A Comprehensive Review on the Pleotropic Role of Nitric Oxide, a Well-Known Cytotoxin | Chapter 2 | Innovations in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical, has a dual role in human physiology and disease. NO is thought to protect cells at low concentrations; but, at greater concentrations, it becomes cytotoxic and contributes to tumour angiogenesis and cancer growth. Although previous research on the function of NO in cancer were tissue-specific, this review focuses on the underlying commonalities of NO exposure that exist across a wide range of malignancies. We also try to explain the role of NO and glutathione-transferase, a cellular protective enzyme. The growing involvement of NO in three key areas of epigenetics is highlighted in this article: DNA methylation, microRNAs, and histone alterations. Finally, we present the recent development of a model cell line system in which cells show a high level of NO nitric oxide adaptation, and we believe that these adapted cell lines can be effective tools for studying NO's role in cancer biology.

Author(S) Details

Ankit Sharma
LabyRx Immunological Therapeutics, 2700 Stockton Boulevard, Suite 1108 Sacramento, CA 95817,USA.

Estevan Limón López
McQuery College of Health and Human Services, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO 65897, USA.

Michael Babich
LabyRx Immunological Therapeutics, 2700 Stockton Boulevard, Suite 1108 Sacramento, CA 95817,USA.

James A. Radosevich
Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

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