Cotton (Gossypium spp.) plays an important role in the global
economy, mainly in agriculture and the textile industry. With rising global
demand for cotton, there is an urgent need to improve yields, enhance fibre
quality, and address challenges posed by resource scarcity and climate change.
This chapter includes the recent developments in cotton breeding, mainly on the
improvement in yield, quality of the fibre and ability of the plant to
withstand various biotic and abiotic stresses. It also discusses the origin and
significance of cotton, as well as its floral biology, branching patterns, and
modes of pollination. In breeding objectives, it includes improving
productivity, enhancing resistance to pests and diseases, and adaptability to
climate change. This study discusses the conventional breeding methods, such as
selection, hybridization, and mutation, as well as modern tools including
genome editing (CRISPR/Cas9), marker-assisted selection (MAS), speed breeding,
and the use of genetically modified crops like Bt cotton. As a sustainable
solution, the development of biofortified varieties, high density planting
(HDP), ratoon cropping, genome editing and Bt cotton are gaining popularity in
the world. It also discusses the integration of cutting-edge technologies such
as GPS (Global Positioning System), GIS (Geographic Information System), remote
sensing for precision farming and decision support systems. Together, these
developments pave the way for the next generation of cotton cultivars that are
resource-efficient and environmentally sustainable. Overall, the chapter
emphasizes the integration of conventional breeding methods with the advanced
technologies to develop cotton varieties, which are highly productive,
environment friendly, climate resilient and help farmers and the textile
industries to meet their future demands.
Author(s) Details
Meghali
Kutum
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Kumar Aryan
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Bhaswati
Saikia
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
M.
Baruah
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
P.K.
Goswami
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
G C
Bora
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/fsarh/v3/5900
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