Insights into Exploitation of Jute (Corchorus sp.) as Leafy Vegetables | Chapter 7 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 6

 

Jute is one of the most important cash crops for India, widely known for its natural plant-based fibre. Among its various parts, jute leaves are rich in valuable chemical compounds and play a significant role in both national and international markets. Demand for unconventional potherbs is increasing, and known medicinal values or high content of vitamin A or protein or vitamin C has increased the popularity of jute as an affordable nutritional source. Traditional use of jute leaves as “pat shak” or potherbs (edible plant parts such as leaves, flowers, and stems used for cooking or seasoning) is still practised in select regions of India.

 

The present study was undertaken with five varieties each of Corchorus olitorius (C. olitorius) and Corchorus capsularis (C. capsularis) grown in the teaching Farm Mondouri, BCKV, in a Randomised Block Design (RBD) with four replications during 2018- 2019 (4 rows of 4 m each) following recommended agronomic practices.

 

The experiment was conducted in the Teaching Farm located at Mondouri, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavdyalay, West Bengal, India. Planting was done in the first week of April and was harvested after one month. Biomass traits like leaf length (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf width (cm), petiole length (cm), plant height(cm), weight per plant (gm) were recorded along with an estimation of Vitamin A, Vitamin C and protein content in the leaves.

 

In C. olitorius, heritability was moderately high in all the traits except for the number of leaves, along with moderate Genetic Advance as per cent of Mean (GAM) for Leaf length, fresh weight, indicating that these may be due to additive gene effects and selection for these types of traits may always be rewarding.  In C. capsularis, heritability was moderately high for all traits except for the leaf length and leaf width. Moderate GAM for other traits like petiole length, plant height, leaf numbers, and fresh weight indicates that this may be due to additive gene effects and selection for these types of traits may be rewarding. C. olitorius recorded high biomass yield along with high content of vitamin A (5780 IU, approximately 30 % that found in carrot), which can serve as a cheap source of vitamin A in the eastern and northeast provinces where it can be successfully taken as a vegetable as it happens to be one among the twenty-five popularly cultivated leafy vegetables (shaks) in West Bengal. Young jute leaves, being flavourful, tender and rich in beta-carotene, iron, calcium, and vitamin C, can be a lucrative alternative. The criteria of selection for improvement of yield can be taken in terms of wt (g) per 10 plants, as suggested particularly for both the species, along with the width of leaves, or leaf length in case of C. olitorius. It can be stated that the traits, like the number of leaves in the case of C. olitorius and the traits like plant height or leaf length, in the case of C. capsularis, are more affected by environmental variations.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Debjani Mondal
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswvavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India.

 

Amrita Kumari
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswvavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India.

 

Sourav Hazari
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswvavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India.

 

K Pramanik
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswvavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India.

 

Sri Sai Subramanyam Dash
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswvavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India.

 

Anita Roy
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswvavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v6/5960

Significance of Vitamin C in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: A Review |Chapter 9 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 6

The relationship between vitamin C and cancer is still being studied and is associated with antioxidant, pro-oxidant, and gene expression regulator properties. Vitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant associated with the prevention of the common cold and is also a cofactor of hydrolases that participate in the synthesis of collagen and catecholamines and in the regulation of gene expression. This review explores the role of vitamin C in cancer clinical trials and the aspects to consider in future studies, such as plasmatic vitamin C and metabolite excretion recording, and metabolism and transport of vitamin C into cancer cells. The reviewed studies show that vitamin C intake from natural sources can prevent the development of pulmonary and breast cancer and that vitamin C synergizes with gemcitabine and erlotinib in pancreatic cancer. Vitamin C homeostasis is controlled mainly by four regulatory processes: (i) intestinal absorption (bioavailability), (ii) accumulation and distribution in tissues, (iii) utilization and recycling, and (iv) renal excretion and reabsorption. In vitro assays reveal that vitamin C synergizes with DNA-methyl transferase inhibitors. However, vitamin C was not associated with cancer prevention in a Mendelian randomized study. The effects of vitamin C on cancer progression depend on the route of administration. It is concluded that the role of vitamin C in the prevention and treatment of cancer is still an ongoing area of research. It is necessary that new phase II and III clinical trials be performed to collect stronger evidence of the therapeutic role of vitamin C in cancer.  Clinical trials with Intravenous Ascorbic Acid as a co-adjuvant in radiotherapy or chemotherapies with gemcitabine, erlotinib, and DNA Methyltransferases inhibitors are assays in development with promising results. It is expected that new studies will reveal more about the mechanisms of the anti-cancer action of vitamin C, with new, well-structured phase II and III clinical trials performed to confirm its proposed beneficial effect on cancer prevention and treatment.

 

Author (s) Details

Lorena Mardones
Biomedical Sciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Concepcion 4070129, Chile and Research Center on Biodiversity and Sustainable Environments (CIBAS), Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Concepcion 4070129, Chile.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v6/1745

 

Role of Postharvest Treatments Pomegranate Peel Extract and Calcium on Storage Behavior of Broad Beans (Vicia faba L.) | Chapter 8 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 4

Vicia faba L is considered the fourth most important leguminous crop in the world, as it occupies an important place among food security crops in a number of countries. Calcium salts are used to increase the hardness of fruits and to treat many physiological disorders in fruits and resistance to damage. The present study aims to improve the storage ability of beans after treating them before storage with pomegranate peel extract and calcium. After harvesting the crop of broad beans grown in one of the orchards in Al-Hartha region, Basrah, Iraq for the agricultural season 2023-2024, the pods were separated to obtain the seeds by removing the pod, then the seeds were divided into three parts. The first was treated by dipping seeds in pomegranate peel extract at a concentration of 3 ml l‾¹ for 5 minutes. The second part of the seeds was dipped in calcium at a concentration of 2 ml l‾¹ for 5 minutes. The last part was dipped in distilled water only for 5 minutes. After drying, seeds were packed in perforated polyethylene bags (8 holes of 5 mm diameter) with an amount of 1 kg per bag and stored at a temperature of 4°C for two weeks. The mean differences were compared using the least significant difference (L.S.D) test at the probability level of 0.05. The experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replicates. The results showed that 2 ml l‾¹ calcium treatment was the best in reducing the weight loss of seeds and recording the highest percentage of total soluble solids and protein, while the treatment of pomegranate peel extract was superior to the rest of the treatments recorded the highest vitamin C. The results also showed that stored seeds treated by the two mentioned treatments did not record any significant decay after two weeks of storage compared to the control treatment. The weight loss of seeds, the percentage of decay, and the total soluble solids increased, while the protein percentage and vitamin C decreased with increasing storage period. The treatment of pomegranate peel extract was superior to the rest treatments in recording the highest vitamin C and the stored seeds dipped in pomegranate peel extract and calcium solution did not record any significant decay after two weeks of storage compared to the control treatment.

 

Author (s) Details

Dhia Ahmed Taain
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq.

 

Noor Abdel-Zahra Jaber
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v4/2726

 

Exploring the Complex Interplay: Diabetes Mellitus and Vitamin C - a Comprehensive Review of the Relationship, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Implications | Chapter 7 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 This review provides a comprehensive analysis of multiple research studies that have examined the complex association between diabetes mellitus and vitamin C levels. Diabetes, precisely type 2 diabetes, is linked to changes in vitamin C metabolism, which can result in decreased levels of plasma ascorbate. The interaction between factors such as high blood sugar, reduced sensitivity to insulin, being overweight, and lifestyle choices (such as smoking) has a substantial impact on the levels of vitamin C. The link between glucose and vitamin C is further complicated by competitive inhibition for cellular absorption. Oxidative stress, which occurs as a result of diabetes, leads to the reduction of antioxidant defense, such as vitamin C, potentially worsening diabetic problems. Although several research indicates reduced vitamin C levels in individuals with diabetes, other studies show contradictory results, underscoring the intricate nature of this relationship. The outcome variability can be ascribed to differences in study participants, methodology, and regional disparities. This study examines the possible therapeutic implications of vitamin C supplementation in managing diabetes. The evidence indicates that vitamin C supplementation can improve insulin resistance, glycemic control, and antioxidant enzyme activity.

 

Nevertheless, the efficacy of these therapies can be contingent upon the unique attributes of each patient and the specific stage of their diabetes. This review highlights the intricate correlation between diabetes mellitus and vitamin C, elucidating a multifaceted interaction mediated by oxidative stress, lifestyle variables, and metabolic abnormalities. Additional investigation is required to explain the exact mechanisms and assess the potential of vitamin C supplementation as a therapeutic approach to managing diabetes.

Author(s) Details:

Abhishek Bansal,
Department of Biochemistry, Pt. B D Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Praveen Prashant,
Department of Biochemistry, Pt. B D Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Pragya Dixit,
ESI Health Care Haryana, ESI Hospital Panipat, Haryana, India.

Sonia Vashist,
Department of Dermatology, Tripti Hospital, Rohak, Haryana, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V2/article/view/13801

Assessment of The Impact of Biological Products on the Quality of Potato Tubers | Chapter 6 | Emerging Issues in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 The aim of the study search out assess the effect of advantageous microorganisms introduced into the soil on picked indicators of the feature of edible vegetable tubers. The study evaluated an early, honest, drought-resistant, extreme cold-resistant and stress-opposing potato type of the Russian selection "Udacha". When increasing potatoes, organic products "Organic", "Protection of ancestries" and "Crop rotation" were secondhand, which involve bacteria and fungi in allure composition. The experiment help 4 options: 1) Control, 2) "Organic", 3) "Protection of roots", 4) "Crop turn". Biological products "Organic" and "Protection of ancestries" were applied when setting potatoes, and the organic product "Crop turn" was applied two weeks before establishiing. In the grown vegetable tubers, the starch arrangement was determined utilizing the polarimetric method, the source of nourishment C composition was determined utilizing the visual titration design, the polyphenol composition was driven using the spectrophotometric design applying Folin's acid-base indicator, the antioxidant activity was driven using potassium permanganate titration, and the nitrate arrangement was determined utilizing an ion-selective terminal on an ion meter. The results of the research demonstrated that in potato tubers the vigor composition was the lowest in the control variant (14.9%), and the topmost in the variant with the organic product “Crop Rotation” (17.8%); the arrangement of vitamin C was rude in the control variant (18.9 mg/100 g), and it was the highest in the variant accompanying the biological device “Crop Rotation” (25.3 mg/100 g); the composition of polyphenols (in mg-eq of gallic acid per g of dry burden) was the highest in the variant accompanying the biological produce “Organic” (4.1), and the lowest in the control variant (3.0); antioxidant exercise (in mg-eq of gallic acid per g of dry weight)  was the lowest in the control variant (6.5), and it was the capital in the variants accompanying biological production "Organic" and "Crop rotation" (8.4); the arrangement of nitrates decreased completely experimental modifications in comparison accompanying the control variant. The application of advantageous bacteria and fungi into the soil considerably contributed to the bettering of the quality signs of grown potato tubers.

Author(s) Details:

S. P. Zamana,
State University of Land Use Planning, 15 Kazakova St., Moscow, 105064, Russia.

T. V. Papaskiri,
State University of Land Use Planning, 15 Kazakova St., Moscow, 105064, Russia.

T. D. Kondratieva,
Bioelements limited Office G56, The Bio Centre, Innovation Way, York Science Park, YO10 5NY, United Kingdom.

D. A. Shapovalov,
State University of Land Use Planning, 15 Kazakova St., Moscow, 105064, Russia.

T. G. Fedorovsky,
State University of Land Use Planning, 15 Kazakova St., Moscow, 105064, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIAS-V7/article/view/11851

Role of Vitamins and Nutrition in Old Age as Immune Modulator with Future Prospective | Chapter 6 | Research Highlights in Disease and Health Research Vol. 4

 Old age is best outlined as age of retirement namely 60 years and above. Nutrition for old age is famous as Geriatric Nutrition. Aging brings physical, psychological and immunological changes which influence the digestive status. Use of healthful food and Anti oxidant like Vitamin D, C and E can help the body immune answer against Virus.Present Dementia and CVD may share risk determinants like high intake of able to be consumed total fat. Emphasis should be situated on reducing the intake of type of fatty acid and choosing mono soggy or poly saturated fat sources. Sufficient consumption of ?-3 fatty acids helps in keen sight, hair loss, tissue swelling, improper digesting, poor sort function and mental depression. Study explain the role of these source of nourishment to for Host immune against aging. Due to decrease lust and poor digesting, old people devour less protein which grant permission lead to edema, anemia, and depressed resistance to contaminations. According to data from acute treatment studies of older women, up to 71% are nutritionally vulnerable or undernourished, that’s increased their humanness risk.

Author(s) Details:

Tahani Nasser Almofeed Altamimi,
Family Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, Family Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Hail, KSA.

Fahmida Khatoon Zahid Balouch,
Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Hail, KSA and United Medical College, Jinnah University, Pakistan.

Ruba Mustafa Elsaid Ahmed,
Pathology Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHDHR-V4/article/view/9938

Study about Encapsulation of Vitamin C into β‐Cyclodextrin: An Approach towards Advancement and Regulatory Release | Chapter 9 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 7

 By using dependable spectroscopic, physicochemical, and calorimetric approaches, the host-guest inclusion complexes of -cyclodextrin with two vitamins, nicotinic acid and ascorbic acid, in aqueous medium, have been investigated as a stabiliser, carrier, and regulatory releaser of the guest molecules. To demonstrate the host-guest assembly's 1:1 stoichiometry, job plots were created using UV-visible spectroscopy. The stereo-chemical structure of the inclusion complexes has been revealed using 2D NMR spectroscopy. The inclusion procedure is further strengthened by studies on conductivity and surface tension. Association constants for the vitamin-CD inclusion complexes have been determined using the van't Hoff equation and UV-visible spectroscopy. Then, using the Benesi-Hildebrand technique and a non-linear programme, thermodynamic parameters have been derived. Isothermal titration is used to measure the stoichiometry, association constant, and thermodynamic properties with accuracy. Isothermal titration calorimetric studies have been conducted in order to precisely quantify the stoichiometry, association constant, and thermodynamic properties. The results show a decrease in SO, which is offset by a greater negative value of HO, making the inclusion process as a whole thermodynamically advantageous. Based on their chemical structures, it has been determined that ascorbic acid has a greater association constant than nicotinic acid.

Author(s) Details:

Subhadeep Saha,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.

Sanjoy Barman,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.

Debadrita Roy,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.

Anupam Dutta,
Department of Chemistry, Alipurduar University, Alipurduar-736122, India.

Debabrata Biswas,
Department of Chemistry, Alipurduar University, Alipurduar-736122, India.

Kanak Roy,
Department of Chemistry, Alipurduar University, Alipurduar-736122, India.

Vikas Kumar Dakua,
Department of Chemistry, Alipurduar University, Alipurduar-736122, India.

Shatarupa Basak,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.

Koushik Baul,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.

Mahendra Nath Roy,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V7/article/view/8049

Investigating the Effects of Oxidative Stress Prevention Using DNA Aptamer (Aptamin C®) in Keratinocyte | Chapter 2 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 17

 One of the primary causes of many diseases is oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels exceed the cell's defence mechanisms, resulting in oxidative stress. Antioxidants are efficient against reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are a significant cause of oxidative stress. Antioxidants are crucial in our bodies because they scavenge free radicals, preventing them from causing damage to biological molecules. Vitamin C is a key antioxidant and is required for a variety of physiological processes such as collagen formation and neurotransmitter synthesis. Although vitamin C is widely utilised in cosmetic and medicinal products, it is easily oxidised by air, pH, temperature, and UV light, lowering its antioxidant efficacy and shortening the shelf life of vitamin C-containing products. To address this shortcoming, we created Aptamin C®, a novel single-strand DNA aptamer that boosts vitamin C's antioxidant efficiency by attaching to its reduced form and delaying oxidation. We used both in vitro and clinical testing to look into the effects of Aptamin C® and vitamin C complex on human skin. The Aptamin C® and vitamin C complex demonstrated effective ROS scavenging and anti-inflammatory actions, according to our findings.

Author (S) Details

Sooho Choi
Nexmos, Inc., 2207 U-Tower, 767, Sinsu-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Yoonjeong Hwang
Nexmos, Inc., 2207 U-Tower, 767, Sinsu-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Taejun Kim
Nexmos, Inc., 2207 U-Tower, 767, Sinsu-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Jeong Hoon Kim
Nexmos, Inc., 2207 U-Tower, 767, Sinsu-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V17/article/view/2605

Chemoprotective Studies of Some Preservatives against Spoilage Microorganisms Associated with Stored Roselle Juice and Their Resultant Effects on the Juice’s pH and Ascorbic Acid | Chapter 3 | Current Advances in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 9

 Four distinct roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) calyx extracts were preserved for eight weeks with different chemical preservatives (sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulphite, boric acid, and citric acid). A non-preservative control sample was also kept for the same amount of time. They were monitored for changes in pH, ascorbic acid concentration, and microbial population on a weekly basis. The goal of the study was to see how chemical preservatives affected the pH, vitamin C, and microbial population of the extract during storage. Except for the sample preserved with sodium benzoate, the vitamin C content of the complete juices was not statistically different (p = 0.05) up to the first three weeks of storage. Similarly, other samples were not significantly different (p = 0.05) in terms of pH, with the exception of samples stored without preservative and with sodium metabisulphite. Spoilage began between the third and sixth weeks of storage, with the exception of the control, and sodium metabisulphite suppressed microbial development until the end of the study week. In general, the results of this investigation demonstrated a decrease in pH (acidity), a decrease in ascorbic acid concentration, and an increase in microbial population when storage time was extended in all samples, but especially in the sample stored without preservative. In comparison to other juices stored with preservatives, the rate of change in pH and percentage reduction in ascorbic acid rose dramatically with storage time in the sample without preservative. The chemical preservatives prevented quick loss of vitamin C and reduced the growth of bacteria that may have caused the juice to degrade during storage, according to this study. Chemical preservatives are consequently recommended to extend the shelf life of this juice and make it more accessible throughout the year.

Author (s) Details

Lawrence Olusegun Ajala
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana, Nigeria.

Olayemi Mistura Ogunlowo
Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

Prof. Mathew Chidi Okafor
Department of Biochemistry, Plateau State University, Bokkos, Nigeria.

Valentine Ifenna Onwukeme
Department of Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.

Dr. Stella Nwaogo Ezem
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CACB-V9/article/view/2194

Investigation on the Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Unripe Fruit of Musa sapientum Linn in Combination with Vitamin C on Ulcer Induced Models in Experimental Rats | Chapter 10 | Recent Research Advances in Biology Vol. 6

 The aim of this study was to see how an aqueous extract of Musa sapientum Linn's unripe fruit combined with Vitamin C affected aspirin and ethanol-induced ulcer models in Wistar rats. It's a tropical plant whose fruit is commonly eaten as a healthy food all over the world.

Anti-ulcer research was conducted.

Between February and April 2016, I studied at the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics at Delta State University in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.

Methodology: For each model, 45 rats were divided into 9 groups of five. The animals were given doses of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg of Musa sapientum (MS) alone and in combination with Vitamin C 100 mg/kg (1:1), while another group received Vitamin C 100 mg/kg and the control group received distilled water. A separate group received omeprazole 20 mg/kg. The animals' stomachs were cut for inspection after they were sacrificed.

Results: In both models, the aqueous extract of unripe Musa sapientum Linn fruit showed a substantial (P0.05) reduction in ulcers, which was boosted by the addition of Vitamin C.

Conclusion: Vitamin C potentiates the anti-ulcerogenic activity of unripe Musa sapientum fruits in rats, according to this report.

Author (s) Details

Emuesiri Goodies Moke
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.

Lisa Iziegbe Omorodion
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.

Hitler Augustine Akpoguma
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.

Precious Imere
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.

Ejiroghene Ahante
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RRAB-V6/article/view/815

Modification of Biochemical Derangements and VEGF Secretion May Prevent Diabetic Retinopathy (DR): An Advance Study | Chapter 6 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 Unused, massive intracellular glucose in insulin-independent tissues, such as the retina, has many consequences: I increased formation of advanced glycation end products, (ii) polyol pathway activation, (iii) anaerobic glycolysis, (iv) glutamate toxicity, (v) lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, and (vi) convergence to up regulation of antigenic peptides. The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the effects of one type of intervention on the development of DR: B-vitamin supplementation (B1, B2, B3, B5, and B6), vitamin C, and vitamin E supplementation on amelioration of biochemical derangements related to DR development. In this unblended randomised trial, 400 diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were randomly assigned to receive oral antidiabetic medication along with B-vitamins, vitamin C, and vitamin E or only antidiabetic medication to offer the study and monitored population from December 2004 to December 2017. Preliminary tasks were completed as follows: To begin, thorough fundoscopic examinations at baseline were sufficient to rule out the existence of retinopathy. Second, were baseline biochemical parameters such as NAD+, NADH, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), malondialdehyde (MDA), VEGF, and VEGFR2 measured in the blood? Finally, yearly fundoscopic exams were recorded in order to identify DR symptoms. The following conclusions were reached as a result of these efforts: 32 of the 187 (17.11%) patients who obtained B-vitamins, vitamin C, and vitamin E supplementation experienced very mild microangiopathy. 92 patients out of 200 (46%) with diabetic retinopathy experienced mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Thirteen patients from the research group were counted as missing from the study's observation. The results lead to the following conclusion: To avoid biochemical derangements that lead to increased expression of VEGF, precursors of oxidised cofactors and antioxidants should be supplemented to the glycolysis and citric acid cycle.

Author (s) Details

Lakshmi Kanta Mondal
Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Kolkata, India.

Subhasish Pramanik
Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India.

Sriparna De
Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.

Suman K. Paine
Regional Medical Research Centre ICMR, Dibrugarh, India.

Gautam Bhaduri
MGM Medical College, Kissangang, Bihar, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V6/article/view/628

A Mini Review on Nutrition and Oral Health | Chapter 2 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 1

Nutrition is an important component of systemic health because it helps to maintain a balance between the good and ill states. It plays an important role in preserving oral health as part of our daily diet and as a supplement. This article focuses on the importance of different nutrients in preserving oral health. When nutritional and dietary supplements are used in combination with medicinal or mechanical care for various oral diseases, the outcomes are better. Clinicians and health-care staff should consider dietary modifications as a way to achieve extra benefits during the recovery process.

Author (s) Details

Nireeksha
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A. B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Deralakatte, Mangalore-575018, Karnataka, India.

Mithra N. Hegde
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A. B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Deralakatte, Mangalore-575018, Karnataka, India.

Suchetha Kumari N.
Department of Biochemistry, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy Nitte University, Deralakatte, Mangalore-575018, Karnataka, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V1/issue/view/38

Research on Effectiveness of Vitamin C in the Treatment of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Diseases: A Case Study | Chapter 7 | Trends in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol.2

Vitamin C has been shown to be useful in the treatment of anemia of chronic diseases, but there is insufficient evidence to recommend it in the management of anemia in patient with chronic illness, with chronic kidney disease. We performed a small control study to probe if high dose intravenous vitamin C will raise the hemoglobin and improve the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.
We screened six patients and the study was performed from September to December of 2015, but one quit prior to begin the study. Their age ranges from 37 to 95 years-old, and three are male and two female. Their mean hemoglobin went up from 8.6 g/dL to 9.7 g/dL after they received vitamin C 10 g IV weekly for 6 weeks. The CRP level had a 41.4% effective reduction and their performance status & quality of life as per the questionnaire improved. 
We demonstrated a clinical benefit of high dose intravenous vitamin C in anemia of chronic diseases even though a small study. We recommend to perform a randomized controlled study with larger sample in a future.

Author(s) Details

Raúl H. Morales-Borges
Integrative Optimal Health of Puerto Rico, New Alliance Integrative Research, San Juan, PR.

Krystal M. Rivera-Rodríguez
Specialized School of Science, Mathematics, and Technology (CIMATEC), Caguas, PR

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/192