Analysis of Genetic Differences in fatty Acids and Oil Contents among Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss Genotypes | Chapter 11 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 The experiment was designed to determine erraticism among 188 Indian mustard genotypes based on various biochemical characteristics such as palmitic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and erucic acids, as well as oil composition.

Experiment was carried out at Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, India, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa

The presence of a significant amount of variation across selected Indian mustard genotypes was determined by analysis of variance, implying improved prospects for their improvement. Oleic acid has the highest genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, followed by erucic and palmitic acids. Heritability and genetic advancement were determined by erucic, oleic, palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. Erucic acid has a strong negative association with palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. Palmitic acid had the most positive direct effect on erucic acid in both genotypic and phenotypic path coefficient studies, while linoleic, oleic, linolenic acids, and oil content had the highest negative direct effect on erucic acid. The genotypes were clustered into eighteen different groups using genetic deviation and Euclidean distance clustering. Erucic acid was found to be low in 9 genotypes, moderate in 57 genotypes, and higher in 122 genotypes when all biochemical strictures were examined. During a group analysis of qualitative indicators, a severe inter cluster gap between cluster 18 (Karishma) and cluster 12 was discovered (Maya). As a result, these genotypes could be used as parentages in Indian mustard breeding to improve a variety of qualitative indices.

Author(S) Details

Chitralekha Shyam
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

Manoj Kumar Tripathi
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijyaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior-474002 M.P, India and Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijyaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior-474002 M.P, India.

Sushma Tiwari
Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijyaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior-474002 M.P, India.

Niraj Tripathi
Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur-482004, India.

R. S. Sikarwar
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

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Morpho-physiological Variations and Genetic Components Analysis in Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss | Chapter 10 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 Assessment of morpho-physiological genetic diversity and study of genetic components may play an important role in the preservation and enhancement of a vulnerable crop species.

The current study included 196 genotypes of Indian mustard, as well as controls. Various morpho-physiological parameters were used to evaluate the genotypes. All of the genotypes were grown in a two-replication randomised block configuration.

Field experiments were conducted in Rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18 at the experimental field of the Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Methodology: The inquiry was aimed to record many morphological and physiological data that are important in distinguishing the thorny genotypes.

Seed yield per plant had the highest genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of disagreement, followed by harvest index and number of silique per plant, according to the current study. Seed yield per plot had the highest heritability and genetic advance, followed by harvest index, biological yield per plot, days to 50% flowering, main raceme length, number of silique per plant, seed yield per plant, number of seeds per silique, 1000-seed weight, and number of silique per the main raceme.

Conclusions: Principal component analysis identified 15 principal components, while cluster analysis identified 16 clusters. Cluster 9 and Cluster 16 had the greatest inter-cluster distance, indicating that the hybridization programme involving parents from these clusters is likely to have a greater incidence of better-wanted combination(s) for the development of beneficial genetic materials.

Author(S) Details

Chitralekha Shyam
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

M. K. Tripathi
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

Sushma Tiwari
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

Niraj Tripathi
Directorate of Research Services, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur 482004, India.

R. S. Sikarwar
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

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Identification of Low and High Erucic Acid Containing Genotype(S) in Indian Mustard Employing Molecular Markers | Chapter 03 | Recent Progress in Plant and Soil Research Vol. 5

 The presence of erucic acid in traditional Brassica oilseeds is well-regarded as an anti-nutritional concern for human consumption, as it causes harmful effects on the heart at high enough doses. As a result, there is a compelling need to limit erucic acid content and generate low-erucic-acid cultivars using conventional and/or molecular breeding methods. When there is a wide range of genetic variety and information on these genetic endowments, crop genetic enhancement can be enhanced. On the basis of molecular markers, the current study was conducted on 48 Brassica genotypes with the goal of identifying genotypes with low and high erucic acid content. A total of 50 SSR molecular markers were chosen for genomic DNA amplification in this study. Only 23 SSR molecular markers were discovered to be polymorphic. For polymorphic SSR markers, a total of 109 alleles were identified, with an average of 4.47 alleles per locus. With a mean worth of 0.68, genetic diversity ranged from 0.55 for marker Na10-D07 to 0.77 for marker BRMS-098. The markers' polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.51 for SSR Na10-D07 to 0.73 for BRMS-098 with an average of 0.62. The dendrogram was created, and three significant groupings emerged. The majority of genotypes were grouped according to the places they established. Genotypes with low erucic acid concentration had a higher degree of similarity and were clustered together. In the future, mustard genotypes with more genetic variability and useful features may be used in crop enhancement programmes.

Author(S) Details

Chitralekha Shyam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P. India.

M. K. Tripathi
Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P., India.

Sushma Tiwari
Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P., India.

Niraj Tripathi
Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur 482004, India.

Ashok Ahuja
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M.P. India.

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Plant Regeneration in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss]: Experimental Investigation | Chapter 9 | Current Topics in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 Brassica juncea is an important mustard species that is farmed in India for edible oil. Using mature cotyledons and seeds as explants and embryogenic cell suspension cultures obtained from embryogenic friable calli, the current study establishes an efficient and repeatable plant regeneration process from callus. The best callus induction was achieved using MS basal media enhanced with 3.0 mgl-1 2, 4-D. Supplementing with 0.5 mgl-1 BAP and 0.5-1.0 mgl-1 2,4-D resulted in more regeneration via embryogenesis/organogenesis. It has been established that ripe seeds are preferable as explants, meaning that this explant has greater morphogenic potential. In addition, the genotype, type (s), relative concentrations, and combinations of plant growth regulators all had a significant impact on plantlet regeneration success. These strategies could be utilised in the future to change Indian mustard elite genotypes and select them in vitro.

Author(S) Details

N. Mishra
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Agricultural University, Gwalior 474002, India.

M. K. Tripathi
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Agricultural University, Gwalior 474002, India.

N. Tripathi
Directorate of Research Services, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482004, India.

S. Tiwari
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Agricultural University, Gwalior 474002, India.

N. Gupta
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Agricultural University, Gwalior 474002, India.

A. Sharma
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Agricultural University, Gwalior 474002, India.

M. K. Shrivastav
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482004, India.

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