Because of its uses in reservoir management, seepage from earth dams is an essential topic to research. The loss of water owing to seepage is a significant concern for hydraulic designers. Water logging, salinization, groundwater contamination, and health concerns are all caused by seepage loss, which depletes fresh water resources. This study offers numerical and analytical solutions for seepage from a homogeneous earth dam resting on an impervious foundation. For this, a steady-state two-dimensional (2D) flow through a homogeneous earth dam is investigated. The finite element approach is used to calculate the position of the phreatic line (FEM). The numerical simulation results are compared to Schaffernak and Casagrande's analytical solutions. The numerical solution, as opposed to the Casagrande and Schaffernak approaches, forecasts higher seepage. Schaffernak's solution has a greater than 20% mistake rate, whereas Casagrande's solution has a greater than 30% error rate. Both Schaffernak and Casagrande's answers, on the other hand, are for simple cases: I a homogeneous embankment; (ii) an embankment dam standing on top of an impervious base. In FEM simulation, none of these assumptions or simplifications are required. This research demonstrates FEM's capacity to predict water flow in a porous medium with complex characteristics such as non-homogeneous (heterogeneous) embankment dams, non-isotropic soils, pervious foundations, and a variety of boundary conditions.
Author(S) Details
Farzin Salmasi
Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
John Abraham
University of St. Thomas, Minnesota, School of Engineering 2115 Summit Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55105, USA.
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