Phytosome as Nanomedicine: Revolutionizing Herbal Drug DeliveryPhytosome as Nanomedicine: Revolutionizing Herbal Drug Delivery | Chapter 5 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 7 | Chapter 5 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 7

Through the ages, people have employed phytoconstituents extracted from medicinal plants to address a diverse array of ailments, including diabetes, malignancies, and inflammatory illnesses. Although phytochemicals have medicinal promise, their bioavailability and effectiveness are often limited due to their hydrophilic nature and large molecular size. The book's current chapter delves into the novel medication delivery system known as phytosomes, which improves the absorption and utilization of polar phytoconstituents that do not dissolve in lipids. The body can absorb phytosomes more effectively; they require less medicine, and they continuously release active substances, making them a promising alternative to traditional herbal preparations. Clinical trials on formulations based on phytosomes that contain quercetin and silybin have shown that they are very good at fighting cancer and cholesterol. The results indicate that phytosomes serve as a connection between traditional herbal medicine and contemporary pharmacology, providing improved pharmacological characteristics and therapeutic effects in different organ systems. Additional research on the clinical use of phytosomes is required because of their rapid rise to prominence as an option for the advancement of nutraceuticals and therapeutic medicines.

 

 

Author (s) Details

Shibangi Mukhopadhyay
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Meenakshi Jaiswal
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

S.K. Lanjhiyana
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

 Nidhi Agrawal
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Rashmi Dewangan
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Rajkumar Sironiya
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.)- 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v7/2556

 

Advanced Nanocarriers to Navigate the Blood-brain Barrier: A New Frontier in CNS Drug Delivery | Chapter 3 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 6

The central nervous system (CNS) is shielded from threats by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a selective physiological gatekeeper. It does, however, also provide a serious obstacle to the delivery of therapeutic medicines to the brain, making it difficult to treat neurological conditions such as glioblastoma, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's. With their focused distribution, regulated release, targeted delivery, and improved BBB penetration, nanocarrier-based methods act as a reassuring alternative. This chapter examines drug delivery obstacles, the anatomy of the blood-brain barrier, and the function of advanced nanocarriers, including exosomes, liposomes, dendrimers, and polymeric and lipid nanoparticles. Additionally, it addresses recent developments in receptor-mediated targeting, surface modifications, stimuli-responsive administration, and regulatory issues, as well as future objectives in brain-targeted nanomedicine.

 

Author (s) Details

Venkatalakshmi Ranganathan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai-600048, India.

 

Roshni. N
Department of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai-600048, India.

Preethi. M
Department of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai-600048, India.

 

Sasikala Chinnappan
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, UCSI University, Taman Connaught, 56000 Cheras, Malaysia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v6/5443

Model of Chemotaxis for Nanomedicine Applications Utilizing Nonlinear Reaction-Diffusion Systems: Application to Drug Delivery Control and Optimization | Chapter 4 | Mathematics and Computer Science: Contemporary Developments Vol. 9

Background: Chemotaxis is a fundamental guidance mechanism of cells and organisms, responsible for attracting microbes to food, embryonic cells into developing tissues, immune cells to infection sites, animals towards potential mates, and mathematicians into biology.

Methods: This work focuses on the investigation of the chemotaxis model for drug delivery applications. The investigation focuses on pattern development in a volume-filling system with nonlinear diffusive terms. The proposed mathematical model is regulated by a reaction-diffusion system that simulates the interplay between cell density and chemoattractant concentration. The pattern development of the model was examined through Turing's principle and linear stability analysis. An asymptotic expansion is employed to linearize the nonlinear diffusive components. Subsequently, an implicit finite volume technique was offered and implemented on a triangular mesh that adheres to the orthogonality constraint.

Results: Numerical results demonstrating the emergence of the spatial pattern in the chemotaxis model are provided and examined.

Conclusion: The results indicate significant advancement in comprehending the mechanisms of targeted drug delivery control and optimization.

 

Author (s) Details

Ali S. Saad
Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.

 

Mohammed Almijalli
Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.

 

Moustafa Ibrahim
College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait.

 

Mazen Saad
École Centrale de Nantes, LMJL UMR6629 CNRS 1, Rue de la Noë, 44321 Nantes, France.

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mcscd/v9/3355

Next-Generation Drug Delivery Strategies for Personalized Healthcare | Chapter 3 | Pharmaceutical Research - Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 2

 

The advent of personalized medicine has revolutionized healthcare, allowing tailored treatment plans based on individual patient characteristics. Central to this paradigm shift are advanced drug delivery strategies designed to enhance therapeutic efficacy, minimize side effects, and improve patient outcomes. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of next-generation drug delivery approaches, focusing on their application in personalized healthcare. We discuss various strategies, including nanomedicine, targeted drug delivery systems, stimuli-responsive delivery systems, and biomaterial-based platforms, highlighting their potential to address the challenges of conventional drug administration methods. Furthermore, we examine the integration of personalized diagnostics and therapeutics, emphasizing the importance of precision medicine in optimizing treatment regimens for individual patients. Overall, this review underscores the critical role of innovative drug delivery technologies in advancing personalized healthcare and shaping the future of medicine.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Shubham Shende
Manwatkar College of Pharmacy, Ghodpeth, Tah. Bhadravati, Dist. Chandrapur- - 442902, MH., India and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Sage University, Indore-452020, MP, India.

 

Lalchand Devhare
Manwatkar College of Pharmacy, Ghodpeth, Tah. Bhadravati, Dist. Chandrapur- - 442902, MH., India.

 

Chandani Prasad
Manwatkar College of Pharmacy, Ghodpeth, Tah. Bhadravati, Dist. Chandrapur- - 442902, MH., India.

 

Ashish Khobragade
Manwatkar College of Pharmacy, Ghodpeth, Tah. Bhadravati, Dist. Chandrapur- - 442902, MH., India.

 

Ajit Khapne
Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Sage University, Indore-452020, MP, India.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v2/275

The Application of 3-D Printing in Nanomedicine | Chapter 13 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 9

 

The most cutting-edge method for producing pharmaceutical dosage forms in recent years has been 3D printing or additive manufacturing. This approach uses advanced technology, like a virtual model, to control the production apparatus and produce the desired dosage form of an actual object. Due to the demand from different sectors of the world for health services and the urgency of controlling the side effects associated with conventional dosage forms, the pharmaceutical industry tries to produce dosage forms in large quantities these days with 3D printing. With this technology, items are designed through layer-by-layer material manufacturing employing layer-based systems of processes, extrusion, ink-jet printing, and laser printing technologies by using various polymers and other suitable excipients. Additionally, the various delivery systems, such as customized drug doses and personalized medicine, as well as other healthcare sectors, demonstrate the potential benefits of 3D technology in delivering personalized therapy to the individual. This overview covers the various methods and how they are used in the production of 3D medicines, as well as the regulatory issues that this industry faces.

Author(s) Details:

Nirmala Rani Tulimelli
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University. Visakhapatnam-530003, India.

Shailaja Pashikanti
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University. Visakhapatnam-530003, India.

Rajeswari Athota
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University. Visakhapatnam-530003, India.

Naga Narayana Lakshmi. P
Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University. Visakhapatnam-530003, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V9/article/view/14379

In-vivo Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy for Tumors Using a Theranostic Strategy Based on Graphene Oxide | Chapter 8 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 7

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and is responsible for about 1 in 6 deaths in the world. Therefore, there is a demand to introduce novel, effective antitumor agents delivered to their specific target tissue/site to improve the efficiency of cancer diagnosis and treatment and limit the undesired systemic adverse effects caused by conventional chemotherapeutic agents. In this context, graphene oxide (GO) has garnered interest in biomedicine for cancer therapy due to its distinct physical and chemical properties.

This study describes the in vivo application of Graphene Oxide (nc-GO) nanocomposites whose surfaces have been modified with PEG-folic acid, Rhodamine B, and Indocyanine Green. In addition to displaying red fluorescence spectra of Rhodamine B acting as the fluorescent marker, in vivo experiments were performed using nc-GO to apply Photodynamic Therapy and Photothermal Therapy in the treatment of Ehrlich tumors in mice using Near-Infrared Light (808 nm 1.8 W/cm2).

This study utilized fluorescence images to analyze the tumor, aiming to achieve the highest concentration of nc-GO over time (time after intraperitoneal injection). The resulting time data was then employed to optimize the tumor treatment through PDT / PTT. The current study shows an example of the successful use of nc-GO nanocomposites as a theranostic nanomedicine to perform simultaneously In vivo fluorescence diagnostics and combined PDT-PTT effects for cancer treatments.

Author(s) Details:

María Paulina Romero,
São Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil and Departamento de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ecuador.

Hilde Harb Buzzá,
São Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.

Mirian Denise Stringasci,
São Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.

Bianca Martins Estevão,
São Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.

Cecília de Carvalho Castro e Silva,
MackGraphe, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil.

Marcelo A. Pereira-da-Silva,
São Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.

Natalia Mayumi Inada,
São Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.

Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato,
São Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V7/article/view/13731

A Review on Nanotechnology and Nanorobotics: A Miraculous And emerging Tool in Nanomedicine | Chapter 5 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 6

Nanotechnology, is the combination of recently developed scientific technology and modified engineering that focuses on production, design and application of a system at an atomic or molecular level. It helps in creating machines or robots by theoretical engineering near about nanometer scale is called “Nanorobotics”. These are named like ‘nanorobots’, ‘nanoids’, ‘nanites/nanomites’ ‘Industrial robots’, ‘humanoid’, ‘surgical robots’ etc. In this article focused on concept, types, working, pharmaceutical approaches, design, advantages, disadvantages, application and future aspects through robotic projects on nanomedicine delivering agent nanorobots in different fields. The development of design of nanorobots has been done by using various approaches such as: Biochip, Nubots, Positional Nano assembly, Usage of Bacteria etc. These are implemented by using several components such as sensors, actuators, control, power, communication and by interfacing cross- special scales between organic inorganic systems. Due to specific site operation mechanism leads no any harmful activities and no side effects in applications. The initial cost of design development is high but accurate delivery of medicine to target site is the boon to mankind. These nano devices are used for the purpose of maintaining and protecting the human body against pathogens in different areas (food, industry, agriculture, farming, space technology etc.). It is helpful in the treatment of cancer (In Obese Prostate Cancer, colon cancer, Kidney cancer etc.), cerebral Aneurysm, removal of kidney stones, Gene therapy, Nano dentistry, Neurosurgery, Diagnosis and Testing, Diamond nanotechnology for skin treatments, implementation of Anti–HIV etc. Various new developed pharmaceutical science-based nanotechnology in various fields of biotechnology, biomaterials synthesis, drug delivery, in diagnosis and treatment monitoring using medical imaging, etc. showed great potential in the field of Nanomedicine. The use of nanorobotic with nanotechnology could become the boon to mankind and a miraculous emerging tool in future nano era.

Author(s) Details:

Gita Chaurasia,
Siddhant College of Pharmacy, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V6/article/view/13415

Determining the Physical Mechanism of the Effects of Metal Nanoparticles on Biological Systems| Chapter 7 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 8

 The purpose of whole is to show that a physical mechanism maybe responsible for the traits of the non-electromagnetic effects of nanoparticles on biological orders. Nanoparticles are particularly attractive for a variety of biomedical applications, proper their high surface-to-book ratio, volume to interact with microscopic or cellular processes, and talent to alter their functions. Some characteristics of the (non-electrostatic) belongings of metal nanoparticles on organic systems are analyzed, containing the non-monotonic size-effect reliance, the dependence on nanoparticle form, and the grip of particular metal nanoparticles to particular cells. It's settled that these features of the belongings of nanoparticles on biological systems are similar to the features of the interplay of spin structures in superfluid  through spin supercurrents. This plan makes it possible to establish which ingot would have the most impact on a distinguishing biological scheme, which helps to increase the effectiveness of healing applications of nanoparticles.

Author(s) Details:

Liudmila B. Boldyreva,
The State University of Management, Moscow, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V8/article/view/10929

Nanomedicine Delivery System: A Recent Promise for Better Control of Asthma| Chapter 4 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol.10

 The asthma is the most widely recognized ongoing incendiary sickness triggers from smoking, dust vermin, poisons, bothers, pet dander, dust, food-borne allergens, molds, exercise and others. This respiratory problem is overall ineffectively controlled utilizing allergen-explicit immunotherapy, chemotherapeutic specialists and glucocorticoids which generally show serious secondary effects in the patient's body. Non-clinical medicines being utilized as correlative medicines incorporate needle therapy, breathing activities and others in the administration of asthma. This correspondence momentarily refreshes on the reforming modest nanotechnology that guarantees a beam of trust with extraordinary potential and possibility in treating and controlling asthma.

Author(s) Details:

Shanthala P.
Department of Food Technology, Kuvempu University, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V10/article/view/8064

Drug Delivery Control Using Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Descriptive Approach | Chapter 1 | Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol. 9

This chapter explains the use of iron oxide nanoparticles in 3D MRI as a drug distribution control mechanism. It describes how to evaluate the effectiveness of medicine distribution by using MRI scans to identify and distinguish the cluster intensity created by Iron oxide nanoparticles (IO-NPs). IO-NPs connected to macrophages were injected into the infected mouse's calf eye. Due to the low resolution of MRI and the tiny size of the IO-NPs, the situation was challenging. IO-NPs act as a marker in MRI and their high intensity allows us to monitor the macrophages' development. Using an image processing method, the number and location of IO-NPs that were spreading into the infected mouse leg were estimated. The region of interest was selected using a fuzzy Clustering approach (ROI). IO-NPs were found and extracted from MRI images using a 3D model of the femoral region. The findings collected demonstrate that the suggested technique is successful in enhancing the management of targeted medication delivery. It supports the improvement of therapy and creates a promising new line of inquiry for nanomedicine applications.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammed Almijalli,

Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.

Khalid Alhussaini,

Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.

Adham Aleid,

Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.

Abdullatif Alwasel,

Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.

Ali Saad,

Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCAMS-V9/article/view/7374

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Potential Avenues for Research | Chapter 1 | Current Aspects in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol. 6

 Nanotechnology has seen a substantial increase in study and use in the realm of medicine in recent years. Nanomedicine, or the use of nanotechnology in medicine, enables the creation of nanoparticle-therapeutic carriers. Nanoparticles have been found to be essential for the delivery of medications that are poorly water soluble. Liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, and solid lipid nanoparticles are all examples of nanocarriers that have opened up new possibilities in drug delivery. Nanostructured lipid carrier system, the "new kid on the block," is gaining traction among scientists. Its better properties over other nanocarriers are the sole reason for this. Researchers have used a variety of liquid and solid lipids in the search for nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). However, the utility of NLCs in delivering therapeutic substances to specific body areas has not been completely utilised in the treatment of diseases.

Author(S) Details

Livesey D. Olerile
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, DDT College of Medicine, Plot: 13139-41 BBS Mall, Gaborone, Botswana.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPRD-V6/article/view/5153