Bio Active Solvent Free Synthesis of 7,7-dimethyl-4-Phenyl -Tetra Hydro Quinazaloine-(1H,3H)- 2,5-Diones Derivatives Employing Methanesulfonic Acid | Chapter 11 | Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 7

 Due to its broad variety of biological activities, such as antibacterial and fungicidal activity, the synthesis of 7,-dimethyl-4-phenyl tetrahydroquinazalones- (1H, 3H)-2, 5-diones derivatives has received a lot of attention. The current investigation of an efficient and cost-effective method for the synthesis of 7,7-dimethyl-4-phenyl tetrahydroquinazalones-(1H,3H)-2,5-diones derivatives using dimedone, urea, and substituted aromatic aldehyde using Methanesulfonic acid as catalyst under solvent free conditions is part of our research work in this area. Chemical, analytical, and spectral investigations were used to characterise and structurally elucidate the products. 1H-NMR and 13CNMR spectroscopy, as well as mass spectral and elemental analysis, were used to examine the newly synthesised compounds. Various strains were used to test the antimicrobial capabilities of the named compounds, which showed mild to moderate antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Author (s) Details

Chinnayya Setty
Department of Chemistry, Gitam University, Visakhapatnam India.

N. Krishnarao
Department of Chemistry, PRISM DG&PG College, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.

B. V. Durgarao
Department of R&D, ONGC, Rajahmundry, India.

V. Narasingrao
Department of Microbiology, PRISM DG&PG College, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.

P. Ramalakshmi
Department of Microbiology, PRISM DG&PG College, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.

Shaik Lakshman
Department of Chemistry, Gitam University, Visakhapatnam India.

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Phytochemical Analysis, Isolated Ergosta-5,7,22-triene-3β,14α-diol (22Z) and Antimicrobial Activity of Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum | Chapter 6 | Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 7

Objectives: Evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity to test the Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum for phytochemicals. Study Design: extraction of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol; phytochemical study and anti-microbial activity of Kenyan G were analyzed. Mushroom Lucidum. Using spectral evidence and in reference to literature, structural determination of the isolated compound was achieved. The compound's antibacterial properties were carried out using the process of disc diffusion.

Study location and duration: Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Masinde Muliro, between January and November 2019.

Methodology: Sequential extraction of dried Kenyan G. samples. Lucidum was made using hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvents. Ganoderma lucidum extracts were isolated using chromatographic methods and compounds calculated using spectroscopic data and compared to the literature. The crude extracts and compounds were tested using the agar well diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeroginosa, and Criptococcus neoformans. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes have been tested against the compound. In particular, standard antibiotics were used; ampicillin was used as the control. The process of disc diffusion was used and inhibition zones were used to measure antibacterial activity after the respective incubation times.

Results: Terpenoids, sugars, phenolic compounds, glycosides and polyoses were found in the following category of compounds in the fungus. Hexane and methanol extracts demonstrated substantial activity against MRSA at (p= 0.022) while Streptococcus pyogenes (p= 0.05) was active against ethyl acetate extract. Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14 a-diol (22Z) was isolated from the hexane extract of Ganoderma lucidum. A mixture of complex compounds was produced from ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. Important activity against Methicillin-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (p=0.022) and Streptococcus pyogenes (p=0.05) was demonstrated by Ergosta-5,7,22-triene-3β,14 alpha-diol (22Z). Streptococcus pyogenes was the microbe that was most susceptible.

Conclusion: Terpenoids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, glycosides, flavonoids and phytosterols are found in Kenya's Ganoderma lucidum. Against MRSA and Streptococcus pyogenes, crude extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) were involved. One major compound was isolated, characterized and antibacterial activity determined: Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14 alpha-diol (22Z).

Author (s) Details

Dr. Danstone Lilechi Baraza
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.

Dr. Selline Ooko
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.

Mr. Peter Kuloba Nyongesa
Department of Biological Sciences, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.

Ebrahim Sande
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya.

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Recent Study on Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Transition Metal Complexes of Biologically Active Bidentate Ligands | Chapter 7 | Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 1

 

A new solid complexes of Mn(II) and Fe(III) complexes with bidentate Schiff base ligand derived from
2-amino 4,6 dihydroxypyrimidine and P- chlorobenzaldehyde, P-nitrobenzaldehyde have been
reported. The ligand and its complexes were screened for their antifungal and antibacterial activity
against Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium moneliforme and Aspergllus flavus and
Escherichia coli. Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aurious, B. subtilis. The result indicated that the
complexes exhibited good antifungal and antibacterial activities. The Schiff base commonly
coordinates through the oxygen atom of phenolic OH group and the nitrogen atom of azomethine
group, which is confirmed by IR spectral data. Further conclusive evidence of the co-ordination of the
Schiff bases with the metal ions was shown by the appearance of new bands due to n(M-N) and n(MO) in the metal complexes.

Author(s) Details

Dr. D. T. Sakhare
U.G, P.G. & Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Shivaji, Art’s, Comm. & Science College Kannad, 431103, (M.S.), India.

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