Background: In Africa and other countries where malaria is
endemic, traditional medicinal plants are frequently used to treat or cure
malaria. Ziziphus mauritiana, a tropical fruit tree species belonging to the
family Rhamnaceae, is used in African traditional medicine against different
symptoms and diseases.
Aim: This study was designed to evaluate tannins extracted
from Ziziphus mauritiana as a source of potential antimalarial and
antimicrobial agents in Mali.
Methodology: The collection of plant materials, tannins
extraction, antibacterial activity evaluation were done at the University of
Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali and antiplasmodial
activity assessment at Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell
Medicine, New York, United States of America, between September 2013 and
February 2014. The tannins were extracted from leaves of Z. mauritiana
collected around Bamako, Mali. Antiplasmodial activity was evaluated against
3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) and Dd2 (chloroquine-resistant) strains of
Plasmodium falciparum using the fluorescence-based SYBR® green I method.
Antibacterial activity of tannins was evaluated by the disc diffusion method
against strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Streptococcus and
Staphylococcus aureus donated by the National Research Institute in Public
Health in Mali and collected from infected patients suffering from different
diseases. The Kruskal–Wallis H test for data of zone of inhibition was used
with the Statistical Package for the Medical Sciences version 17.0.
Results: The tannin extracts from leaves of Z. mauritiana
demonstrated moderate antibacterial activity (average 7-9 mm diameter of
inhibition zone) on tested strains. Tannins extracted from leaves of Z.
mauritiana showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against 3D7 P. falciparum
(46.9±1.12 μg/mL) and against Dd2 P. falciparum strains (67.8±2.39 μg/mL). They
also showed an antibacterial activity on different bacterial strains, showing
important inhibition zones. Especially, they were more active on Streptococcus
than Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Conclusion: Tannins extracted from Z. mauritiana
demonstrated good antiplasmodial and antibacterial activities. It could be
regarded as effective and studied for further consideration as a complementary
medicine source of antimicrobials against most multidrug-resistant bacteria and
other parasites. These data confirm the potential use of tannins as a key
element in antimalarial and antibacterial drug development.
Author(s) Details
Mamadou Wélé
African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Science, Université
des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Mali.
Singou Keita
Laboratoire de Biosciences et Applications, Université des Sciences des
Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Mali.
Cheickna Cisse
African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Science, Université
des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Mali.
Mamadou A Konare
Laboratoire de Biosciences et Applications, Université des Sciences des
Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Mali.
Laura Kirkman
Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell
Medicine, New York, USA.
Lamine Baba-Moussa
Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie, Faculté
des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v8/6695
