Libya is a country situated
in North Africa, south to the Mediterranean with an area of 1 759 540 km²,
and border line of 4348 km, this makes the country
fourth largest in Africa and the seventeenth largest
in the world. Sheep, goats, cattle and camels are the
most numerous grazing animals in Libya, and
are important intermediate hosts for Echinococcus
granulosus which is the causative parasite of
cystic hydatid
disease condition. E. Granulosus is
a tiny tapeworm that parasitizes the small intestine of canids, mainly dogs, which act as
definitive hosts for the parasite. Infected dogs are the main source of infection to humans and livestock. The parasite is widely
distributed in many parts of the world and is
very common in North African countries. In Libya, the rate of infection with
echinococcosis in dogs was reported to be lower
than 7% to 80% in stray dogs, 34.8% to 60% in sheep/guard dogs and 7.7% to 21.6% in farm/house dogs. This data fulfills the WHO
criteria and suggests that the incidence of infection
with echinococcosis/ hydatidosis in some parts of the country can be reaching
the level of hyper endemic. Diagnosis of
echinococcosis in infected dogs can be performed by isolating the parasite from their faeces or from the contents of their
small intestine after necropsy. Recent developments
in immunodiagnostic assays for echinococcosis in dogs have been described.
Public health and risk factors as well as ways
of hydatid disease treatment and various control strategies, including the use of veterinary vaccines, have also been
discussed.
Author
(s) Details
Mohamed M. Ibrahem
Department
of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zawia, P. O. Box 16418, Zawia,
Libya.
Wafa M. Ibrahem
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Zawia, P. O. Box 16418, Zawia, Libya.
Badereddin B. Annajar
National
Centre for Disease Control, Ain Zara, P. O. Box 71171, Tripoli, Libya.
Kawther
M. Ibrahem
Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Zawia, P. O. Box
16418, Zawia, Libya.
Badereddin B. Annajar
National Centre for Disease Control, Ain Zara, P. O. Box 71171, Tripoli, Libya.
View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/267
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