The autoimmune disease process can occur in a variety of chronic human disorders. As a group of diseases, autoimmune disorders are the third most frequent cause of sickness and death in the Western World. The majority of autoimmune illnesses' underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The most significant contributor to the emergence of autoimmune illnesses, above genetic factors and cytokine activity, is viral infection. There are a number of hypothesised mechanisms by which viral infection could impair self-tolerance and set off an autoimmune cascade, ultimately leading to the destruction of a particular type of cell or an entire body organ. The many immune systems and additional potential processes, such as molecular mimicry, bystander activation, and epitope dissemination, can be used to understand the autoimmune onslaught. In addition to genetic and viral factors, other environmental factors such as bacterial, parasitic, and fungal infections are also involved. However, a number of animal models have been examined and offer convincing proof that viruses contributed to AIDs as well as hastened and bigger lesions in environments where self-tolerance was compromised. In this review, we examined virus-induced autoimmunity and the underlying molecular mechanism. We also discussed the several viruses, such as the rubella virus, enteroviruses, measles virus, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1, human cytomegalovirus, human herpes virus-6, Epstein-Barr virus, rotavirus, and others, that influence the development of AIDs as well as its biologic therapy.
Author(s) Details:
Arslan Habib,
Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Riffat Iqbal,
Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad Usman Taj,
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Rabia Jahangir,
Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Abdul Rehman,
Department of Zoology, Pakistan Institute of Applied and Social Sciences, Kasur, Pakistan.
Ansa Batool,
Department of Zoology, Pakistan Institute of Applied and Social Sciences, Kasur, Pakistan.
Haleema Sadia Jafar,
Department of Zoology, Pakistan Institute of Applied and Social Sciences, Kasur, Pakistan.
Abubakar Muhammad Arshid,
Department of Zoology, Pakistan Institute of Applied and Social Sciences, Kasur, Pakistan.
Shumaila Murtaza,
Department of Zoology, Pakistan Institute of Applied and Social Sciences, Kasur, Pakistan.
Shamim Allah Dita,
Department of Zoology, Pakistan Institute of Applied and Social Sciences, Kasur, Pakistan.
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V9/article/view/8343
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