Determining the Outcome of Gastrointestinal Perforations Due to Blunt Abdominal Trauma | Chapter 20 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 Background: During acute abdominal trauma, solid organ injuries are the most common type of injury (BAT).

Hollow viscus injuries are significantly more common than non-hollow viscus injuries.

The most critical problem with these illnesses is that they are frequently missed or identified too late, despite sophisticated methods such as focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST), computer tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The anatomical distribution, diagnosis, therapy, and outcome of gastrointestinal perforation following blunt abdominal trauma are all examined in this study.

The purpose of this study is to determine the anatomical distribution, diagnosis, therapy, and outcome of gastrointestinal perforation following blunt abdominal trauma.

The study was a prospective observational study that was carried out after the hospital gave its ethical approval. The study comprised patients who had symptoms of peritonitis after physical trauma to the abdomen with isolated injury and were found to have gastrointestinal perforation on exploratory laparotomy. No perforation identified during surgery and penetrating abdominal injuries were also exclusion criteria. The data from each subject was entered into the Performa programme that had been set up for the research.

Results: 32 patients were operated on for perforation caused by blunt abdominal trauma during the research period. The jejunum was the most prevalent site of perforation among the research participants, followed by the ileum and then the stomach. The most common procedure performed was simple perforation closure with peritoneal lavage, which was done in 24 cases (75.0 percent). In 3 (9.3%) of the cases, resection anastomosis was performed, while stomas were constructed in 5 (15.6%) of the patients. Complications occurred in 5 (15.6 percent) of patients after surgery, with chest infection being the most prevalent. A 3.1 percent mortality rate was achieved after one patient died during the postoperative period.

To summarise, the importance of early detection and treatment cannot be overstated. In blunt trauma, the jejunum is the most common site of perforation. Following proper resuscitation, early surgery is associated with a very favourable prognosis in gastrointestinal perforation following blunt abdominal trauma.

Author(S) Details

Anubhav Goel
Department of Surgery, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Ankur Bansal
Department of Surgery, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Bhupesh Gogia
Department of Surgery, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.

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