Background: Obesity has emerged as a public health crisis in many populations including Sudanese. Adipose tissue produces several adipokines, one of them is adiponectin which has attracted much attention due to its anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic effects. Adipose tissue is a key endocrine organ that communicates with the brain, muscles, liver, and pancreas, thereby maintaining energy homeostasis. Obesity is a frequent comorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and it has been estimated that at least 90% of these patients are overweight or obese (Alberti et al., 2005). The risks of many complications and comorbidities (e.g., cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease) are considerably increased in patients with T2DM who have concomitant obesity.
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the level of Resistine,
Fasting Blood Glucose and Adiponectin in overweight, obese versus normal weight
females and compare with the BMI.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional-case-control study,
the target population, is a total of 204 Sudanese females that were recruited
to participate in this study (102 overweight, obese versus 102 non-overweight,
and non-obese), aged 20-50 years and venous blood samples were collected.
Plasma levels of blood glucose were measured using the particle-enhanced
immunoturbidimetric assay method Cobas C-311®, while adiponectin and
resistine were estimated by ELISA Kits. Anthropometric measurements, including
height and weight, were taken using standard protocols. BMI was calculated as
weight (in kilograms) divided by height (in meters squared). The mean and SD
were obtained, and "t"-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)
were used for comparison. Linear regression was also used for correlation.
p-value was obtained to assess the significance of the results (p < 0.05 was
significant).
Results: According to these, results observed significant
differences between the means of FBG, adiponectin, resistine, and BMI compared
with normal weight, overweight, and obese respectively. (FBG in normal weight
(127 ± 16.7), FBG in over weight (153 ± 19.2), FBG in obese (189 ± 22.7), P =
0.037, adiponectin in normal weight (11.2 ± 1.9), adiponectin in over weight
(9.7 ± 1.6), adiponectin in obese (6.1 ± 1.5), P = 0.043, resistine in normal
weight (12.8 ± 1.1), resistine in over weight (14.2 ± 2.7), resistine in obese
(18.2 ± 2.9), P = 0.021, BMI in normal weight (18.3 ± 1.7), BMI in over weight
(26.1 ± 2.2), BMI in obese (30.4 ± 3.7), P = 0.006). In this study, the results
show a strong negative correlation between the levels of serum adiponectin and
FBG, adiponectin, and resistine (p = 0.013, r = -7.9) (p = 0.019, r = -6.6),
while showing in the other side strong positive correlation between the levels
of serum resistine and FBG (p = 0.015, r = 6.0).
Conclusion: The findings suggested that, in patients
diagnosed T2DM, adipocytokine concentrations (resistin and adiponectin)
differed between patients who had normal BMI and those who were obese. This
study concluded that the level of Resistine and Fasting Blood Glucose increased
and Adiponectin was reduced in obese compared to non-obese females, Diabetic
Patient Type2.
Author (s) Details
Salah Eldin Omar
Hussein
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf
Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Abd Elgadir Alamin
Altoum
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf
Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Ahmed L. Osman
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf
Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Hassan M. K. I. Higazi
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf
Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Sara Ali
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf
Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Ayman Hussien Alfeel
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf
Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v4/3915
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