SO Iris and eyeball inflammatory condition affecting both eyes that occurs as a delayed autoimmune reaction to eye injury after a penetrating injury. Pain, photophobia, accommodation paresis, metamorphopsia, and mild to major visual loss are common symptoms. The posterior segment findings of granulomatous anterior uveitis include moderate to severe vitritis, choroiditis, papillitis, perivasculitis, and yellow-white lesions of the retinal pigment epithelium (Dalen-Fuchs nodules). Retinal detachment and macular edoema can occur as a result of the inflammation. Headache, meningitis, or pleocytosis of the cerebral fluid, hearing loss, poliosis, and vitiligo are examples of extraocular symptoms. In order to minimise or lessen SO or offer confirmatory pathology, damaged eyes with possible vision should not be enucleated.
A cell-mediated immune system and an autoimmune inflammatory response aimed against ocular self-antigens generated after the first insult causes the inflammation. After ocular injuries (47 to 65 percent of patients) or contusions, SO can develop. The largest risk is related with wounds involving the ciliary body. Surgical procedures can also cause SO, with posterior segment surgery being more dangerous than anterior segment surgery.
SO is mostly diagnosed based on the patient's medical history and clinical manifestations. To confirm the diagnosis, imaging techniques (fluorescein or indocyanine green angiography, B-scan ultrasonography, and optical coherence tomography) may be helpful.Author (S) Details
Mohammed Alkhaibari
Department of General Surgery, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
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