Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Patients with Parkinson's disease experience autonomic, cognitive, and sensory symptoms in addition to motor disturbances. Olfactory disturbances are significant, but they are frequently overlooked in Parkinson's disease patients. The current study included 30 Parkinson's disease patients and 30 age-matched controls ranging in age from 40 to 70. A history of non-motor symptoms such as sleep disruptions, forgetfulness, constipation, and urinary problems was taken in addition to motor symptoms, despite the fact that these issues are also associated with aging. 18 patients reported a history of forgetfulness. In 19 of the patients, sleep disorders were present. Constipation was mentioned by 18 patients, and urinary problems by 17 more. A history of olfactory deficiency or altered olfaction, as well as a change in taste sensation, was also obtained. Eleven of the patients were aware of their olfactory deficiencies or changes. Among the 11 patients, two had complete bilateral anosmia, two had complete right sided anosmia, and five had a history of hyposmia. In 21 of the patients, there was no evidence of olfactory deficiency or altered olfaction. Five patients' taste sensations were also altered. The effectiveness of potential preventive therapies is dependent on the identification of earlier clinical markers. In addition to olfactory dysfunction, other clinical markers in Parkinson's disease include upper limb kinematics activity, cognition impairment, depression, sleep disturbances, and micrographia. Because preclinical detection will allow neuroprotective agents to be administered earlier in the disease process, identifying subjects at high risk of developing Parkinson's disease may aid in the development of neuroprotective treatment strategies.
Author (S) Details
Dr. Akhilesh Kumar Singh
Department of Physiology, Andaman & Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences, Port Blair, India.
Bal Krishana
Department of Physiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Meena Gupta
Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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