RBD design with three replications.

Results Heat stress caused a significant reduction in grain yield, grain appearance score, hectoliter weight, sedimentation value, iron and zinc content whereas an increase in crude protein, total gluten content, wet gluten content and total answerable sugar. In the present study, total answerable sugar, wet gluten content, total gluten content showed the loftiest values of variability, heritability and inheritable advance as of mean and therefore are the most important quantitative traits to be taken into consideration for effective selection. A positive correlation was seen between grain yield and hectoliter weight in timely sown terrain. Path analysis revealed the loftiest positive direct effect for hectoliter weight and sedimentation value in timely sown condition, while sedimentation value and iron content for late sown terrain and therefore in the process of selection important attention should be given to them as these characters are helpful for circular selection.

Conclusion A negative association between high yield and good quality should be an important target for the coming parentage sweats or to determine a quality parameter that performs constantly in both surroundings.

Author(s) Details:

Aashu,
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India.

Y. P. S. Solanki,
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India.

Divya Phougat,
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India.

Tanya Barpanda,
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Pune, MPKV, Rahuri, Maharashtra – 413722, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V3/article/view/8408

Elemental Analysis of Leaves and Stem Barks Powder of Woodfordia fruticosa| Chapter 10 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 6

 This chapter looks into the vital and minute components of Woodfordia fruticosa's leaves and stem barks. When it comes to treating and preventing illnesses, nutritional and catalytic abnormalities, the phytoconstituents of herbal medicinal plants and the quantity of trace elements have a significant impact on the body. The poisonous effects of metals harm both the human body and all other living things, even at low concentrations. Identification of the constituents and their concentrations in herbal and culinary preparations requires this step. The current study provides details on the accessibility of several essential minerals and phytoconstituents that can be used to offer dietary components and may also help in the development of new medicine formulations.

Author(s) Details:

Neeli Rose Beck,
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, C.G. India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V6/article/view/8098

Scrutinizing the Effect of Serum Iron and Magnesium Levels in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with or Without Hypertension | Chapter 01 | Emerging Trends in Disease and Health Research Vol. 6

 Introduction: In recent years, micronutrients have gotten a lot of attention, with magnesium and iron being especially critical for a range of physiologic activities. The activation of neutrophils is a common early symptom of hypomagnesemia, which leads to periodontal tissue damage. Magnesium regulates blood pressure through vascular tone and responsiveness, therefore abnormal levels could contribute to hypertension pathogenesis.

The purpose of this study was to determine serum iron and magnesium levels in systemically and periodontally healthy participants, systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients, and chronic periodontitis patients with hypertension.

Materials and Methods: The study comprised 90 volunteers ranging in age from 18 to 65 years old. They were divided into three groups: group I, periodontally healthy individuals, group II, chronic periodontitis individuals, and group III, chronic periodontitis individuals with hypertension. The ferrozine method without deproteinization was utilized to assess serum iron levels by photometry, and the modified xylidyl blue reaction method was employed to determine serum magnesium levels.

The mean blood iron levels in chronic periodontitis (59.17g/dl) were substantially lower than in the control group (76.90g/dl) and somewhat higher in the chronic periodontitis with hypertension group (69.63g/dl), according to biochemical criteria. The hypertension group had considerably lower serum magnesium levels than the chronic periodontitis and control groups.

Conclusion: Serum iron and magnesium levels were found to be closely linked to periodontitis and hypertension. As a result, it can be argued that these levels may have a role in periodontitis etiology.

Author(S) Details

Nagaraj B. Kalburgi
Department of Periodontics, P.M.N.M Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.

Arati C. Koregol
Department of Periodontics, P.M.N.M Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.

T. J. Jerin Mary
Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Shivaraj Warad
Department of Periodontics, P.M.N.M Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.

Tejaswini Annam
Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Nitesh Kataria
Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Shweta Sonkusle
Department of Periodontics, P.M.N.M Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/ETDHR-V6/article/view/6413