Pharmacological Evaluation of Tamarindus indica Leaf Extract: Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and CNS Depressant Effects| Chapter 5 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 9

 

 

Background: Tamarindus indica leaves have been traditionally used to manage pain, inflammation, and disorders of the nervous system. Different parts of plants—including leaves, fruit pulp, bark, and seeds—are traditionally used to treat fever, gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation, pain, and various infections. Scientific evidence supporting these uses is limited, prompting an evaluation of their pharmacological activities in experimental models.

 

Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the pharmacological effects of Tamarindus indica leaf extract, specifically its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and central nervous system (CNS) depressant activities, in order to assess its potential therapeutic applications.

 

Methods: Fresh leaves of T. indica were collected from the campus of the University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. An aqueous extract of T. indica leaves was administered to mice at doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. Analgesic activity was assessed using the acetic acid–induced writhing test. Anti-inflammatory effects were measured through carrageenan-induced paw oedema. Central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity was examined using the Open Field and Hole Cross tests to determine changes in locomotor and exploratory behaviours.

 

Results: The extract produced significant, dose-dependent analgesic effects, with 100 mg/kg showing 77.94% inhibition of writhing, comparable to the standard drug (83.33%). Anti-inflammatory activity also increased with dose and time, with notable suppression of paw oedema at later phases of inflammation. In CNS activity tests, both doses—particularly 100 mg/kg—significantly reduced movement and exploratory behaviours, indicating strong CNS depressant action.

 

Conclusion: T. indica leaf extract exhibits potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and CNS depressant properties in mice. These effects may involve modulation of inflammatory pathways and central neurotransmitter systems such as GABA. The results support traditional uses of the plant and highlight its potential for future development of natural therapeutic agents. Further studies are needed to identify active compounds and clarify their mechanisms of action.

 

 

Author(s) Details

KHADIZA KHANAM
Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

 

A. H. M. MOSTOFA KAMAL
Rajshashi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

 

MOSTAFIZUR RAHMAN
Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

 

SHAMMI AKHTER
Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

 

SIMIN SHABNAM LOPA
Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

 

MD. ATIKUL ISLAM
Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

 

MD. SARWAR JAHAN
Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

 

NURUNNAHAR
Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

 

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v9/6722

Research on the Phytochemical Analysis of Bidens pilosa L. Leaf Extracts | Chapter 11 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 Bidens pilosa is a perennial herb found worldwide in temperate and tropical regions. It has a history of traditional use in food and medicine without notable harmful effects. Although there has been progress in analysing its chemical and biological properties, comprehensive and up-to-date reviews are scarce. The plant has shown various pharmacological activities, including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antidiabetic, hypotensive, immunomodulatory effects, and use for conditions like bronchial catarrh, dysentery, and diarrhea. This study focuses on analysing the phytochemicals present in Bidens pilosa leaves. Initially, dried Bidens pilosa powder was extracted using chloroform, acetone-water, and chloroform-water solvents. The extracts were then tested for the presence of different phytochemicals.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Rinkoo Vishwakarma,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12458

Research Pertaining to the Phytochemical Analysis of Extracts Derived from the Leaves of Coleus rotundifolius L. | Chapter 5 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 In the current phase of research, an intricate chemical analysis was undertaken on Coleus rotundifolius L., a valuable medicinal plant within the Lamiaceae family. This investigation encompassed an exhaustive examination of phytochemical constituents, utilizing distinct solvent extracts such as water, methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and acetone, derived from the plant's leaves. The obtained results illuminated a rich amalgamation of biochemical elements across all solvent extracts, notably including carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and lipids. However, a notable accentuation was observed in the methanolic leaf extract, which displayed an enhanced presence of phenols, effectively outshining the other constituents.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Pratima Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Jay Singh Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12452

Investigations Pertaining to the Field of Pharmacognosy Concerning Coleus rotundifolius L. | Chapter 4 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 Coleus rotundifolius L., a member of the Lamiaceae family, is recognized by its vernacular name "Patharchur" in Hindi. It presents as a sizable succulent perennial herb, characterized by its aromatic qualities. The plant's leaves have historically found application in diverse medicinal contexts such as malarial fever, hepatopathy, renal and vesicle calculi, cough, chronic asthma, bronchitis, hiccough, anthelmintic purposes, colic pain, and convulsions. The present paper undertakes a comprehensive investigation of the pharmacognostic attributes pertaining to the leaves, stems, and roots of C. rotundifolius, encompassing an array of distinct parameters.

Author(s) Details:

Pratima Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Jay Singh Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12451

Determining the Antibacterial Effect of the Leaf Extract of Buchholzia coriacea on Nasal Isolates | Chapter 8 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 1

 The present research checked the antibacterial action of nasal isolates on Buchholzia coriacea (Wonderful Kola) leaf extract. There is a lengthy annals of traditional cure. It is the whole of the knowledge, ability, and behaviors established ideas, opinions, and experiences that are hereditary to many cultures, in any case they can be related, and employed in the protection of health as well as in the preventing, diagnosis, bettering, or treatment of tangible and mental disease. One hundred pupils at the Delta State Polytechnic in Ogwash-uku, Delta State, were proven for nasal isolates. Using the agar well diffusion design, the antibacterial project of the methanolic extract of the leaves was evaluated against nasally isolated microorganisms (E. coli, Citrobacter variety, Klebsiella species, and Proteus variety). Inhibition zones and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were used as signs of antimicrobial activity. The extracts shy the growth of the bacterial isolates in a aggregation dependent class with MICs of 39.81mg/ml, 69.18mg/ml, 79.43mg/ml and 97.7mg/ml (E. coli, Citrobacter class, Klebsiella species and Proteus species) individually. Phytochemical screening discloses the presence of subordinate metabolites; tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, purines, reducing sugars, flavonoids, steroids, alkalloids and phlobatannins. The result displays promising decontaminating potential of B. coriacea leaf extracts and hence maybe considered for drug and medicinal purposes. Characterization of the bioactive components of B. coriacea leaves maybe used in the happening of drugs for the treatment of bacterial connected infections.

Author(s) Details:

Anie C. O.,
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Nwabuokei I. G.,
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Oghenejobo M.,
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Enwa F. O.,
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V1/article/view/12079

Evaluation of Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) of Plant Species| Chapter 3 | Current Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 7

 Plants play a very main role in claiming the ecological balance and mitigating air dirtiness. Along with developmental endeavors, air pollution is increasing precariously in urban regions. The tolerant class of plants/trees function as pollution fall, therefore various environmental benefits can be asked by planting easygoing plant species in tainted areas. For this purpose, evaluation of plant variety concerning their resistance level to air pollution in the form of an air dirtiness tolerance index may be essential. The city forestry and homestead programs will give the best results to check air pollution if they plant open-minded plant species in harshly polluted urban and mechanical areas, and likewise they can maintain the air quality, soil pregnancy, and ecological balance.

Author(s) Details:

Uma Devi Randhi,
Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management Deemed (To Be) University, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 502329, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAGEES-V7/article/view/8547