The biology of stem cells is being studied in depth, with a focus on their ability to self-renew and differentiate. These characteristics allow stem cells to be used in a variety of medical settings, including regenerative procedures, due to their ability to differentiate into specific mature cellular lineages. Balanced activity of oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, as well as the protein products coded by the two types of genes, on both cellular and organism levels, in in vitro- and in vivo- studies, is critical for the prevention of malignant cellular transformation on the one hand, and of degenerative changes on the other. conditions. However, it is critical that the functions of oncogenes and the oncoproteins encoded by them be activated in ways that allow eventual neoplastic cellular transformations and metastatic processes to be avoided, for example, by generating an adequate anti-malignant immune response based on the influence of oncogene protein products in their role as active antigens. Similarly, the functions of tumor-suppressor genes and the proteins encoded by them can be activated in ways that, in addition to tumor-suppressor functions, protect against various degenerative processes (instead activating them, which is characteristic for the most of them in the ageing process). As important in achieving this goal is the binding of small ions and/or molecules to the respective tumor-suppressor protein. By various intra- and extra-cellular inter-molecular interactions and cascade regulatory pathways, the so-bound small ions and molecules could aid the respective tumor-suppressor protein in suppressing the functions of unlocking degenerative processes bio-molecules.
Author (S) Details
Iskra Ventseslavova Sainova
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Sofia, Bulgaria.
View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V6/article/view/1716
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