Evaluation of Agronomic, Economic, and Quality Traits in Two Canola (Brassica napus L.) Genotypes under Varied Organic and Inorganic Fertility Levels in Climate Change Scenario of Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan |Chapter 4 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

 

Canola (Brassica napus L.) is an important edible oilseed crop in the World and Pakistan. It has a healthy vegetable oil because of its balance with omega 3-6-9 essential fatty acids, making canola oil a healthy vegetable oil throughout the World for the cooking and processed food industry. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) are some of the major nutrients required to significantly increase canola yield. A high-yielding canola production needs a well-balanced fertilization program. In Pakistan, the production of oil seed crops with their nutrition values could not be enhanced in accordance with domestic edible oil needs. Canola is consumed as vegetables and its edible oil is used for cooking. The agronomic and nutritional values of vegetable oils are dependent on the nature of fertilizers that are added to the soil. An experiment was launched to check the impact of various fertilizer combinations on two canola varieties at the Agronomic research area of Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. RCBD with a split-plot arrangement, having three replicates were used for the study. PARC canola (hybrid) and Faisal canola (open-pollinated) cultivars were kept in main plots, whereas various fertilizers NPK (120:60:60 kg ha-1). Rustam organo (125 kg ha-1), Bio care (125 kg ha-1), H R care (125 kg ha-1), Ferti source (125 kg ha-1), NPK + Rustam organo, NPK + Bio care, NPK + H R care, NPK + Ferti source and control (no fertilizer used) were assigned to sub-plots. The yield and yield components of canola were significantly affected by using different fertilizers and varieties. Grain yield and its components were found to be maximum in PARC hybrid Canola with NPK applied @ 120:60:60 kg ha-1. Use of organic manure (Ferti source) + half NPK (60:30:30) kg ha-1. With PARC hybrid produced statistically at par results in comparison of in-organic manure. Data also demonstrated that the balanced fertilizer application of NPK either organic or inorganic ensures good quality proteins and high values of linoleic acids such as alpha linoleic acid and gamma linolenic acid in canola oil content. In conclusion, this experiment also showed that the application of organic manures had a significant impact on canola nutrition, canola yield and soil health by increasing organic matter in the soil.

 

Author(s) Details

Iqtidar Hussain

Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University, D I Khan, KP, Pakistan.

Aqdus Zahra

Gomal Medical College, D I Khan, KP, Pakistan.

Farrukh Abbas

Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University, D I Khan, KP, Pakistan.

Syed Anis Ali Shah

University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.

Ehtesham Ul Haq

Plant Genetic Resources Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan.

Zuhair Hasnain

Department of Agronomy, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Muhammad Jawad Nazir

Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University, D I Khan, KP, Pakistan.

Muhammad Inam Ullah Qaisrani

Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University, D I Khan, KP, Pakistan.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v2/1268

 

Marine Microalgae of Bangladesh: Nutritional Profile and Application | Chapter 1 | Science and Technology: Developments and Applications Vol. 1

Microalgae are an important part of the ecosystem that absorbs carbon dioxide and produces oxygen. They also have potential use in the fields of food, feed, biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals. This chapter has described the growth, nutritional, and application of five selected commercially important microalgae (Chaetoceros sp.; Isochrysis sp.; Skeletonema sp.; Nannochloropsis sp.; and Tetraselmis sp.) of Bangladesh. The species were isolated from the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh and experimental culture and analysis were performed in Live Feed Laboratory, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. The morphological/external characters were observed under a microscope. The mass culture of the selected species was performed using the F/2 Guillards medium. The key external identifying characters are summarized. The growth cycle and nutritional profiling (protein, lipid, carbohydrate, amino acid, fatty acid) were performed and computed for each species. The chapter provides essential morphological identification features and nutritional profiles for each species. This information is important for industrial and local users, as it aids in understanding the characteristics of each species, ultimately facilitating the selection of target species.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Zahidul Islam
Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Cox’s Bazar - 4700, Bangladesh.

 

Jakia Hasan
Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Cox’s Bazar - 4700, Bangladesh.

 

Turabur Rahman
Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Cox’s Bazar - 4700, Bangladesh.

 

Shafiqur Rahman
Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Cox’s Bazar - 4700, Bangladesh.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/stda/v1/2687

Performance, Meat Composition, Oxidative Stability and Fatty Acid Profiles of Broiler Chicken Using Moringa oleifera and Spirulina platensis as Feed Additives | Chapter 11 | Contemporary Research and Perspectives in Biological Science Vol. 9

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the feeding effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal and Spirulina platensis on their performance, oxidative stability and fatty acid profiles of broiler meat. A study was conducted to determine mainly the n-3 fatty acids enrichment and decreased oxidation of broiler meat using the plant M. oleifera and a blue green algae S. platensis. The advancements in poultry research have pooled knowledge of the biochemical and physiological mechanisms that increase the efficiency of feed utilization and desired carcass attributes through dietary manipulation. The effects of the dietary treatments were evaluated in terms of growth performance, carcass and meat yields, oxidative stability and fatty acids modulation. Two hundred and forty (240) one-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were assigned to 5 dietary treatments for 5 weeks, with 4 replications having 12 chicks per replication. The diets of the treatments were formulated from the basal feed as follows: control (T₁), including 2 different levels of M. oleifera leaf meal 1% (T₂) and M. oleifera leaf meal 1.5%, (T₃) and 2 different levels of S. platensis 1% (T₄) and S. platensis 1.5% (T₅). The birds were randomly distributed in each pen, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package. The final body weight (BW) gain was significantly higher in the T₂ and T₅ groups, and the feed conversion ratio improved in the T₂ group (1.68). The results from the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances values (TBARS) test provided evidence that the additives groups could improve the oxidative stability in broiler meat. These 2 substances, M. oleifera and S. platensis, may intercept and neutralize free radicals, preventing the oxidation process propagation. The lowest (p≤ 0.05) TBARS of breast and thigh meat were obtained in T₂ groups compared to T₃-T₅ group after the second week of preservation. Regarding the fatty acid profile of breast and thigh meat, the omega-3 fatty acid levels, such as those of linolenic and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), were increased in the additive groups. The results of the present study elucidated that dietary inclusion of the 2 medicinal plants in the T₂ and T₅ groups could be promising functional ingredients to produce value-added broiler meat in terms of oxidative stability and Ω3 fatty acids enhancement. Furthermore, additives groups increased the

3 fatty acid in breast and thigh meat. Therefore, M. oleifera leaf meal and S. platensis could be promising functional ingredients in broiler chicken meat production.

 

Author(S) Details :-

Farhana Sharmin
Ministry of Science and Technology, Bangladesh Secretariat, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

 

Nathu Ram Sarker
Poultry Research Center, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh.

 

Sadman Sakib Zihan
Strengthening of Poultry Research and Development Project, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh.

 

Md. Sazedul Karim Sarker
Poultry Research Center, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpbs/v9/1836

Nutritional Aspects of Various Edible Crustaceans in India | Chapter 8 | Advanced Research in Biological Science Vol. 9

The present study highlights about stimulate interest in the fascinating group of organisms by summarizing what little we do know about lipids and fatty acids of freshwater crabs in India. We explore carbohydrate, protein and lipid contents of an animal because of utilization of those components for our betterment i.e. resource utilization for health. Thus, human exploit and incorporate many such animals in their food chain. Lipids play important roles in the metabolism and reproduction of decapods crustaceans. Indian prospect is no better where epidemic of coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes is ongoing with no signs of a recession. Edible crustaceans, including prawns, crab, shrimp, crayfish, and lobster, are a key source of nutrient-dense food for humans. The biochemical makeup of crustaceans, including their protein, amino acid, lipid, fatty acid, carbohydrate, vitamin, and mineral content, determines their nutritional value. Freshwater crabs are a cheap food source that have a lot of potential for human consumption in India, where they can be found in almost all freshwater habitats. However, basic information about these creatures, like the biochemical makeup of their body flesh and hepatopancreas, which humans can consume, is still unknown and has not been linked to any specific nutritional benefits for the Indian populace.  Freshwater crabs are neglected in various parts of world as well as in India also. But they have good quality proteins and fatty acids in their edible part. In this article, occurrence of major lipid and fatty acids were addressed. Among fatty acids, SFA especially C16 total and C18 total; MUFA, PUFA, linoleic acid (18:2ω6), linolenic acid (18:3ω3), EPA (20:5ω3) and DHA (22:6ω3) were compared in body flesh of various edible crustaceans. It was observed that Indian freshwater crab have a high content of MUFA and PUFA which makes them nutritionally attractive. The fatty acid profile exhibit a greater percentage of EPA and DHA of total fatty acids. The n3/n6 ratio maintains less than 1% in the body flesh of crabs. Exploration of the nutritional quality of freshwater crab will encourage farmers to promote freshwater crab culture in India. As well as the consumption of freshwater crab may help to prevent nutritional deficiencies in future and the topic is important for that.

Author(s) Details:

Mohua Das,
Department of Zoology, Shyampur Siddheswari Mahavidyalaya, Howrah, West Bengal, India.

K. K. Misra,
Department of Zoology, Asutosh College, Kolkata-700026, West Bengal, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ARBS-V9/article/view/13736

Effect of Low Fat Diet, Almonds, Green Coffee and Mackerel Fish on Healthy Life Style | Chapter 3 | Current Perspectives in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 3

 Low-fat hypocaloric diets humble insulin resistance and forbid type 2 diabetes in those at risk. Low-carbohydrate, extreme-fat diets are advocated a suggestion of choice, but reciprocal increases in dietary fat can have detrimental belongings on insulin resistance and offset the benefits of burden reduction. Aim concerning this study is to demonstrate corresponding effects on insulin opposition of low-fat and reduced-carbohydrate diets independent of macronutrient content. The dissimilarity in augmentation index grant permission imply a negative effect of low-hydrogen diets on vascular risk.The brain is generally made up of fat and requires a constant stream of fatty acids to act optimally. There seems to exceptionally be a special protective determinant when it comes to cholesterol and the intelligence. Cholesterol has an important role as a detracting brain mineral, essential to the function of neurons and neurotransmitters, so despite what most society think, reduced cholesterol levels can be worse than extreme.

Author(s) Details:

Nawaf Safaq Alshammari,
King Abdul – Aziz Medical City, NGHA, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia.

Abeer Hassan Elhaj,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudia Arabia.

Reem Falah Alshammari,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudia Arabia.

Ebtehaj Saud Almughais,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudia Arabia.

Fatima Fahad Alreshidi,
Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudia Arabia.

Gamal Eldin Mohamed Osman Elhussein,
Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Hind Naif Alshammari,
Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Fahmida Khatoon Zahid Balouch,
Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Ruba Mustafa Elsaid Ahmed,
Pathology Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPAFS-V3/article/view/10234

Determination of Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acid Profile and Storage Stability of Virgin Coconut Oil| Chapter 4 | Current Perspectives in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 2

 The objective concerning this work was to judge the physicochemical characteristics and storage support of virgin coconut lubricate (VCO) extracted using cold press and new press processes. Virgin coconut lubricate (VCO) was extracted from mature crazy of Cocos nucifera, using the cold and the hot process. Hot process present significantly (P0.05) various. Iodine value was 5.72 g/100 g and 6.09 g/100 g for cold pressed and passionate pressed VCO, individually. Lauric acid was the predominant oily acid in the coconut oil samples, record 49.30% in hot rushed coconut oil and 48.76% in cold rushed coconut lubricate. The melting point was erect to increase while the smoke point decreased considerably (P <0.05) for both cold rushed and hot pressed VCO later three months of storage at range temperature (28±20C). Percentage free greasy acid and peroxide values raised significantly from 0.054% to 0.742% and 1.173 mEq/kg to 2.274mEq/kg, individually, after 3 months of storage at range temperature (28±20C). The overall result accompanied that coconut is a good beginning of vegetable oil, with good consistency quality. More also, skilled isn’t much difference in the physicochemical quality of two together hot press and cold press means of extraction.

Author(s) Details:

C. O. Ajogun,
Department of Food Science and Technology, Rivers State University, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

S. C. Achinewhu,
Department of Food Science and Technology, Rivers State University, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

D. B. Kiin-Kabari,
Department of Food Science and Technology, Rivers State University, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

O. M. Akusu,
Department of Food Science and Technology, Rivers State University, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPAFS-V2/article/view/9406

Identification of Low and High Erucic Acid Containing Genotype(S) in Indian Mustard Employing Molecular Markers | Chapter 03 | Recent Progress in Plant and Soil Research Vol. 5

 The presence of erucic acid in traditional Brassica oilseeds is well-regarded as an anti-nutritional concern for human consumption, as it causes harmful effects on the heart at high enough doses. As a result, there is a compelling need to limit erucic acid content and generate low-erucic-acid cultivars using conventional and/or molecular breeding methods. When there is a wide range of genetic variety and information on these genetic endowments, crop genetic enhancement can be enhanced. On the basis of molecular markers, the current study was conducted on 48 Brassica genotypes with the goal of identifying genotypes with low and high erucic acid content. A total of 50 SSR molecular markers were chosen for genomic DNA amplification in this study. Only 23 SSR molecular markers were discovered to be polymorphic. For polymorphic SSR markers, a total of 109 alleles were identified, with an average of 4.47 alleles per locus. With a mean worth of 0.68, genetic diversity ranged from 0.55 for marker Na10-D07 to 0.77 for marker BRMS-098. The markers' polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.51 for SSR Na10-D07 to 0.73 for BRMS-098 with an average of 0.62. The dendrogram was created, and three significant groupings emerged. The majority of genotypes were grouped according to the places they established. Genotypes with low erucic acid concentration had a higher degree of similarity and were clustered together. In the future, mustard genotypes with more genetic variability and useful features may be used in crop enhancement programmes.

Author(S) Details

Chitralekha Shyam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P. India.

M. K. Tripathi
Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P., India.

Sushma Tiwari
Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P., India.

Niraj Tripathi
Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur 482004, India.

Ashok Ahuja
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P. India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RPPSR-V5/article/view/6203