Study on the Variability, Heritability, and Genetic Advance in Indigenous Dolichos Bean (Dolichos lablab L. var typicus) Genotypes | Chapter 1 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

Indian bean is an important vegetable crop of Indian origin. It occupies a unique position for vegetable purposes among the legume vegetables. It is a good source of proteins, minerals, and vitamins. The aim of the study is to explore the heritability, variability, and genetic advancement of the Indian bean. The experiment was conducted in an RBD with three replications during rabi, 2010-11 at the NBPGR Regional Station, Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh), India. Thirty-four genotypes of Dolichos bean were evaluated for genetic variability among characters. Genetic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability, and genetic advance as per cent of mean were estimated for fifteen yields and yield contributing characters. The differences between PCV and GCV were low for days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, internode length (cm), days to first pod harvest, pod length (cm), pod width (cm), pod weight (g), plant height (cm) and number of seeds per pod indicating that these traits are less influenced by environment and the effect of heritable components was high. Range, mean, standard error of the mean, and critical difference for each character were computed. Analysis of variance was carried out as per the standard procedure. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded by all the characters except for leaf width (cm), leaf length (cm), and number of pods per plant indicating additive action of genes controlling them. So, the study concluded that individual plant selection for characters viz., marketable pod yield per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length, and pod weight showed high values of heritability, genetic advance, GCV, and PCV concomitantly, would directly be effective in the progeny of dolichos bean. The study recommended that the breeder should adopt a suitable breeding methodology to utilize both additive and non-additive gene effects simultaneously.

 

Author (s) Details

 

V. Chaitanya
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Wyra, Khammam-507165, Telangana, India.

 

R. V. S. K. Reddy
Vegetable Research Station, A. R. I., Dr. Y. S. R. H. U., Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30 (A.P.), India.

 

P. Arun Kumar
College of Horticulture, Dr. Y. S. R. H. U., Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30 (Andhra Pradesh), India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v6/2221

Genetic Variability and Heritability in Diverse Accessions of Wild Noni (Morinda tomentosa Heyne ex Roth) in North Gujarat, India | Chapter 1 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 1

 The present study aims to provide valuable insights for the development of effective breeding strategies and the conservation of this important medicinal plant species. Genetic variability and heritability for morphological and phytochemical attributes were studied in Morinda tomentosa. The experimental material for the present investigation comprised 31 diverse accessions of wild Noni (Morinda tomentosa Heyne ex Roth) collected from forest areas of Panchmahals, Kheda, and Dantiwada during year, 2007-08. The magnitude of genotypic coefficient of variation was higher for all but number of seeds per fruit, flavonol content in leaf, number of branches per plant, flavonol content in fruit, fruit length, total soluble sugar, plant height, ascorbic acid content in fruit and fruit width indicating lesser role of environment in the expression of the traits. The broad sense heritability was higher for all but fruit width indicating explicit realization of heritable variance and thereby offering abundant chances of improvement in those characters by simple selection. Genetic advance is the ultimate objective of interest for a breeder. The genetic advance increases with increase in genetic variance. The heritability in broad sense as such also has little significance as it includes both additive and epistatic gene effects. The increased estimates of genetic advance with high heritability for fruit, leaf, and carotenoid content suggested that additive gene action had a role in the expression of these traits, further supporting the idea that phenotypic selection based on these features would be more successful.

Author(s) Details:

A. H. Rathod,
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SD Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India.

S. Acharya,
Centre of Excellence for Research on Wheat, SDAU, Vijapur, India.

A. K. Singh,
Central Horticultural Experiment Station, Vejalpur, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V1/article/view/14010

Determination of Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Their Interrelationships in Rabi Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) for Various Yield and Yield Contributing Traits under Drought Conditions | Chapter 1 | Current Topics in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 8

Studying the genetic variability characteristics is important for the efficient selection of crop species. Any breeding programme for crop improvement must have desired variation present, as well as a certain degree of heritable variation. As a result, every breeding effort for crop improvement is strongly reliant on genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic advancement. At the Sorghum Research Station, V.N.M.K.V., Parbhani, the genetic variability research for yield and yield contributing factors in 37 genotypes of rabi sorghum with three checks, M 35-1, Phule Suchitra, and CSV-22-R, was conducted during rabi 2019. To estimate the genetic variability for quantitative characteristics, the treatments were examined, and data for 11 traits were collected using a randomised block design with three replications. The discovery of extremely significant genotype differences reveals a substantial degree of variability in all 11 characteristics examined. Greater estimates of phenotypic coefficients of variation are obtained, and these estimates are of lower size, when phenotypic coefficients of variation are compared to genotypic coefficients of variation. Among the forty genotypes examined, VJV 107, VJV 106, PEC 30, RSV 1921, RSV 1945, and RSV 1984 were considered the superior genotypes since they outperformed the others. The goal of the current study was to calculate the genetic variability for quantitative characteristics.

Author(s) Details:

Kesoju Ravali,
VNMKV, Parbhani - 431 402 (M.S.), India.

J. E. Jahagirdar,
VNMKV, Parbhani - 431 402 (M.S.), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTAS-V8/article/view/7250

Morpho-physiological Variations and Genetic Components Analysis in Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss | Chapter 10 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 Assessment of morpho-physiological genetic diversity and study of genetic components may play an important role in the preservation and enhancement of a vulnerable crop species.

The current study included 196 genotypes of Indian mustard, as well as controls. Various morpho-physiological parameters were used to evaluate the genotypes. All of the genotypes were grown in a two-replication randomised block configuration.

Field experiments were conducted in Rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18 at the experimental field of the Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Methodology: The inquiry was aimed to record many morphological and physiological data that are important in distinguishing the thorny genotypes.

Seed yield per plant had the highest genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of disagreement, followed by harvest index and number of silique per plant, according to the current study. Seed yield per plot had the highest heritability and genetic advance, followed by harvest index, biological yield per plot, days to 50% flowering, main raceme length, number of silique per plant, seed yield per plant, number of seeds per silique, 1000-seed weight, and number of silique per the main raceme.

Conclusions: Principal component analysis identified 15 principal components, while cluster analysis identified 16 clusters. Cluster 9 and Cluster 16 had the greatest inter-cluster distance, indicating that the hybridization programme involving parents from these clusters is likely to have a greater incidence of better-wanted combination(s) for the development of beneficial genetic materials.

Author(S) Details

Chitralekha Shyam
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

M. K. Tripathi
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

Sushma Tiwari
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

Niraj Tripathi
Directorate of Research Services, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur 482004, India.

R. S. Sikarwar
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 M. P, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V1/article/view/6326

Investigation on Genetic Variability in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Heat Stress Condition | Chapter 7 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 4

 The present experiment was conducted at the Genetics and Plant Breeding Field Experiment Center, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom Agriculture, Technology and Science University, Prayagraj (Uttar Pradesh) to study genetic diversity, correlation and route analysis in fifty chickpea germplasm during rabies, 2017-18. For 100-seed weight, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, and number of primary branches per plant, the maximum phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were noted. 100 seed weight, biological yield per plant, primary branches per plant, grain yield per plant, successful pods per plant, total number of pods per plant, secondary branches per plant, plant height, flowering days to 50 percent and maturity days were recorded for high heritability. As a percentage of mean, high heritability coupled with high genetic advancement was observed for 100 seed weight, biological yield per plant, primary branches per plant, grain yield per plant, effective pods per plant, total number of pods per plant, secondary branches per plant and plant height, indicating that these characteristics can be regarded as beneficial attributes for improvement through selection. Analysis of the path coefficient for grain yield per plant showed that the biological yield, harvest index, secondary branches, vegetative-stage canopy temperature, effective pods per plant had the highest yield contribution per plant. Thus, during the selection for yield improvement in late sown chickpeas, the utmost importance should be given to these characters.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Sanjay Kumar
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bhagalpur)-813210, India.

Dr. Suresh B. G.
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, U.P.-211007, India.

Dr. Anand Kumar
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bhagalpur)-813210, India.

Dr. G. R. Lavanya
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, U.P.-211007, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V4/issue/view/13

Experiment on the Genetic Variation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Introgressed Maize Inbred Lines for Economic Traits | Chapter 16 | Research and Development in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 Aims: To evaluate introgressed maize inbred lines and respective donor inbred lines for selected

economic traits and adaptability.
Study Design: Field evaluation was carried out in this study.
Place and Duration of Study: The experimental material comprised 123 inbred lines: 76
introgressed inbred lines that combined temperate and tropical germplasm. These inbred lines were
selected from three distinct environments (Rattray Anorld Research Station and Kadoma in Zimbabwe
and Ukulinga Research Centre in South Africa) to form three sets of introgressed inbred lines and
were considered as test genotypes. There was also a set of 26 temperate inbred lines, including the
inbred donor line that was used as a set of positive control inbred lines adapted to the South Africa
warm temperate environment. Additionally, a set of 21 tropical inbred lines was included as negative
control maize inbred lines from Zimbabwe tropical germplasm. The evaluation experiment was carried
out at Rattray Anorld Research Station (RARS), Kadoma Research Centre (KRC), Cedara Research
Station (CRS) and Ukulinga Research Stations (UKRS) in Zimbabwe and South Africa in 2012-13
summer season.
Methodology: Augmented alpha lattice experimental design was used to evaluate a total of 123
inbred lines that were randomly assigned into six blocks, in each block, ten test entries were randomly
assigned to plots within each block, and two common tropical control lines (SC21 and SC19; repeated
checks) were also randomly assigned in each block.
Results: Genetic variation was significant (P < 0.05) for all the major economic traits among inbred
lines within and across sets. Heritability estimates ranged from low (0.21%) to high (91%) for stalk
lodging and silking days, respectively. Comparison of means of inbred lines sets illustrated that
environmental effect had an influence on grain yield of introgressed lines. Grain yield and ear
prolificacy performance across sets also illustrated that introgression of temperate germplasm in
tropical elite inbred lines was effective. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis on grain yield and ear
prolificacy highlighted the correlation between selection environments. Correlation among traits
demonstrated that grain yield had significant (P < 0.05) positive correlation with plant and ear aspects,
plant height, root and stalk lodging, ear prolificacy and grain moisture content at harvest. Generally,
indirect effects of secondary traits on the grain yield potential of inbred lines were negligible.
Conclusion: From the results, introgressed inbred lines has a significant genetic variation that can be
explored to select inbred lines that have desired economic traits that enhance adaptability in South
Africa warm temperate environment. Traits such as plant and ear height, root and stalk lodging, ear
prolificacy and grain moisture content at harvest can be used to select for high grain yielding inbred
lines directly. Indirect secondary traits (plant height and ear prolificacy) can be emphasised during
introgression of temperate germplasm in tropical elite inbred lines .

Author (s) Details

Dr. L. Musundire
Seed Co. International Ltd., Potchefstroom, South Africa.

J. Derera
Seed Co. International Ltd., Potchefstroom, South Africa.

Dr. S. Dari
Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Professor P. Tongoona
West African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of Ghana, Ghana.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/266

Genetic Variability, Growth, Yield and Quality Traits of Some Genotypes of Onion (Allium cepa L.) in Jos-Plateau, Nigeria | Chapter 6 | Advances and Trends in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 4

The improvement of the fresh bulb and the economic dry matter yields of onion is dependent on the morphogenetic variability and the interrelationships amongst morphological attributes which can be used to determine the quality or performance of the crop. This research was aimed to study the genetic variability, growth, yield and quality traits of some genotypes of onion (Ares, Violet de Galmi, Red Creole, “Wase”, “Dan Zaria”, “Dan Garko”, “Dan Giyawa”, “Bahaushe”, “Bakana” and “Yar Aleiro”) in Jos, Plateau State. Using the seedlings raised in the nursery, the genotypes were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. Results showed that morphological attributes differed amongst the genotypes, except the number of leaves per plant, neck thickness and horizontal bulb diameter. The study concludes that genotypic differences, which are responsible for differences in fresh bulb and dry matter yields, exist amongst the different genotypes of onion. These attributes could be used as selection indices in the improvement of the onion. 

Author (s) Details

S. A. Sirajo 
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology Nigeria.

Dr. O. A. T. Namo
Cytogenetics and Plant Breeding Unit, Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

View Book: - http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/168