In contrast to a very restricted range of crops used for food, human population growth is accompanied by contemporary climate change. A small number of commonly used crops is particularly detrimental to the environment and the security of human food supply. Because of long-term genetic erosion, increasing variety similarity, and other factors, it is necessary to take use of the opportunities provided by national parks and other locations, such as searching for novel genotypes for plant breeding or as a new crop. From a historical perspective, the start of genetic erosion can be traced back to the Amazon region of South America. This happened after Europeans began to colonise the Amazon region in 1492. Indian communities used 138 or more kinds (crops), many of which were likely well domesticated. As a result of the subsequent drop in their population, the number of crops used has decreased. The rise of cultivar similarity, the second adverse tendency, happened primarily in the twentieth century. The reduction of the gene pool and genetic variety has resulted from breeding to boost yield, quality, and resistance to pests and illnesses. Crop stress resistance during seed development and growth, which influences the future qualities of seeds at filial generation. From a morphological and physiological standpoint, cultivars are more similar. It is an inconvenient procedure. It should be noted that there are a huge number of unexplored wild plants that thrive in remote locations and so are likely to have the desired qualities for new climatic and soil conditions. We should look for them not just in well-known natural reserves, but also in lesser-known ones.
Author (S) Details
Ladislav Bláha
Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic.
View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CTAS-V1/article/view/3883
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