Because of emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), water vapour, sulphates, and soot, the effects of aviation on the climate contribute not only to regional but also to global climate change. In recent years, aviation has seen a significant expansion, which has resulted in an increase in emissions of harmful air pollutants. Air pollution is undoubtedly one of the most serious consequences of aviation's impact on the environment, but regional environmental changes generated by airports in certain places also provide a problem for this mode of transportation. The discovery of these contaminants' trajectories leads to the deployment of mitigation measures to reduce their negative impacts. The Landing and Take-Off (LTO) cycle, which has a negative impact on air quality, has the highest levels of air pollution exposure around and around airports. Rio de Janeiro, located on the coast of Brazil's Southeast region, has two major airports: one for international flights and the other for domestic flights. Both are located near the Guanabara Bay (GB) in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region (MRRJ). Using the Brazilian Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (BRAMS) to construct wind fields in the MRRJ, the pollutant trajectories emitted by these two airports are validated in this study. A 3D kinematic trajectories Lagrangian model is used to calculate pollutant trajectories from wind fields. The days with more stable atmospheric conditions in winter month are verified using BRAMS simulations, with the Total Totals index (TT) being the most appropriate for the aim of this study. The results demonstrate that the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Duque de Caxias, on the western side of the MRRJ, are critical places that are constantly influenced by pollution transport due to the prevailing weather circumstances, causing harm to the region's air quality. These models captured the influence of meso and large scale systems, demonstrating the reliance of daily and seasonal variations in pollutant pathways, and thus they are significant decision-making tools for emission control, contributing to better management of urban air quality. In a time of high demand, it is critical to develop solutions that are focused on the long-term viability of aicraft transportation and are synced with environmental protection criteria.
Author (S) Details
Marilia Mitidieri Fernandes de Oliveira
Technology Transfer Lab (NTT) Researcher at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro–COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Jorge Luiz Fernandes de Oliveira
Geoscience Institute of Fluminense Federal University-UFF, Niterói, Brazil.
Nelson Francisco Favilla Ebecken
Center of Technology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-Civil Engineering Postgraduate Program–COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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