Zizyphus mauritiana as a Source of Tannins with Antibacterial and Antiplasmodial Activities | Chapter 7 | Chemistry and Biochemistry: Research Progress Vol. 8

 

Background: In Africa and other countries where malaria is endemic, traditional medicinal plants are frequently used to treat or cure malaria. Ziziphus mauritiana, a tropical fruit tree species belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, is used in African traditional medicine against different symptoms and diseases.

 

Aim: This study was designed to evaluate tannins extracted from Ziziphus mauritiana as a source of potential antimalarial and antimicrobial agents in Mali.

 

Methodology: The collection of plant materials, tannins extraction, antibacterial activity evaluation were done at the University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali and antiplasmodial activity assessment at Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States of America, between September 2013 and February 2014. The tannins were extracted from leaves of Z. mauritiana collected around Bamako, Mali. Antiplasmodial activity was evaluated against 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) and Dd2 (chloroquine-resistant) strains of Plasmodium falciparum using the fluorescence-based SYBR® green I method. Antibacterial activity of tannins was evaluated by the disc diffusion method against strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus donated by the National Research Institute in Public Health in Mali and collected from infected patients suffering from different diseases. The Kruskal–Wallis H test for data of zone of inhibition was used with the Statistical Package for the Medical Sciences version 17.0.

 

Results: The tannin extracts from leaves of Z. mauritiana demonstrated moderate antibacterial activity (average 7-9 mm diameter of inhibition zone) on tested strains. Tannins extracted from leaves of Z. mauritiana showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against 3D7 P. falciparum (46.9±1.12 μg/mL) and against Dd2 P. falciparum strains (67.8±2.39 μg/mL). They also showed an antibacterial activity on different bacterial strains, showing important inhibition zones. Especially, they were more active on Streptococcus than Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus.

 

Conclusion: Tannins extracted from Z. mauritiana demonstrated good antiplasmodial and antibacterial activities. It could be regarded as effective and studied for further consideration as a complementary medicine source of antimicrobials against most multidrug-resistant bacteria and other parasites. These data confirm the potential use of tannins as a key element in antimalarial and antibacterial drug development.

 

Author(s) Details

Mamadou Wélé
African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Science, Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Mali.

 

Singou Keita
Laboratoire de Biosciences et Applications, Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Mali.

 

Cheickna Cisse
African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Science, Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Mali.

 

Mamadou A Konare
Laboratoire de Biosciences et Applications, Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Mali.

 

Laura Kirkman
Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.

 

Lamine Baba-Moussa
Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v8/6695

Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants used in West Java Indonesia| Chapter 6 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 4

 

The ethnobotanical study in this report focuses on traditional therapeutic plants utilized by local societies in the treatment of human infections. There is a need to conduct a study to record the medicinal plants associated with indigenous knowledge in Urug village, Indonesia. The reason for this research was to provide and protect the predecessors’ knowledge connected to therapeutic plant use within the community. A variety of vegetation has made substantial contributions and remained an essential part of humanity across history. This research was performed from January to February 2018 in Urug indigenous village, Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The main goal of this study was to document the medicinal plants that are used in the research area to cure various illnesses. This ethnobotanical knowledge was gathered with the use of semi-structural interviews, guided field walks and observations with informants. Several species were examined using the species Use value and Fidelity Level. Furthermore, 102 therapeutic plants, including 96 genera and 48 families were compiled and identified. However, Zingiberaceae (9,8%) family had the highest therapeutic plant use for several therapies in this region. The highest proportion of medicinal plants comprises herbs (40.2%) while leaves (69%) were the most often used parts in the formulation of traditional drugs. Meanwhile, decoctions (47,8%) were commonly utilized as a traditional medicine preparation method. The frequently applied ethnomedicinal plant types were Centella asiatica (1.0) while the highest Fidelity Level value for the management of sprue was Pterocarpus indicus. Also, indigenes in this survey community have traditional wisdom in the treatment of human diseases using these plants. Youth apathy poses a serious threat to these herbs, so it is important to increase awareness in the local communities with an emphasis on the sustainable use and maintenance of traditional knowledge and medicinal plants.

 

Author(s) Details

 

Sri Endarti Rahayu

Faculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional. Jl. Sawo Manila No. 61, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12520, Indonesia.

Rosalia Purba

Faculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional. Jl. Sawo Manila No. 61, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12520, Indonesia.

Ikhsan Matondang

Faculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional. Jl. Sawo Manila No. 61, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12520, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v4/146

Isolation and HPTLC Analysis of Conditional Amino Acids from the Fresh Leaves of Sessile Joyweed Alternanthera sessilis | Chapter 10 | Pharmaceutical Research - Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 4

 

Objective: The present study aimed to isolate the conditional amino acids present in the fresh leaf extracts of Alternanthera sessilis and compare the isolated amino acids with amino acid standards.

 

Background: Primary metabolites usually perform intrinsic functions and so present in all plants. Some common examples are carbohydrates, ethanol, lipids, nucleic acid and proteins. Secondary metabolites are usually not directly involved in growth, development or reproduction but are involved in defense function.

 

Methods: The fresh plant material was used for extraction. For the extracted sample solution, Paper chromatography and High-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprinting analysis were then carried out.

 

Results: Since Alternanthera sessilis is rich in protein, various amino acids have been isolated in aggregates and Paper chromatography has been performed. Amino acids are separated and identified using trial and error method. Cysteine, glycine, aspartic acid and proline-like standard amino acids were used for comparing with the isolated amino acids by High-performance thin layer chromatography fingerprint analysis, giving an idea for the authentication of the plant, its constituents and also provide parameters for quality control.  The result obtained by qualitative evaluation of HPTLC will be helpful in further quantitative estimation of each amino acid and also for standardization of herbal formulations containing this plant.

 

Conclusion: The results scientifically validate the use of Alternanthera sessilis in traditional medicine and also as a food. The present study can be considered as a reference and can be used for validation of the plant usage.

 

Author(s) Details

Swarnakumari S
Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Mohan S
Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Ida Christi V E
Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Abinaya S
Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Kalaivani S
Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v4/6650A

Evaluating the Validity of Ahara and Vihara in Ayurveda: Non-Adherence to their Principles as Risk Factors for Disease | chapter 7 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 2

The chronic disease crisis has afflicted humanity for many years. As an insight, diseases related to metabolic syndrome such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are proving particularly costly, with costs predicted to spiral out of control, particularly in countries in South and East Asia. In Ayurveda, such disease crisis are explained in terms of imbalances in patients’ physiological regulatory systems. Life-style habits—such as smoking, alcohol intake, no exercise etc.—are well-known risk factors for disease, often understood as effects of particular molecules. Patients’ life-styles tend to create ongoing strain on physiological regulation, so that restoring patients’ regulatory systems to states of natural homeostatic and allostatic balance is necessary to restore health. Systems of traditional medicine advise on habits like Yoga practice, timings of meals, retiring to bed and rising. This study present a non-rigorous demonstration of how such influences can be subject to usual contingency table risk-factor analysis. Data were collected from patients at Rasähära Kendra clinics in the city of Bhopal, who completed questionnaires on life-style and health-related habits, health history and current status. Supplementary data was obtained from independently interviewed citizens of Bhopal. Classic risk factor analysis was carried out by using categorical Yes/No variables answering the two questions. The data were analyzed using Excel and pad. The result indicated that a variety of diet and lifestyle factors considered important in South Asian Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) systems of medicine like Ayurveda and Yoga may be shown to influence values of BMI considered important in metabolic syndrome, and various aspects of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Although non-rigorous, results demonstrate how such methods may validate life-style factors from traditional medicine: not observing them increases disease susceptibility. The study concluded that it is practical to obtain and analyse data testing influences of lifestyle factors on the aetiology of various diseases and their complications, as suggested by Ayurveda, and indeed other TCAM systems. Further, more rigorous research should be implemented to validate these findings.

 

Author (s) Details

Purnima Datey
S-VYASA, Bangalore, India.

 

Alex Hankey
S-VYASA, Bangalore, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v2/5406

 

Exploring the Antimicrobial Potential and Phytochemical Composition of Ocimum tenuiflorum Leaf Extracts: An Analytical Apporach | Chapter 12 | Innovative Solutions: A Systematic Approach towards Sustainable Future

Aim: To explore the antimicrobial potential sand phytochemical composition of Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus niger.

Study Design: The dried Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves were extracted using decoction and digestion methods. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extracts was conducted. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was analyzed using the agar diffusion method, followed by determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The poisoned food technique was employed to assess the fungicidal activity of the extracts against Aspergillus niger. All experiments were conducted in triplicate, and the average values were depicted graphically.

Place and Duration of Study: Sahrdaya College of Engineering and Technology, Kodakara, and Centre for Research on Molecular and Applied Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, from May to August 2023.

Methodology: Dried Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves were extracted by decoction and digestion methods. Preliminary qualitative analysis was performed to identify various phytochemicals. The extracts were evaluated for their MIC and MBC/MFC against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus niger.

Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that both types of extracts contained alkaloids and steroids. Flavonoids and terpenoids were exclusive to the decoction extract, while saponins were found only in the digestion extract. Both extracts exhibited increased zones of inhibition (ZOI) against Aspergillus niger, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The MIC for the decoction extract was 250 µg/mL against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, while the MIC for the digestion extract was 500 µg/mL. The decoction extract demonstrated an inhibition rate of 52.692% at a concentration of 125 µg/mL against Aspergillus niger.

Conclusion: The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the pharmacological properties of Ocimum tenuiflorum, paving the way for further research on its potential therapeutic applications and role as a natural preservative. The presence of diverse phytochemicals, coupled with observed antimicrobial effects, suggests its potential for multifaceted therapeutic benefits.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Sangeetha Gopal
Department of Biotechnology, Sahrdaya College of Engineering and Technology, Kodakara, Affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Thiruvananthapuram, India.

Leon Ittiachen
Department of Biotechnology, Sahrdaya College of Engineering and Technology, Kodakara, Affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Thiruvananthapuram, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-49238-47-3/CH12

Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants used in West Java Indonesia | Chapter 6 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 4

The ethnobotanical study in this report focuses on traditional therapeutic plants utilized by local societies in the treatment of human infections. There is a need to conduct a study to record the medicinal plants associated with indigenous knowledge in Urug village, Indonesia. The reason for this research was to provide and protect the predecessors’ knowledge connected to therapeutic plant use within the community. A variety of vegetation has made substantial contributions and remained an essential part of humanity across history. This research was performed from January to February 2018 in Urug indigenous village, Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The main goal of this study was to document the medicinal plants that are used in the research area to cure various illnesses. This ethnobotanical knowledge was gathered with the use of semi-structural interviews, guided field walks and observations with informants. Several species were examined using the species Use value and Fidelity Level. Furthermore, 102 therapeutic plants, including 96 genera and 48 families were compiled and identified. However, Zingiberaceae (9,8%) family had the highest therapeutic plant use for several therapies in this region. The highest proportion of medicinal plants comprises herbs (40.2%) while leaves (69%) were the most often used parts in the formulation of traditional drugs. Meanwhile, decoctions (47,8%) were commonly utilized as a traditional medicine preparation method. The frequently applied ethnomedicinal plant types were Centella asiatica (1.0) while the highest Fidelity Level value for the management of sprue was Pterocarpus indicus. Also, indigenes in this survey community have traditional wisdom in the treatment of human diseases using these plants. Youth apathy poses a serious threat to these herbs, so it is important to increase awareness in the local communities with an emphasis on the sustainable use and maintenance of traditional knowledge and medicinal plants.

Author(s) Details:

Sri Endarti Rahayu,
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional. Jl. Sawo Manila No. 61, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12520, Indonesia.

Rosalia Purba
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional. Jl. Sawo Manila No. 61, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12520, Indonesia.

Ikhsan Matondang
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional. Jl. Sawo Manila No. 61, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12520, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V4/article/view/14395

Turmeric: The Ultimate Health Elixir for a Balanced Life | Chapter 3 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 6

 Turmeric, scientifically known as Curcuma longa, is a vibrant orange-yellow spice that has been a staple in cuisines worldwide for its distinctive flavour and numerous health benefits. Originating from South Asia, particularly India, turmeric is revered not only for its culinary uses but also for its medicinal and cosmetic properties. Rich in nutrients like fibre, calcium, iron, and potassium, turmeric is hailed as a superfood for its wide-ranging health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This article provides an overview of the various forms of turmeric, including raw, ground powder, essential oil, and paste, along with their uses and nutritional content. Additionally, it explores the differences between white and yellow turmeric and offers insights into selecting high-quality turmeric products. Furthermore, the article delves into the diverse types of turmeric available in India, highlighting the nutritional composition and unique features of each variety. Special emphasis is placed on Lakadong turmeric, renowned for its exceptionally high curcumin content and therapeutic properties. From improving liver function to reducing the risk of chronic diseases, turmeric offers a myriad of health benefits, making it an essential addition to a healthy lifestyle. However, it is essential to be mindful of potential side effects and precautions while incorporating turmeric into one's diet or skincare regimen. Overall, turmeric stands as a versatile and indispensable ingredient that not only enhances the flavour of dishes but also promotes overall well-being and vitality.

Author(s) Details:

Bandana Chatterjee,
Allahabad University, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V6/article/view/14925

Pharmacovigilance Practice in AYUSH Drugs: Present Status and Future Prospective | Chapter 9 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 4

 This division focuses on requirement of Pharmacovigilance in AYUSH Drugs. Because centuries Ayurveda and other established systems of cure are practised in this continent. They are believed as the safest healing systems. However accompanying the scientific philosophy everything is rejected or sanctioned in the light of available dispassionate data only. Hence, to form pharmacovigilance, program for AYUSH drugs become essential for bestowing them credibility. Feature of the ASU drugs may be restricted by poor quality raw material, plant readinesses and not prepared following distinguishing procedures. Good administering practices ensure that an effective form of the correct cure is delivered to the right patient, in the correct portion of drug or other consumable and quantity, with clear commands, and in a package that asserts the potency of the medicine. Dispassionate use should be contingent adopting Good Clinical Practice of ASU system to prevent the Adverse drug Responses. Cooperation and sharing of news among the accompanying drug regulating agencies concede possibility also progress in business.

Author(s) Details:

M. G. Rajanandh,
Department of Pharmacy Practice, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.

D. Chamundeeswari,
Meenakshi Faculty of Pharmacy, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai 602 105, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V4/article/view/13004

Determining the Antibacterial Effect of the Leaf Extract of Buchholzia coriacea on Nasal Isolates | Chapter 8 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 1

 The present research checked the antibacterial action of nasal isolates on Buchholzia coriacea (Wonderful Kola) leaf extract. There is a lengthy annals of traditional cure. It is the whole of the knowledge, ability, and behaviors established ideas, opinions, and experiences that are hereditary to many cultures, in any case they can be related, and employed in the protection of health as well as in the preventing, diagnosis, bettering, or treatment of tangible and mental disease. One hundred pupils at the Delta State Polytechnic in Ogwash-uku, Delta State, were proven for nasal isolates. Using the agar well diffusion design, the antibacterial project of the methanolic extract of the leaves was evaluated against nasally isolated microorganisms (E. coli, Citrobacter variety, Klebsiella species, and Proteus variety). Inhibition zones and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were used as signs of antimicrobial activity. The extracts shy the growth of the bacterial isolates in a aggregation dependent class with MICs of 39.81mg/ml, 69.18mg/ml, 79.43mg/ml and 97.7mg/ml (E. coli, Citrobacter class, Klebsiella species and Proteus species) individually. Phytochemical screening discloses the presence of subordinate metabolites; tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, purines, reducing sugars, flavonoids, steroids, alkalloids and phlobatannins. The result displays promising decontaminating potential of B. coriacea leaf extracts and hence maybe considered for drug and medicinal purposes. Characterization of the bioactive components of B. coriacea leaves maybe used in the happening of drugs for the treatment of bacterial connected infections.

Author(s) Details:

Anie C. O.,
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Nwabuokei I. G.,
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Oghenejobo M.,
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Enwa F. O.,
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V1/article/view/12079

Management of HIV/AIDS Opportunistic Infections by Using Medicinal Plants: A Case Study from Njeru Sub-County, Buikwe District, Uganda | Chapter 9 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 This stage focused on proof of the plants used in the administration of HIV/AIDS opportunistic infections before they are missing through degradation of their residence and death of the aging people the one have the knowledge about ruling class and also their influence in the management of the opportunistic afflictions was assessed. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a big cause of premature death and imposes a big disease burden about the world. Most HIV/AIDS cases are at risk for expanding bacterial and fungal opportunistic infections on account of immune abolition. However, there is lacking evidence to support the growing use of curative plants as an additional and alternative healing approach to combat HIV/AIDS opportunistic contaminations. The study was conducted in the Njeru sub-division, Buikwe District. The study focused on the exercise of medicinal plants secondhand in the management of HIV/AIDS sophisticated infections. A total of 52 curative plant species owned by forty-nine (49) genera and thirty-individual (31) families were recognized to be secondhand by traditional curative practitioners (TMPs) in the administration of HIV/AIDS opportunistic contaminations. Most of these plants were found to belong to the kins; Lamiaceae, Moraceae, Leguminosae, and Verbenaceae. Most of the plant species labeled were known to survive skin infections, never-ending cough, tuberculosis, stomach contaminations, diarrhea, syphilis zoster, and Warts. Although the herbs were used to treat a variety of illnesses, warts, disease communicable through sex zoster, chronic cough, stomach contaminations, and chronic cough were ultimate frequently stated. Traditional medical experts (TMPs) primarily drain decoctions as a method of application.

Author(s) Details:

Mustapha W. Shehu,
Department of Environmental Science, Islamic University in Uganda, Uganda.

Idris Bello,
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia.

Nafi’u Abdulkadir,
Department of Microbiology, Sokoto State University, Nigeria.

Abdulazeez Shehu,
Department of Environmental Science, Islamic University in Uganda, Uganda.

Ssenku Ediris Jamil,
Department of Environmental Science, Islamic University in Uganda, Uganda.

Sadiya A. Waziri,
Department of Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V6/article/view/11481

Morphology and Phylogeny of Five New Ganodermataceae (Polyporales) Species for Vietnam | Chapter 2 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 4

 

In Asia, members of the Ganodermataceae family are utilised in traditional medicine. Since the fifteenth century, these mushrooms have been utilised in Vietnamese traditional medicine to cure a number of ailments. This study used morphology and 5.8S-ITS rDNA phylogenetic analysis to classify five new Ganodermataceae specimens that were collected from Kon Ka Kinh National Park in Vietnam. These specimens included Ganoderma multiplicatum, Ganoderma sinense, two strains of Ganoderma lingzhi, and Amauroderma subresinosum. A phylogenetic tree and colour photos of macro-micro characteristics were presented and discussed. This is the first report of newly discovered specimens of Amauroderma subresinosum, Ganoderma multiplicatum, Ganoderma sinense, and two strains of Ganoderma lingzhi for Vietnam. This study made a contribution to the geographic distribution, morphological traits, and rDNA sequences of novel Vietnamese Ganodermataceae.

Author(s) Details:

Trang Thi Thu Nguyen,
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Nguyen Van Cu-227, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 72711, Vietnam and Vietnam National University, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City 71308, Vietnam.

Nhung Thi Trang Le,
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Nguyen Van Cu-227, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 72711, Vietnama and Vietnam National University, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City 71308, Vietnam.

Tan Khanh Nguyen,
Scientific Management Department, Dong A University, 33 Xo Viet Nghe Tinh, Hai Chau District, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam.

Huynh Van Thi Nguyen,
Scientific Management Department, Dong A University, 33 Xo Viet Nghe Tinh, Hai Chau District, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam.

Hoang Duc Nguyen,
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Nguyen Van Cu-227, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 72711, Vietnam and Vietnam National University, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City 71308, Vietnam.

Linh Thuoc Tran,
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Nguyen Van Cu-227, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 72711, Vietnam and Vietnam National University, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City 71308, Vietnam.

Kim Thuong Pham Van,
School of Medicine & Pharmacy, The University of Danang, Hoa Quy, Ngu Hanh Son District, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam.

Manh Hung Tran,
School of Medicine & Pharmacy, The University of Danang, Hoa Quy, Ngu Hanh Son District, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V4/article/view/7585

Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activities and Phytochemical screening of the Leaf Extract of Mitracarpus scaber | Chapter 07 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 2

 The goal of this study is to determine the antimicrobial properties of Mitracarpus scaber leaf extract. The findings show that it inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Trychophyton mentagraphytes at various concentrations. During the phytochemical screening, secondary metabolites such as steroids, reducing sugars, alkaloids, tannins, tepenoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, and general glycosides were found. This shows that Mitracarpus scaber might be utilised as part of a herbal mixture to treat bacterial and fungal skin infections.

Author(S) Details

M. Oghenejobo
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

K. E. Uvieghara
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

E. Omughele
Department of Pharmacognosy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V2/article/view/6707

Pharmacological and Therapeutic Aspects of Diosgenin: A Prospects for Its Pharmaceutical Development| Chapter 14 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol.9

 Diosgenin is a steroidal saponin found in beans and yams that has been used to cure a variety of ailments including leukaemia, inflammation, hypercholesterolemia, and cancer. It has been shown to be a gastro- and hepato-protective, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and Vaso-dilatory substance in addition to being a lactation aid. It's also a starting point for the creation of steroidal hormones. As a result of this background, the focus of this chapter is on diosgenin's pharmacological properties, which clearly support its clinical therapeutic application.

Author(s) Details:

Manobharathi Vengaimaran,
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.

Kalaiyarasi Dhamodharan,
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.

Mirunalini Sankaran,
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V9/article/view/5884

Global Trends in Orthodox and Traditional Treatment of Selected Infectious and Non-infectious Diseases | Book Publisher International

In the option of care for many diseased conditions, the use of orthodox or western medicine, there is an age-long controversy. Religion, economic consideration, cultural impact and trust influence the option of the right medical care globally. The conventional medicine treatment that works for them gradually over the years is produced by various global locations. The extensive use of conventional medicine by societies around the world highlights its relevance and the need for continuous updates of a variety of endemic conditions on the predominant global traditional care. Therefore, this book discusses the treatment of conventional medicine for selected infectious (malaria, tuberculosis, cholera) and non-infectious (cancer, infertility, hypertension) diseases in different parts of the world.

Author(s) Details

Emily Longo
Vassar College, Biology / Science, Technology & Society, USA.

Connor McShaffrey
Vassar College, Biology / Science, Technology & Society, USA.

Alexis Alexander
Vassar College, Biology / Science, Technology & Society, USA.

Rayya Brooks
Vassar College, Biology / Science, Technology & Society, USA.

Kathryn Burke
Vassar College, Biology / Science, Technology & Society, USA.

Clare Padrick
Vassar College, Biology / Science, Technology & Society, USA.

Yura Kim
Vassar College, Biology / Science, Technology & Society, USA.

Funmilola Ayeni
Vassar College, Biology / Science, Technology & Society, USA.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/GTOTTSIND/issue/view/11