Objectives: Evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity to test the Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum for phytochemicals. Study Design: extraction of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol; phytochemical study and anti-microbial activity of Kenyan G were analyzed. Mushroom Lucidum. Using spectral evidence and in reference to literature, structural determination of the isolated compound was achieved. The compound's antibacterial properties were carried out using the process of disc diffusion.
Study location and duration: Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Masinde Muliro, between January and November 2019.Methodology: Sequential extraction of dried Kenyan G. samples. Lucidum was made using hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvents. Ganoderma lucidum extracts were isolated using chromatographic methods and compounds calculated using spectroscopic data and compared to the literature. The crude extracts and compounds were tested using the agar well diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeroginosa, and Criptococcus neoformans. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes have been tested against the compound. In particular, standard antibiotics were used; ampicillin was used as the control. The process of disc diffusion was used and inhibition zones were used to measure antibacterial activity after the respective incubation times.
Results: Terpenoids, sugars, phenolic compounds, glycosides and polyoses were found in the following category of compounds in the fungus. Hexane and methanol extracts demonstrated substantial activity against MRSA at (p= 0.022) while Streptococcus pyogenes (p= 0.05) was active against ethyl acetate extract. Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14 a-diol (22Z) was isolated from the hexane extract of Ganoderma lucidum. A mixture of complex compounds was produced from ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. Important activity against Methicillin-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (p=0.022) and Streptococcus pyogenes (p=0.05) was demonstrated by Ergosta-5,7,22-triene-3β,14 alpha-diol (22Z). Streptococcus pyogenes was the microbe that was most susceptible.
Conclusion: Terpenoids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, glycosides, flavonoids and phytosterols are found in Kenya's Ganoderma lucidum. Against MRSA and Streptococcus pyogenes, crude extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) were involved. One major compound was isolated, characterized and antibacterial activity determined: Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14 alpha-diol (22Z).
Author (s) Details
Dr. Danstone Lilechi Baraza
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.
Dr. Selline Ooko
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.
Mr. Peter Kuloba Nyongesa
Department of Biological Sciences, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.
Ebrahim Sande
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.
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