The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Syzigium cumuni seeds in the treatment of diabetes, as well as their potential effects on male reproductive physiology and histopathology in Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus), as well as various Indian herbal plants used in the treatment of hyperglycemia complications, particularly in India. By injecting Alloxan monohydrate into a male Swiss albino, I was able to induce a diabetic state. To examine their restorative capacity, a fixed amount of Syzigium cumuni seeds powder was supplied with food. Hyperglycemia is a serious human illness that affects people from all walks of life in a variety of countries. Hyperglycemia is a metabolic disease characterised by persistently elevated blood sugar levels. Urination is frequent, thirst is increased, and appetite is increased. Either the pancreas does not create enough insulin or the body's cells do not respond to insulin effectively. Damage to blood vessels, cardiovascular illness, impairment to the eyes (retinopathy), and kidney damage are all major long-term risks (nephropathy). Despite the fact that there are a variety of techniques to reducing its negative effects and problems, herbal treatments are favoured owing to their low cost, ease of availability, and lack of side effects. In the treatment of hyperglycemia, a list of medicinal plants with established antihyperglycemic effects is used. Babul (Acacia Arabica), neem (Azadirachta indica), gurhal (Hibiscus rosa-sinesis), bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), giloy (Tinospora cordifolia), methi (Trigonella foenum-graecum), and jamun (Trigonella foenum-graecum) are among them (Syzigium cumuni).
Syzigium cumuni, also known as jamun, jambul, black plum, or Indian black berry, is a member of the Myrtaceae family. The presence of anthocyanin, particularly in the peel regions of the fruit, gives it a pleasing colour. There is only one seed in each berry. Syzigium cumuni is a common medicinal plant used to treat diabetes and a variety of other ailments. Anthocyanins, glucoside, ellagic acid, isoquercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, and hydrolysable tannins are abundant in the plant (1-0-galloyl castalagin and casuarinin). The alkaloid jambosine and glycoside jamboline found in the seeds help to slow down the diastatic conversion of starch to sugar. In alloxan-induced diabetic mice, the addition of ethanolic extract of seeds and seed powder of Syzigium cumuni resulted in a considerable drop in blood sugar levels and an improvement in pancreatic islet histology. There has also been a decrease in glycosuria and blood urea levels. The seeds contain glucoside jamboline, a phenolic substance, a trace of pale yellow essential oil, chlorophyll, fat, resin, albumin, tannins (19%), phenolic compounds such as ellagic acid, gallic acid (1-2%), caffeic and ferulic acids, and their derivatives such as guaicol, resorcinol dimethyl ether, and corilaginin, as well as phenolic compounds such as Protein and calcium are abundant in the seeds. Flavonoids such as rutin and quercetin, as well as monoterpenoids such as -pinene, -terpinene, terpinolene, borbeneol, -phellandrene, a-terpineol, and eugenol. Syzigium cumuni also contains B-sitosterol (Black Plum seed).
Findings: The seed powder of Syzigium cumuni (Black Plum) promotes pancreatic insulin secretion, which restores the histoarchitecture of pancreatic -cells in experimental animal cells, indicating that it has antidiabetic or antihyperglycemic properties. Its seed contains a variety of phytochemicals such as triterpenes, anthocyanin, oleic acid, essential oils, glycosides, saponins, and numerous Flavonoids that alter insulin resistance and -cell function directly or indirectly.
Novelty: The discovery of such active molecules has the potential to lead to the development of safer medications for the treatment of a variety of disorders, including diabetes. Although the majority of studies of Syzigium cumuni as an antidiabetic emissary with its possible implemented actions and diabetes complications such as cataract, neuropathy, and nephropathy have been conducted, more detailed research on the isolation of bioactives through clinical trials followed by standardisation is urgently needed to understand the plant's prospects. The presence of many phytochemicals in Syzigium cumuni (Black Plum) seed, along with their documented modes of action, indicates that some compounds target numerous metabolic pathways, making them a viable therapeutic tool.Author(S) Details
Kumari Rekha
Department of Zoology, Tmbu, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India.
View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RPPSR-V4/article/view/5194
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