Do Cancer-associated Adipocytes Influence the Prognostic Value of Preoperative NLR? | Chapter 1 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 5

 

Background: Increasing evidence has suggested that the host inflammatory status is associated with the prognosis of a number of solid tumours and that many cancers are inflammation-related. Preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) turned out to be a routinely available prognostic biomarker, useful predictor of postoperative survival for patients with various tumours, including gastric cancer (GC). However, there are some doubts concerning the prognostic value of preoperative NLR. GC is a tumour type that grows in the anatomical vicinity of adipose tissue, expansion of which causes adipose dysfunction and inflammation to increase systemic levels of proinflammatory factors. A key role in this mechanism seems to be played by the onset of low-grade systemic inflammation.

 

Aim: The aim of this study was to find out whether there is a relationship between the prognosis of disease outcome due to the value of NLR and the density of adipocites (CAAs) in the primary tumor of patients with GC.

 

Materials and Methods: A total of 171 patients with GC were eligible for retrospective analysis between 2009 and 2015. NLR was easily obtained from a routine peripheral blood test. Immunohistochemical examination of tumour tissue has been applied. All statistical analyses were conducted.

 

Results: The Low prognostic value of NLR is the most reliable for the favourable outcome for patients having a low density of CAAs in tumour. Patients with a high density of CAAs have a very high risk of dying, and that does not depend on the value of NLR.

 

Conclusion: Prognosis due to the value of preoperative NLR is essentially modified by the tumour CAA density, which is the basis for additional identification of patients with an unfavourable outcome of disease and the risk of mortality. It is the evidence for the expediency of the evaluation of tumour CAA density in operation material, and clinicians need to consider tumour CAA density for decisions on treatment strategy.

 

 

Author(s) Details

L. Bubnovskaya
R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.

 

I. Ganusevich
R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.

 

S. Merentsev
City Clinical Oncological Center, Kyiv, Ukraine.

 

D. Osinsky

City Clinical Oncological Center, Kyiv, Ukraine.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v5/5876

Evaluating the Validity of Ahara and Vihara in Ayurveda: Non-Adherence to their Principles as Risk Factors for Disease | chapter 7 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 2

The chronic disease crisis has afflicted humanity for many years. As an insight, diseases related to metabolic syndrome such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are proving particularly costly, with costs predicted to spiral out of control, particularly in countries in South and East Asia. In Ayurveda, such disease crisis are explained in terms of imbalances in patients’ physiological regulatory systems. Life-style habits—such as smoking, alcohol intake, no exercise etc.—are well-known risk factors for disease, often understood as effects of particular molecules. Patients’ life-styles tend to create ongoing strain on physiological regulation, so that restoring patients’ regulatory systems to states of natural homeostatic and allostatic balance is necessary to restore health. Systems of traditional medicine advise on habits like Yoga practice, timings of meals, retiring to bed and rising. This study present a non-rigorous demonstration of how such influences can be subject to usual contingency table risk-factor analysis. Data were collected from patients at Rasähära Kendra clinics in the city of Bhopal, who completed questionnaires on life-style and health-related habits, health history and current status. Supplementary data was obtained from independently interviewed citizens of Bhopal. Classic risk factor analysis was carried out by using categorical Yes/No variables answering the two questions. The data were analyzed using Excel and pad. The result indicated that a variety of diet and lifestyle factors considered important in South Asian Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) systems of medicine like Ayurveda and Yoga may be shown to influence values of BMI considered important in metabolic syndrome, and various aspects of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Although non-rigorous, results demonstrate how such methods may validate life-style factors from traditional medicine: not observing them increases disease susceptibility. The study concluded that it is practical to obtain and analyse data testing influences of lifestyle factors on the aetiology of various diseases and their complications, as suggested by Ayurveda, and indeed other TCAM systems. Further, more rigorous research should be implemented to validate these findings.

 

Author (s) Details

Purnima Datey
S-VYASA, Bangalore, India.

 

Alex Hankey
S-VYASA, Bangalore, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v2/5406

 

Relationship of BMI and rs12255372 TCF7L2 Polymorphism on the Conversion to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Lactating Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes | Chapter 2 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 13

Women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM) have a high risk of developing postpartum type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several reports have shown that approximately 50% of women with GDM will develop diabetes within 5 years. There are other risk factors for postpartum diabetes as a family history of diabetes, pre-pregnancy and postpartum body mass index, dietary patterns, physical activity, and breastfeeding. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between BMI and rs12255372 TCF7L2 polymorphisms in the conversion to T2DM in lactating women with pGDM. One hundred and fifty-three women con pGDM were recruited from public hospitals of León, Guanajuato, México. Three groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and T2DM after the oral glucose tolerance test were formed. All women were interviewed and asked about their glycemic control and the time since their last glucose test. Serum glucose concentrations and lipid profiles were measured using enzymatic methods with an analyser. Metabolic and hormone variables were measured, and genotyping was performed. The questionnaire included data on lactation (yes/no), duration of lactation, and full lactation. After 35 (21–49) months from the last partum, 54% of women had an NGT, 30.7% IGT, and 15% T2DM. BMI and rs12255372 are associated with the risk of conversion to IGT and T2DM [OR = 1.07 (95% IC 1.0–1.14, p = 0 .041, OR = 2.14, 95% IC 1.01–4.55, p = 0 .04 respectively), while the lactation shows a strong protective effects OR = 0.15 (95% IC 0.062–0.39, p = 0.00007), and an apparent interaction with rs12255372T decreasing the risk in carriers (OR = 2.15, 95% IC 0.97–4.7, p = 0 .05). BMI is an independent risk factor of IGT/T2DM development. Both sporadic and long-term breastfeeding are associated with a lower risk of T2DM and a better metabolic profile in women with a history of GDM. The multivariate analysis revealed that both BMI and the rs12255372 predicted the conversion to IGT and T2DM in women with pGDM.  The lactation shows a strong protective effect and a possible interaction with rs12255372 polymorphism. In conclusion, it means that lactation and polymorphism share variability by means of an interaction of an unidentified nature. Further studies are necessary to confirm a possible interaction of rs12255372 TCF7L2 with full breastfeeding and lactation duration.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Ruth Reyes-López
Department of Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Leon Campus, Mexico.

 

Elva Perez-Luque
Department of Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Leon Campus, Mexico.

 

Juan Manuel Malacara
Department of Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Leon Campus, Mexico.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v13/5153

Unraveling the Weighty Enigma: Exploring the Intricate Relationship between Obesity and Intracerebral Hemorrhage | Chapter 4 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

Introduction: Obesity is a global health concern with significant implications for various medical conditions, including cerebrovascular diseases. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), characterized by bleeding within the brain parenchyma, is a severe form of stroke. While obesity is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, its specific relationship with ICH is not well understood. This study aims to explore how obesity influences the incidence, severity, and outcomes of ICH.

Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at D.Y. Patil Medical College, and Hospital Kolhapur, from 2019-2023. The cohort included 500 ICH patients, with detailed clinical and demographic data collected. Statistical analyses, including logistic regression and survival analysis, assessed the relationship between obesity and ICH incidence, severity, short-term survival, and long-term outcomes.

Results: Obesity was significantly associated with an increased incidence of ICH. Interestingly, obese patients showed a short-term survival advantage, with lower mortality rates in the weeks following ICH. However, this benefit diminished over time, with no significant differences in long-term outcomes across BMI categories. Obese patients did not exhibit greater ICH severity or complications compared to non-obese patients.

Conclusion: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of ICH and a paradoxical short-term survival advantage. However, this benefit fades over time, emphasizing the need for continued monitoring and tailored interventions in obese ICH patients.

 

Author (s) Details

Sagar Goya
D. Y. Patil Medical College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

 

Gayatri G. Dhavalshankh
Department of Pharmacology, D. Y. Patil Medical College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

 

Sheetal
Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.

 

Ganesh P. Dhavalshank
Department of Dermatology, D. Y. Patil Medical College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

 

Archana G. Dhavalshankh
Department of Pharmacology, D. Y. Patil Medical College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v2/2938

The Analysis of the Risk Management in Child Obesity Using Deep Learning Neural Network | Chapter 21 | Innovative Solutions: A Systematic Approach towards Sustainable Future

The research proposal is to manage and monitor the obesity in children by the huge database. The data base meticulously analyses the data and interpret it and derive complete details about the growth process in children by using the neural network model that identifies the obesity risk. The model then dutifully alerts parents when there is an observable increase in the child's weight, advising them proactively on what measures need to be taken to address and mitigate this weight gain. In addition to tracking the child's physical activity, the device provides parents with graphs and reports that show how the child has been performing.

The study aims at developing a neural network weights model to recognize the risk of obesity by considering the parameters like Body mass index, physical fitness level, normal heart beat rate, jumping points. The model will be trained and tested on a dataset of medical data. The performance of the model will be assessed in terms of accuracy, precision, and recall. The model will then be used to classify people into risk categories. The model will be trained using supervised learning techniques, with the relevant parameters as input and the obesity risk as the output. The model will then be tested on the dataset to evaluate the accuracy, precision, and recall. Finally, the model will be used to classify people into risk categories.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Ramesh
Department of Civil, Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India.

 

Divyashree D V
Department of Management studies, MES Institute of Management, Bangalore, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-49238-47-3/CH21

Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: Challenges and Need for Follow-up | Chapter 1 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 2

Osteoarthrosis of knee joint, major indication for total knee replacement (TKR). TKR was one of the most elective operations globally. Multiple factors including Obesity, and preoperative lumbar spine disorders influence post-TKR outcomes. Lifelong follow-ups are required to combat falls, low back ache, obesity, chronic pain, and functional activities for post-TKR. 10 years post-TKR subject developing low back ache was getting treated for 2 years with specific advanced patient-centric physiotherapeutic means. The results of this non-pharmacological therapy were discussed with evidence. The findings of this presentation insist on longitudinal, lifelong follow-up of health care experts, and better living of post-TKR subjects.

 

Author (s) Details

S. S. Subramanian
Sree Balaji College of Physiotherapy, Chennai - 100, India and Constituent to (Bharath) University, BIHER, Chennai -73, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v2/3602

Serum Magnesium Levels in Pre-diabetics and Its Correlation to Body Mass Index | Chapter 13 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 8

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide and recent estimates indicate that one out of three people will develop diabetes during their lifetime. Diabetes is a growing public health burden across the world, particularly in developing countries. Homeostasis of trace elements such as magnesium has been found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic complications. Studies have found out an association between serum magnesium and incident diabetes; where diabetes may induce urinary magnesium loss. However, in pre-diabetes, serum glucose levels are below the threshold for urinary magnesium wasting and hence unlikely to influence serum magnesium levels. This study was done to assess their serum magnesium levels and find their correlation.
 
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 120 pre-diabetic subjects. Pre-diabetes was diagnosed as per ADA guidelines and body mass index was calculated according to Asian guidelines of BMI. Serum magnesium levels were done for all of them and statistically analysed to correlate the serum magnesium with body mass. All the statistical data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences.
 
Results: The present study observed that 69 out of 120 pre-diabetics, 57.5% have low magnesium levels. This study showed that 57.5% of pre-diabetics have normal body mass index, out of which more than half of them have normal serum magnesium. But out of 12 obese pre-diabetics, 11 had low serum magnesium 91.6%. (P value 0.026 which is statistically significant).
 
Conclusions: This study observed that serum magnesium levels are low in Pre-diabetics. Significant hypomagnesemia has been seen in pre-diabetics with high BMI compared to those with normal BMI. Further studies will be needed to elaborate on this association, monitoring the diets and physical activity in a larger population.

Author(s) Details:

Ajeesh Koshy,
Department of Medicine, Pushpagiri Medical College, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India.

Roshan M.,
Department of Medicine, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V8/article/view/13554

Determination of Hyperuricemia and its Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Adult Yemeni People in Sana’a City, Yemen | Chapter 12 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 8

 This chapter aimed to investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia in sample of Yemeni adult individual and its relationship to certain cardiovascular risk factors namely obesity, hypertension, serum glucose, total cholesterol, high serum triglyceride, Low High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C) and high Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C). Hyperurecemia is metabolic problem that has become increasingly worldwide over the past several decades and it's the most risk factor for gout. Over the past few decades, hyperuricemia-a metabolic condition-has become more prevalent all over the world. It is more common in both developed and developing nations, such as Yemen. This was across sectional population based study conducted in Sana'a city for a period of 16 months from April 2017 to August 2018, a sample of 600 adult Yemeni people (275 male and 325 female aged ≥ 18 years) was randomly selected from those attending Al-Kuwait University Hospital and Consultation Clinic. All the study groups undergo full clinical history and examination includes measurement of BP and BMI, WC and the following laboratory investigation (FBS, Basal serum uric acid level, total cholesterol, serum TG, HDL and LDL).

The prevalence of hyperuricemia in this study was 8.8% (11.6% male and 6.4% female). The serum uric acid level in this study was significantly correlated with age, Waist Circumference (WC), SBP, DBP, FBS, T-cholesterol, TG and LDL but not with HDL. Elevation of the serum uric acid level has been known associated with major cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and obesity, which are hallmarks of metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, methods for the early identification, management, and prevention of hyperurecemia are desperately needed since they may help lower the risk of serious side effects such chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammed Ahmed Bamashmos,
Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Sana'a University, Yemen.

Khaled Al-Aghbar,
Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Sana'a University, Yemen.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V8/article/view/13524

Influence of Body Mass Index on Balance in Healthy Young Adults | Chapter 4 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 1

Balance is the capacity to maintain a stable base of support with minimum movement. The balance in the human body is frequently classified as static and dynamic. One of the major influencing factors for maintaining balance in normal healthy individuals is body mass index (BMI). A total of 127 participants, 105 females and 22 males between the age group 18 to 29 years volunteered for study. In the study Normal BMI Group comprises of 70 participants Whereas, Overweight BMI Group consisted of 57 participants. when static balance was compared between subjects with normal and overweight BMIs, the findings revealed a significant difference.

Author(s) Details:

Dhwani Chanpura,
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

Naongmuong A. Chang,
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V1/article/view/13001

Testing the Influence of Socio-cultural Factors on Body Image Satisfaction among School Going Teenage Girls | Chapter 3 | Novel Research Aspects in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 5

 Objective of the following society based research search out test the influence of socio-cultural determinants on body figure issue among adolescent daughters in rural area as more worries and less delight about body concept are found in adolescents. The relatives, the publishing, the peers and the community all have an affect body shape vindication. But the greatest influence is that of the publishing and the community through standardising a “thin ideal” for female advantage.Body image is what one think and feel when individual look in the mirror or when individual picture oneself in mind. Body countenance issues with adolescents are a ordinary problem. These issues influence adolescent girls as well the boys. The prominence on thinness and on an ideal female carcass shape and size is concerning matter and psychologically disadvantageous to the health of many young wives. A cross-sectional study was administered in block Lakhanmajra, District Rohtak, Haryana. Adolescent girls in group of same status 13-19 years examining in class VIII to class XII in 10 government and private senior subordinate schools were included in the study. The total sample of 500 scholars was included in the study. The verdicts of the study show that 20.2% adolescent girls acted not like their appearance when they opportunity the mirror and thus had frame image unhappiness. 88.0% adolescent girls were quenched with their pressure and 12.0% were dissatisfied. 80.0% of the study cases who were unhappy with their frame weight had common age specific BMI principles. Only 20% of the adolescent girls the one were not satisfied accompanying their weight were thin or overweight.

Author(s) Details:

Vinay,
Department of Community Medicine, Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NRAMMS-V5/article/view/12163

BMI and Circulating Adipocytokine Markers in Insulin Resistance Females with Type 2 Diabetes | Chapter 1 | Novel Aspects on Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 3

 The present study determines to assess by means of what Insulin Resistance females accompanying Type 2 diabetes' levels of resistine, fasting blood glucose, and adiponectin distinguished to their BMI. Obesity has emerged as a community health crisis in many peoples including Sudanese. Adipose fabric produces several adipokines, one of bureaucracy is adiponectin which has engaged much attention by way of its antidiabetic and antiatherogenic belongings. A total of 205 Sudanese women betwixt the ages of 35 and 64 were recruited to participate in this explanatory cross-sectional study. Adiponectin and resistine concentrations were contingent upon ELISA Kits, and plasma levels of level of glucose in blood were determined by utilizing the particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay order Cobas C-311®.  Observed from these results significant dissimilarity between the resources of fasting level of glucose in blood (FBG), adiponectin, resistine and BMI classified in accordance with WHO body mass index categorization (underweight, active weight, corpulent, obesity and dissociate obesity). In this study, the results show powerful negative Correlation between the levels of serum Adiponectin and Fasting Blood Glucose. (P.worth = 0.013, r = -7.9), Adiponectin and Resistine. (P.value = 0.019, r = -6.6). In the opposite strong certain Correlation between the levels of antitoxin Resistine and Fasting Blood Glucose. (P.value = 0.015, r = 6.0). Observed from this results negative Relationship between the mean of BMI distinguished with the record of the patient/ years.The study told that BMI had an impact on the levels of adipocytokines and raised the risk of insulin resistance in women with Type 2 diabetes by increasing the level of resistin, abstaining blood glucose, and lowering adiponectin in various groups top-secret according to WHO frame mass index (BMI) classification.

Author(s) Details:

Salah Eldin Omar Hussein,
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE and University of Sciences and Technology, Sudan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAPR-V3/article/view/10876

Effect of Low Fat Diet, Almonds, Green Coffee and Mackerel Fish on Healthy Life Style | Chapter 3 | Current Perspectives in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 3

 Low-fat hypocaloric diets humble insulin resistance and forbid type 2 diabetes in those at risk. Low-carbohydrate, extreme-fat diets are advocated a suggestion of choice, but reciprocal increases in dietary fat can have detrimental belongings on insulin resistance and offset the benefits of burden reduction. Aim concerning this study is to demonstrate corresponding effects on insulin opposition of low-fat and reduced-carbohydrate diets independent of macronutrient content. The dissimilarity in augmentation index grant permission imply a negative effect of low-hydrogen diets on vascular risk.The brain is generally made up of fat and requires a constant stream of fatty acids to act optimally. There seems to exceptionally be a special protective determinant when it comes to cholesterol and the intelligence. Cholesterol has an important role as a detracting brain mineral, essential to the function of neurons and neurotransmitters, so despite what most society think, reduced cholesterol levels can be worse than extreme.

Author(s) Details:

Nawaf Safaq Alshammari,
King Abdul – Aziz Medical City, NGHA, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia.

Abeer Hassan Elhaj,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudia Arabia.

Reem Falah Alshammari,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudia Arabia.

Ebtehaj Saud Almughais,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudia Arabia.

Fatima Fahad Alreshidi,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudia Arabia.

Gamal Eldin Mohamed Osman Elhussein,
Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Hind Naif Alshammari,
Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Fahmida Khatoon Zahid Balouch,
Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Ruba Mustafa Elsaid Ahmed,
Pathology Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPAFS-V3/article/view/10234

Analyzing the Impact of Long-Lasting Changes Neurodegeneration and Role of Nutriention among Various Age Groups | Chapter 15 | Research Highlights in Disease and Health Research Vol. 3

 The process of digestive programming in the hypothalamus is established the several genes that regulated the metabolic process conditional the hypothalamus. Studies conducted earlier reported  that the verbalization of genes that can be changed apiece restriction of perinatal protein are occasionally involved in the metabolic processes regulation. The bioinformatics study of the study indicated that the limit of perinatal protein alters the expression of two deoxyribonucleic acid clusters that are responsible for regulating prevailing cellular methods. The first cluster of gene holds several gatekeeper genes that are guide the regulation of vitamin sensing and insulin indicating. On the other hand, the second cluster of gene contains a working network of co-regulators and basic receptors of transcription responsible for the use and discovery of lipid nutrients as fuel. In this phase indicated that skilled will be increase risks of acquiring diseases on account of irregular consumption of diet. These dangers contain an increased risk of diseases like liver anomalies, hypertension, lipid deposition, and so forth. It has also happened analysed in the present study that the energy equilibrium and nutrient believing controlled by the hypothalamus maybe affected by the perinatal protein limit which can result in the long-lasting changes in the various metabolic pathways.

Author(s) Details:

Reem Falah Alshammari,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Ebtehaj Saud Almughais,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Reem Ayed Alshammari,
Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Fatima Fahad Alreshidi,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Abeer Hassan Elhaj,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Hind Naif Alshammari,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Muath Naif Mubark Alzughaibi,
Medical Graduate, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Rashid Dhaher Alshammari,
Medical Graduate, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Fahmida Khatoon,
Biochemistry Department,College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Abrar Ali,
Department of Opthalmology, College of Medicine, Hail University, Saudi Arabia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHDHR-V3/article/view/9880

Analyzing the Impact of Long-Lasting Changes Neurodegeneration and Role of Nutriention among Various Age Groups | Chapter 15 | Research Highlights in Disease and Health Research Vol. 3

 The process of digestive programming in the hypothalamus is established the several genes that regulated the metabolic process conditional the hypothalamus. Studies conducted earlier reported that the verbalization of genes that can be changed for one restriction of perinatal protein are commonly involved in the metabolic processes regulation. The bioinformatics reasoning of the study indicated that the limit of perinatal protein alters the expression of two deoxyribonucleic acid clusters that are responsible for regulating prevalent cellular systems. The first cluster of gene holds several gatekeeper genes that are guide the regulation of mineral sensing and insulin indicating. On the other hand, the second cluster of gene contains a working network of co-regulators and basic receptors of transcription responsible for the use and discovery of lipid nutrients as fuel. In this stage indicated that skilled will be increase risks of acquiring diseases on account of irregular consumption of diet. These dangers contain an increased risk of diseases like liver irregularities, hypertension, lipid deposition, and so forth. It has also happened analysed in the present study that the energy equilibrium and nutrient discerning controlled by the hypothalamus maybe affected by the perinatal protein limit which grant permission result in the long-lasting changes in the various metabolic pathways.

Author(s) Details:

Reem Falah Alshammari,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Ebtehaj Saud Almughais,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Reem Ayed Alshammari,
Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Fatima Fahad Alreshidi,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Abeer Hassan Elhaj,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Hind Naif Alshammari,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, KSA.

Muath Naif Mubark Alzughaibi,
Medical Graduate, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Rashid Dhaher Alshammari,
Medical Graduate, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Fahmida Khatoon,
Biochemistry Department,College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Abrar Ali,
Department of Opthalmology, College of Medicine, Hail University, Saudi Arabia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHDHR-V3/article/view/9880

Nutritional Status of Adolescent and College Girl Students in Terms of Haemoglobin Levels and BMI | Chapter 20 | Issues and Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol.10

 A proper diet with enriched nutritious elements promotes better newborn, child, and maternal health, as well as stronger immune systems, safer pregnancy and childbirth, decreased risk of noncommunicable diseases, and longer life. Malnutrition has long been a concern throughout the world, particularly in underdeveloped nations, despite numerous research and community programmes highlighting the importance of good nutrition. Malnutrition encompasses both lack and overnutrition, with anaemia and obesity being the two most common nutritional diseases. The key causal causes for these two ailments include rapid economic expansion, urbanisation, and globalisation in many developing nations, combined with a lack of good nutrients and a high-calorie diet. The types, prevalence, and causes of anaemia, as well as the factors that lead to obesity in adolescent and college girls, are discussed in this chapter. A discussion of the link between anaemia and obesity is included, as well as various solutions to these nutritional problems.

Author(s) Details:

A. Sai Padma
 Department of Biochemistry, Bhavan’s Vivekananda College, Sainikpuri, Secunderabad-500 0 94, Telangana, India.

S. Manju Devi,
Department of Biochemistry, Bhavan’s Vivekananda College, Sainikpuri, Secunderabad-500 0 94, Telangana, India.

D. Rajani,
Department of Biochemistry, Bhavan’s Vivekananda College, Sainikpuri, Secunderabad-500 0 94, Telangana, India.

S. Vanitha,
Department of Biochemistry, Bhavan’s Vivekananda College, Sainikpuri, Secunderabad-500 0 94, Telangana, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IDMMR-V10/article/view/5835

Health Impacts of Obesity: A Modern Era Pandemic | Chapter 01 | Issues and Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 5

 Obesity is an issue that affects people all around the world. If the BMI is greater than 30, and the waist circumference is greater than 102 cm in males and >88 cm in women, it is frequently diagnosed. Obesity is a long-term condition that raises the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and a variety of cancers. It has a negative impact on one's health. It is a leading cause of disability and death around the world. It is, however, curable as well as preventable. Changing your eating habits and exercising can help you lose weight. Increasingly, therapeutic approaches and surgical procedures are being implemented. Fecal transplantation, for example, appears to be a potential new therapeutic. A weight loss of 5% to 10% of one's total body weight is metabolically healthy. Obesity prevention and weight loss in persons with a BMI greater than 30 will significantly enhance global health. It will also aid in the reduction of health-care expenses. The goal of this narrative review is to bring attention to the diagnostic criteria as well as the different factors that influence and cause obesity. It also explains the negative effects it has on humans in both health and disease. There is also a discussion of the various mitigating options available. This conversation should assist physicians in properly managing their fat patients.

Author(S) Details

Shashi K. Agarwal
Center for Contemporary and Complementary Cardiology, 2227 US Highway 1, Suite 309, North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/IDMMR-V5/article/view/5575

Determining the Relationship between Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome and Vitamin D Levels in Obese and Non Obese Women | Chapter 5 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 14

 PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is a prevalent endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age. The usual trifecta of PCOS symptoms is chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. Insulin resistance and metabolic disorders are among its biological features. In addition to its traditional roles in bone and calcium metabolism, vitamin D is now connected to insulin sensitivity, diabetes mellitus type 2 and gonadal activity. Vitamin D could be the missing piece in the puzzle of insulin resistance and PCOS.

Vitamin D levels in PCOS women are low, and vitamin D supplementation may help with the condition. However, clinical trials have not consistently supported this idea.

The connection between PCOS and vitamin D was investigated in a rural medical college in south India. 120 women with PCOS and 60 age-matched non-PCOS women had their BMI and vitamin D levels tested. In 60.8 percent of PCOS women and 61.7 percent of control women, vitamin D insufficiency was identified. Vitamin D levels are higher than 30 ng/ml in just 11.7 percent of the PCOS group and 13.3 percent of the control group. Vitamin D levels were 18.94, 19.2, and 18.6 ng/ml in 120 PCOS women, 68 non-obese PCOS women, and 52 obese PCOS women, respectively. Vitamin D levels are 18.4, 19.0, and 17.3 ng/ml in 60 non-PCOS women, 39 non-PCOS non-obesity women, and 21 non-PCOS obese women, respectively. These differences aren't significant statistically. As a result, it is determined that vitamin insufficiency is prevalent in the general population and has no bearing on PCOS or BMI.

Author(S) Details

Alla Satyanarayana Reddy
Vinayaka Mission`s Research Foundation (DU), Karaikal, Pondicherry, India.

G. Ambujam
Vinayaka Mission`s Research Foundation (DU), Karaikal, Pondicherry, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V14/article/view/4983

Association between Body Mass Index and Percent Body Fat of Adult Females | Chapter 6 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 9

 the world's leading chronic health issue among adults, including in India. While BMI is widely used as a proxy for obesity, it significantly underestimates the prevalence of obesity, which is characterised as an excess of body fat. The aim of this study was to look into the relationship between female body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%). The research was conducted in a cross-sectional manner. A group of 70 women aged 25 to 50 years old were chosen to engage in a quantitative height and weight assessment. Using normal technique and a bio-electrical impedance study to estimate body fat percent (BIA). Body fat was found to be higher in female subjects in the current study, with 70% of subjects having more than 30% body fat. According to BMI, 68 percent of subjects were overweight, and obese subjects had a lower range. As the percent BF of subjects rose, so did the percent BF of subjects. This shows that BMI and percent BF have a good relationship. This demonstrates that the statistics are concerning among women. Since obesity is the root of a variety of diseases in adults, the goal of this study is to prevent and manage this issue.

Author (s) Details
 
A. Soni
Department of Food and Nutrition, Govt. D. B. Girls P. G. College, Raipur 492001, Chhattisgarh, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V9/issue/view/56

The Application of Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering for Obesity Classification | Chapter 4 | Current Research in Science and Technology Vol. 4

Obesity is the excessive accumulation of fat in the body which adversely affects the health and wellbeing of the individual. It is a chronic and non-communicable disorder that poses socio-cultural, psychological, clinical and public health challenges. The aim of this study is to apply Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) to classify obesity and to develop a model employing Logistic regression analysis for the prediction of obesity taking advantage of the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI), Age, Waist Circumference (WC), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol. This Study was a work–site based cross sectional study carried out on one hundred and twenty (120) workers at Judiciary Service Commission, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. The Questionnaire was designed to address the background information of the respondents with respect to gender, age, job title, department and address. The respondents were anthropometrically examined and their lipid profile was estimated using the enzymatic colorimetric method. Data were analysed using the Shapiro-wilks test of normality, Agglomerative Hierarchy Cluster (AHC) analysis and Logistic regression analysis. These analyses were facilitated using XLSTAT 2016 statistical tool. On the application of the Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis obesity was classified into Clusters 1, 2 and 3 with the majority of the obesed respondents being in Cluster 1. The respondents in Cluster 1 belonged to the obesity class of overweight, while respondents in Cluster 2 are of normal weight and finally respondents in Cluster 3 belonged to obese class 1. A predictive model was developed based on Logistic regression analysis which showed a strong positive correlation between obesity and HDL-cholesterol. The high profile of cardiovascular risks identified in the study could be addressed through the provision of occupational health services of which the ultimate goal should be the maintenance of urgent comprehensive health surveillance.

Author(s) Details

Charles C. Onoh
Centre for Occupational Health, Safety and Environment, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Professor Ify L. Nwaogazie
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/176