Analysis of Genetic and Molecular Diversity in Green Gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) Genotypes Using SSR Markers | Chapter 1 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 5

 

Mungbean, often known as Greengram, is a member of the Leguminosae family. A study on the genetic and molecular diversity of 40 genotypes of Greengram was conducted using SSR markers. The study of molecular markers is essential to genomic research. Because of their repeatability, multiallelic nature, codominant inheritance, relative abundance, and good genomic coverage, SSRs stand out among other marker systems like restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), RAPD, sequence tagged sites (STSs), and AFLP. The experimental material contained significant genetic diversity; nevertheless, for all yield-related and yield-attributing features, phenotypic coefficient of variation exceeded genotypic coefficient of variation. The genotypes LGG 574 (8.80), PDM 139 (8.34), and Pant Mung 6 had the highest seed yields (7.78). The highest observed cluster distances were between clusters 5 and 6 (472.88) and clusters 4 and 5 (432.89). Among all the factors PC 1 to PC 10, PC 1 (19.99) accounted maximum proportion of variability in the set of all variables and the remaining components accounted for progressively lesser and lesser amounts of variation. The first six principal components (PC-1 to PC-6) with eigenvalues of 2.94, 2.62, 2.18, 1.40, 1.28, and 0.86, respectively, accounted for 86.95% of the total variance for all the qualities, according to principal component analysis. Genotypes 23, 32, 33, and 21 were spread out relatively far from other genotypes in the scatter plot, suggesting that they might be different from other genotypes. PIC values of 10 SSR loci, where the VR 86 marker produced the greatest PIC Value percentage and highest heterozygosity percent. The fixation index ranges from 1.000 to -0.076. In comparison to Cluster II, III, IV, and V, Cluster I has the most genotypes (25), and the use of SSR markers in this work to differentiate between genotypes was made possible by the high polymorphism information richness of this cluster. This study shows that SSR analysis can be used to evaluate the molecular diversity of various Greengram genotypes. For the purpose of marker-assisted breeding programmes, plant breeders highly value the information generated on marker data.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Mr. S. Shanmukha Saikumar
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj - 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Dr. P. S. Shanmugavadivel
Department of Plant Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur- 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Dr. Meenal Rathore
Department of Plant Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur- 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Dr. Meenal Rathore
Department of Plant Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur- 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Miss G. Gayathri
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj - 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v5/3498G

Assessment of Groundnut Germplasm Lines for Foliar Fungal Diseases and Population Structure Analysis using Gene Based SSR Markers| Chapter 11 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol.4

Introduction: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a valuable income crop with several uses for each plant component. Groundnut rust and late leaf spot (LLS) are two major foliar fungal diseases that can reduce yields by up to 70%. Fungicide use is costly and harmful to the environment; thus, developing new cultivars with genetic resistance is a more sustainable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective way.

The goal of this study was to use allele specific molecular markers to screen groundnut germplasm lines for foliar fungal infections (LLS and rust).

The current study included 30 uncharacterized germplasm lines and four peanut check variants. Groundnut germplasm lines were screened against foliar fungal diseases such as LLS and rust using a set of four gene-based SSR molecular markers.

Results: A total of 14 alleles were found for polymorphic SSR markers, with an average of 3.5 alleles per locus. The gene diversity and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values varied from 0.3972-0.5778, with an average of 0.47. The genetic relationships between peanut genotypes are represented in a UPGMA tree based on SSRs. Based on origin, four primary demographic groupings were constructed using principal coordinate analysis (PCA). STRUCTURE v2.3.3 software based on SSR markers was used to examine the population structure of the 34 genotypes. Structure Harvester was used to find the optimum K value, and the largest peak was found at delta K = 2. Based on maximum likelihood and delta K (dK) values, a total of K subpopulations (K) were discovered, with two core and pure groups and an admixture group. AH8054, CS21181, CS708, and Akola White were discovered as four germplasm lines that might be exploited as foliar disease resistant cultivars for groundnut hybridization and improvement.

Author(s) Details:

Punam Chand Bhawar,
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayraje Scindia Agricultural University, Gwalior 474002, India.

Sushma Tiwari,
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayraje Scindia Agricultural University, Gwalior 474002, India.

M. K. Tripathi,
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayraje Scindia Agricultural University, Gwalior 474002, India.

R. S. Sikarwar,
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

R. S. Tomar,
Rani Laxmibai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, India.

Niraj Tripathi,
Directorate of Research Services, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482004, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V4/article/view/6860

Biotechnological Interventions to Combat against Charcoal Rot and Rhizoctonia Root Rot Diseases of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] | Chapter 01 | Current Topics in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

 Soybean is a key legume in the world's oilseed production system. Several biotic and abiotic stressors, including drought, have impacted soybean yield. Among the several biotic pressures, Charcoal rot and Rhizoctonia root rot are the most common diseases that cause significant damage to soybean production, and no significant work has been done to effectively address these issues. Biotic stressors can be managed utilising an integrated management approach that includes cultural methods such as crop rotation, tillage, and irrigation, as well as chemical control such as seed treatments to reduce damage caused by a fungal infection in soybeans. The goal of this work was to profile soybean genotypes for yield and accrediting features, as well as to validate gene-based SSR molecular markers against the diseases of charcoal rot and Rhizoctonia root rots. Genotypes JS335, JS20-69, JS97-52, KDS980, and KDS992 were found to be the most divergent and promising genotypes based on various traits and may be used as parents in future hybridization programmes to breed tolerance/ resistance to Rhizoctonia root rot and charcoal rot using conventional and/or molecular breeding approaches.

Author(S) Details

Shikha Upadhyay
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior 474002, India.

A. K. Singh
Office of Director of Instructions, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior 474002, India.

M. K. Tripathi
Department of Plant Molecular Biology& Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior 474002, India.

Sushma Tiwari
Department of Plant Molecular Biology& Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior 474002, India.

Niraj Tripathi
Directorate of Research Services, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur 482004, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CTAS-V6/article/view/6210

Identification of Low and High Erucic Acid Containing Genotype(S) in Indian Mustard Employing Molecular Markers | Chapter 03 | Recent Progress in Plant and Soil Research Vol. 5

 The presence of erucic acid in traditional Brassica oilseeds is well-regarded as an anti-nutritional concern for human consumption, as it causes harmful effects on the heart at high enough doses. As a result, there is a compelling need to limit erucic acid content and generate low-erucic-acid cultivars using conventional and/or molecular breeding methods. When there is a wide range of genetic variety and information on these genetic endowments, crop genetic enhancement can be enhanced. On the basis of molecular markers, the current study was conducted on 48 Brassica genotypes with the goal of identifying genotypes with low and high erucic acid content. A total of 50 SSR molecular markers were chosen for genomic DNA amplification in this study. Only 23 SSR molecular markers were discovered to be polymorphic. For polymorphic SSR markers, a total of 109 alleles were identified, with an average of 4.47 alleles per locus. With a mean worth of 0.68, genetic diversity ranged from 0.55 for marker Na10-D07 to 0.77 for marker BRMS-098. The markers' polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.51 for SSR Na10-D07 to 0.73 for BRMS-098 with an average of 0.62. The dendrogram was created, and three significant groupings emerged. The majority of genotypes were grouped according to the places they established. Genotypes with low erucic acid concentration had a higher degree of similarity and were clustered together. In the future, mustard genotypes with more genetic variability and useful features may be used in crop enhancement programmes.

Author(S) Details

Chitralekha Shyam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P. India.

M. K. Tripathi
Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P., India.

Sushma Tiwari
Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P., India.

Niraj Tripathi
Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur 482004, India.

Ashok Ahuja
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P. India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RPPSR-V5/article/view/6203