Aim: To explore the antimicrobial potential sand phytochemical composition of Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus niger.
Study Design: The dried Ocimum
tenuiflorum leaves were extracted using decoction and digestion methods.
Preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extracts was conducted.
The antibacterial activity of the extracts was analyzed using the agar
diffusion method, followed by determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
(MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The poisoned food
technique was employed to assess the fungicidal activity of the extracts
against Aspergillus niger. All
experiments were conducted in triplicate, and the average values were depicted
graphically.
Place and Duration of Study: Sahrdaya College of Engineering and
Technology, Kodakara, and Centre for Research on Molecular and Applied
Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, from May to August 2023.
Methodology: Dried Ocimum
tenuiflorum leaves were extracted by decoction and digestion methods.
Preliminary qualitative analysis was performed to identify various
phytochemicals. The extracts were evaluated for their MIC and MBC/MFC against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus niger.
Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that both
types of extracts contained alkaloids and steroids. Flavonoids and terpenoids
were exclusive to the decoction extract, while saponins were found only in the
digestion extract. Both extracts exhibited increased zones of inhibition (ZOI)
against Aspergillus niger, followed by Staphylococcus
aureus and Escherichia coli. The
MIC for the decoction extract was 250 µg/mL against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, while the MIC for
the digestion extract was 500 µg/mL. The decoction extract demonstrated an
inhibition rate of 52.692% at a concentration of 125 µg/mL against Aspergillus niger.
Conclusion: The findings of this study provide valuable insights
into the pharmacological properties of Ocimum
tenuiflorum, paving the way for further research on its potential
therapeutic applications and role as a natural preservative. The presence of
diverse phytochemicals, coupled with observed antimicrobial effects, suggests
its potential for multifaceted therapeutic benefits.
Author
(s) Details
Sangeetha
Gopal
Department of Biotechnology, Sahrdaya College of Engineering and
Technology, Kodakara, Affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University,
Thiruvananthapuram, India.
Leon
Ittiachen
Department of Biotechnology, Sahrdaya College of Engineering and
Technology, Kodakara, Affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University,
Thiruvananthapuram, India.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-49238-47-3/CH12
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