Serum Magnesium Levels in Pre-diabetics and Its Correlation to Body Mass Index | Chapter 13 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 8

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide and recent estimates indicate that one out of three people will develop diabetes during their lifetime. Diabetes is a growing public health burden across the world, particularly in developing countries. Homeostasis of trace elements such as magnesium has been found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic complications. Studies have found out an association between serum magnesium and incident diabetes; where diabetes may induce urinary magnesium loss. However, in pre-diabetes, serum glucose levels are below the threshold for urinary magnesium wasting and hence unlikely to influence serum magnesium levels. This study was done to assess their serum magnesium levels and find their correlation.
 
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 120 pre-diabetic subjects. Pre-diabetes was diagnosed as per ADA guidelines and body mass index was calculated according to Asian guidelines of BMI. Serum magnesium levels were done for all of them and statistically analysed to correlate the serum magnesium with body mass. All the statistical data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences.
 
Results: The present study observed that 69 out of 120 pre-diabetics, 57.5% have low magnesium levels. This study showed that 57.5% of pre-diabetics have normal body mass index, out of which more than half of them have normal serum magnesium. But out of 12 obese pre-diabetics, 11 had low serum magnesium 91.6%. (P value 0.026 which is statistically significant).
 
Conclusions: This study observed that serum magnesium levels are low in Pre-diabetics. Significant hypomagnesemia has been seen in pre-diabetics with high BMI compared to those with normal BMI. Further studies will be needed to elaborate on this association, monitoring the diets and physical activity in a larger population.

Author(s) Details:

Ajeesh Koshy,
Department of Medicine, Pushpagiri Medical College, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India.

Roshan M.,
Department of Medicine, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V8/article/view/13554

The Comparative Study Showing of the Effect of Telmisartan and Ramipril on Diabetic Profile in Hypertensive Pre-Diabetic Patients | Chapter 10 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 8

 Background: Hypertension, a prevalent cardiovascular disease, is rapidly being linked to other co-morbid disorders such as diabetes mellitus, which worsens its prognosis. Telmisartan and ramipril are both antihypertensive medications. The efficacy of telmisartan and ramipril in managing or avoiding the progression of pre-diabetes to diabetes in stage 1 hypertension patients is compared in this study. It also seeks to compare the effects of Telmisartan and Ramipril on FBS and HbA1C in males and females across a 12-month treatment period.

Methods: A 12-month prospective, randomised, single-center, comparative observational study on stage 1 hypertension patients with pre-diabetes is done. A total of 60 individuals are enlisted and assigned to one of two therapy groups. They were given the designated medicine for a 12-month period and were followed up on. Blood pressure was taken and a diabetes profile was checked at each appointment.

The results of this study demonstrated that both telmisartan and ramipril efficiently regulated blood pressure. In stage 1 hypertension individuals with pre diabetes, telmisartan reduced the progression of fasting blood sugar and glycosylated haemoglobin better than ramipril.

Conclusions: Both telmisartan and ramipril had an effect on blood pressure regulation. In stage 1 hypertension patients with pre diabetes, telmisartan has a statistically significant benefit in delaying the progression of prediabetes to diabetes mellitus when compared to ramipril.

Author (s) Details

Abdullah Ansari
Department of Pharmacology, Ayaan Institute of Medical Sciences, Moinabad, Telangana, India.

Ayesha Raoof
Department of Medicine, HAL Medical Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V8/article/view/2213