Response of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan L.) Intercropping System under North Eastern Ghat of Odisha, India | Chapter 11 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

 

The present study highlights the response of the cropping system to find out suitable row proportions of turmeric and Pigeon-pea with additive and replacement series. Intercropping farming is considered very useful in dealing with such challenges. In pigeon pea growing areas of the country, farmers often plant pigeon pea on the bunds of paddy fields. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) is a significant cash crop cultivated by tribal farmers of Odisha for their sustenance. Despite favorable agro-climatic conditions, turmeric productivity lags considerably behind the national average, standing at 2.4t/ha compared to the national average of 5.1t/ha. The present study was carried out during 2021-22 and 2022 -23 kharif seasons to evaluate the performance of the cropping system to find out suitable planting geometry and row proportions at the Regional Research Technology and Transfer Station (RRTTS), G. Udayagiri, Kandhamal, Odisha. Experimental Design was a Randomized Block Design with three replications and eight treatments. Fresh rhizome (106.04 q/ha) in Sole crop of turmeric and pigeon pea grain (14.07 q/ha) produced the highest yield when compared with other intercropping systems. Turmeric +Pigeon pea (10:2) geometry gave the highest net return and benefit cost ratio over other intercropping system. Research findings indicate that this specific planting pattern promotes synergy between turmeric and pigeon peas, leading to mutually beneficial growth and development. The study recommended that response of the cropping system to find out suitable row proportions of turmeric and Pigeon pea with additive and replacement series in multilocational trials and farmers field.

 

Author(s) Details

D. K. Debata

RRTTS, G. Udayagiri (OUAT), Kandhamal-762100, Odisha, India.

L. K. Das

College of Agriculture (OUAT), Bhawanipatna, Kalahandi-766001, Odisha, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v2/1403

Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin on the Body Weight of Male Albino Wistar Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid Based Mosquito Vaporizers Fumes: An Experimental Study | Chapter 11 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 5

 

Introduction: Pyrethroid based mosquito vaporisers are commonly used as Personal Protective Measures (PPM) to avoid mosquito-borne diseases. Effective control of mosquito-borne diseases with the use of general public health measures is yet to be achieved in our country, so there is increasing use of PPM like mosquito coils, liquid vaporisers, mats, and insecticide-treated bed nets in the Indian population but data regarding the safety profile of PPM is still scarce. Curcumin is the main biologically active phytochemical component of turmeric. Extensive studies within the last half a century have demonstrated the protective action of curcumin in almost all the disorders of the body. The molecule is known to possess anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-cytotoxic and many other useful properties. The molecule is known to possess neuroprotective properties as well [1].

Aim: To analyse the change in the body weight of male albino wistar rats exposed to pyrethroid based mosquito vaporizers and the protective role of turmeric with withdrawal effect.

Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study on a total of 24 male albino Wistar rats from July 2015 to October 2016. They were randomly divided into groups I, II, III and IV. Each group contained six rats. Group I animals served as control, Group II animals were exposed to mosquito vaporiser, 8 hours/day for six days in a week for 90 days, Group III received the same treatment as group II and thereafter retained for 4 weeks of withdrawal to see the reversal changes and Group IV is exposure along with turmeric administration in a dose of 20mg/kg body weight orally. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Comparison of body weight among different groups at different time intervals is done by paired t-test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant.

Results: Pyrethroid exposure results in reduced weight gain in exposed group rats. The mean difference in body weight between groups I and II, I and III and I and IV at the end of study was 37.32±24.47gm (p=0.443), 42.02±24.47gm (p=0.343) and 8.29±25.67gm (p=0.988). Weight gain in all the group rats was almost similar till the 8th post-exposure week, after that from the 9th week onwards decremented trend in weight was seen in groups II and III but the group IV rats showed an increasing trend in weight gain.

Conclusion: The assessment suggests that inhalation of pyrethroid based mosquito vaporisers fumes has toxic effects, reflected as reduced weight gain following subchronic exposure and one-month withdrawal is not a sufficient time to overcome the damage induced by pyrethroids. Turmeric shows a protective effect which is reflected in the form of weight gain.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Swati Yadav
Department of Anatomy, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Mau, Ataria, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Rakesh Kumar Dewan
Department of Anatomy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Anita Rani
Department of Anatomy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Jyoti Chopra
Department of Anatomy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v5/8519E

Turmeric: The Ultimate Health Elixir for a Balanced Life | Chapter 3 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 6

 Turmeric, scientifically known as Curcuma longa, is a vibrant orange-yellow spice that has been a staple in cuisines worldwide for its distinctive flavour and numerous health benefits. Originating from South Asia, particularly India, turmeric is revered not only for its culinary uses but also for its medicinal and cosmetic properties. Rich in nutrients like fibre, calcium, iron, and potassium, turmeric is hailed as a superfood for its wide-ranging health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This article provides an overview of the various forms of turmeric, including raw, ground powder, essential oil, and paste, along with their uses and nutritional content. Additionally, it explores the differences between white and yellow turmeric and offers insights into selecting high-quality turmeric products. Furthermore, the article delves into the diverse types of turmeric available in India, highlighting the nutritional composition and unique features of each variety. Special emphasis is placed on Lakadong turmeric, renowned for its exceptionally high curcumin content and therapeutic properties. From improving liver function to reducing the risk of chronic diseases, turmeric offers a myriad of health benefits, making it an essential addition to a healthy lifestyle. However, it is essential to be mindful of potential side effects and precautions while incorporating turmeric into one's diet or skincare regimen. Overall, turmeric stands as a versatile and indispensable ingredient that not only enhances the flavour of dishes but also promotes overall well-being and vitality.

Author(s) Details:

Bandana Chatterjee,
Allahabad University, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V6/article/view/14925

A Review on the Antibacterial Property of Curcuma longa L. | Chapter 1 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 1

 The utilization of herbal products as therapeutics and nutraceuticals is becoming more prevalent in today’s world. Novel medicinal plants with their natural biomolecules are being analysed to provide effective alternative to the synthetic chemical drugs being used in disease treatments. The present review is a comprehensive enumeration of the reports of antibacterial potential of turmeric - Curcuma longa L., which also has a number of other various pharmacological activities. The significant pharmacological properties of the plant are by virtue of the polyphenolic compounds, curcumin. The investigations already done by different workers have emphasized the remarkable potential of turmeric extract, both aqueous and alcoholic, to inhibit bacterial growth. The essential oil extract of the rhizome and leaves of turmeric have been reported to show remarkable inhibitory effect on a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This plant proved to be a promising candidate for usage as an antibacterial product in many endodontic treatment cases. The evidences provided in this review would encourage more experimental approaches regarding the antibacterial activity of C. longa in diverse fields using modern techniques like nanotechnology.

Author(s) Details:

Sonali Ray,
Department of Botany, Surendranath College, Kolkata-700009, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RPMAB-V1/article/view/13758

Determination of Antibacterial Evaluation, Phytochemical Screening and Ascorbic Acid Assay of Turmeric (Curcuma longa)| Chapter 10 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol.1

The microbiological susceptibility of an ethanolic extract of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) was investigated using the agar well diffusion method. The extract was found to be active against the bacteria tested, inhibiting all of them, with Shigella flexneri having the highest inhibition zone of 13.7mm and Staphylococcus epidermis having the lowest inhibition zone of 2.3mm. The values of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) range from 6.25 mg/ml to 200 mg/ml. Shigella flexneri had a MIC of 6.25mg/ml, S. aureus and K. pneumoniae had a MIC of 25mg/ml, E. coli had a MIC of 50mg/ml, S. epidermis, Lactobacillus, and P. aeruginosa had a MIC of 100mg/ml, and V. cholera and S. typhi had a Phytochemistry was also used to screen secondary metabolites. The ethanolic extract was tested for fourteen (14) secondary metabolites. Turmeric's antimicrobial effect is indicated by the presence of phytochemicals such as tannins, alkaloids, phenols, steroids, flavonoids, phlobatannin, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, triterpenes, saponin, and others. The extract contained 66.749 mg of ascorbic acid per 100 mL, which is comparable to numerous fruits advised by dieticians. Curcumin present (Rf value 0.436) has a value that is similar to that of pure curcumin. The first findings indicate that Turmeric has a high therapeutic potential in both pharmaceutical and pharmacological formulations. It is therefore recommended that further research be done on it for its use as a plant medicinal, particularly at this time when herbal medications are becoming increasingly important as antimicrobials.

Author(s) Details:

Michael Oghenejobo,
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Delta State University, Nigeria.


O. A. Opajobi,
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Delta State University, Nigeria.


U. S. Oghenejobo Bethel,
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Delta State University, Nigeria.


U. E. Uzuegbu,
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Delta State University, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V1/article/view/6241

Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis: Comparison of Different Non Surgical Modalities| Chapter 10 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 10

 Context: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a recurrent, dynamic, irreversible, highly potent precancerous disease defined by inflammatory juxta-epithelial reaction and progressive submucosal tissue fibrosis (lamina propria and deeper connective tissues). The disease is associated with oral cancers and is associated with the chewing of isca nuts, the primary component of betel quid. The efficacy of intraoral administration of vitamin B in combination with lycopene with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide in combination with hyaluronidase and the oral vitamin B complex with lycopene has been compared with various treatment modalities. Objectives: To compare and evaluate a simple, secure and non-invasive oral submucous fibrosis treatment technique. Materials and Methods: 30 patients in total of OSMF clinically diagnosed patients. There were 10 patients in each group, with an age ranging from 30 to 75 years. For both patients, a comprehensive case history was carried out along with a formal clinical review. On the initial visit, the interincisional opening of the mouth was reported. Each group of patients received three weeks of different therapeutic modalities, and mouth opening was assessed after three weeks of comparable modalities. Community A Patients have been told to use Turmeric and Jaggery Application mixture twice a day during the day.  Via the oral mucosa. Group B patients were advised twice a day to use Topical Kenacort Treatment, and Group C patients were advised twice a day to conduct physiotherapy exercise. After a duration of three weeks, the patients were recalled and their inter-incisional mouth opening was registered. Using SPSS version 19, the statistical calculation was completed. Results: 30-45 years - Application of kenacort was found to be suitable for the best treatment modality for this age group as it demonstrated a very good prognosis for inter-incisional opening of the mouth. 46-75 years - Jaggery and turmeric application were found to be the best treatment modality for this age group, as the interincisional mouth opening showed a very strong prognosis. Conclusion: Jaggery and turmeric application in our research group has been found to be the most easily efficient and safe treatment modality for OSMF patients.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Abhijeet Sande
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Satara (District), Maharashtra (State), India.

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