The Impact of Chronic Diseases on Attitudes towards Aging among the Chinese Elderly |Chapter 4 |Contemporary Research and Perspectives in Biological Science Vol. 2

 

Background: With the acceleration of the global aging process, how to actively respond to the problem of population aging has attracted increasing attention from the academic community. Previous studies have shown that chronic diseases and attitudes toward aging are two important factors affecting healthy and positive aging.

 

Objective: To understand the prevalence of chronic diseases and attitudes towards aging among the elderly, and to explore the relationship between these two factors.

 

Methods: On the basis of reviewing previous literature, this article clarifies the concepts of aging attitudes and chronic diseases, analyzes the impact of chronic diseases and aging attitudes on the lives and health of the elderly, and based on this, elaborates on the impact of chronic diseases on the aging attitudes of the elderly and its impact pathways.

 

Results: As a result, suffering from chronic diseases has a significant negative impact on the aging attitudes of elderly people. Compared with elderly people who do not suffer from chronic diseases, those who suffer from chronic diseases have a more negative tendency toward aging attitudes. The impact of chronic diseases on attitudes towards aging is mainly achieved through frequent physical pain and discomfort, a significant decline in daily living abilities, increased treatment burden, and misconceptions about the disease.

 

Conclusion: Suffering from chronic diseases is one of the important reasons for elderly people to develop negative attitudes towards aging.

 

Author (s) Details

Hou Yongmei
Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpbs/v2/2193

 

Diet and Oxidative Stress: A Way Forward towards Prevention of Chronic Diseases | Chapter 9 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 10

Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defence mechanisms of a cell. It causes damage to the cellular environment. This forms the basic pathophysiology of most chronic diseases, including cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders. Dietary patterns significantly influence oxidative stress levels. Rich antioxidant diets are said to reduce ROS, whereas pro-oxidant diets promote oxidative damage. This chapter emphasises the complex relationship between diet and oxidative stress and looks at markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), among others. It stipulates how rich-in-antioxidant foods, including fruits and vegetables, as well as other micronutrients such as selenium, zinc, and magnesium, exert antioxidant effects against oxidative stress, while pro-oxidant dietary components-those foods that are processed, have high saturated fats, as well as sugars-push oxidative stress and inflammation. It also emphasises how different diets, Mediterranean, vegetarian, and Western diets affect oxidative stress. Evidence even shows that plant-based and Mediterranean diets are associated with reduced oxidative stress, whereas the Western diet encourages its increasing prevalence. Furthermore, research has revealed that oxidative stress is regulated by gut microbiota through diet effects. By making use of diets rich in antioxidants and reducing pro-oxidant intake, oxidative stress could be significantly brought down, thus giving an avenue of preventive management over chronic diseases. This chapter shall provide outlines on the role of diet as a modifiable risk factor to bring down oxidative stress and its long-term health effects.

 

Author (s) Details

Jothi Marie Feula A
Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurai, India.

 

Saravanan M
Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurai, India.

 

Anandhalakshmi S
Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurai, India.

 

James Rajesh J
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Madurai, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v10/3038

Microbiome-Based Therapeutics: The Future of Chronic Disease Management | Chapter 8 | Disease and Health: Research Developments Vol. 4

The gut microbiome, a complex community of microorganisms residing in the human gastrointestinal tract, plays an integral role in maintaining host health. Comprising trillions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms, the gut microbiome has become a focal point in understanding human physiology, immunity, and disease. Recent advances in microbiome research have illuminated its therapeutic potential in diverse health conditions, ranging from gastrointestinal disorders to systemic diseases like diabetes and depression. This review explores the therapeutic role of the gut microbiome, emphasizing its impact on health, mechanisms of action, and emerging therapeutic applications.

 

Author (s) Details

Asim Kumar Basak
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, India.

 

Debayan Chakraborty
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v4/4163

A Potential Gateway to the Diagnosis of Chronic Diseases: Radioisotopes of Thallium | Chapter 9 | Current Perspective to Physical Science Research Vol. 3

 This study highlights about biomedical use of radioisotopes of Thallium. Radioisotopes are generally used to detect cracks in heavy mechanical systems, leak detection in long pipelines, and detect nuclear activities from nuclear weapons. Now a days, nuclear medicine is a specialized area of radiology that uses very small amounts of radioactive materials, or radiopharmaceuticals inside the body, to examine organ function and structure for diagnosis or to target and destroy damaged or diseased organs or tissue. Presently, different types of radionuclides are available, which include forms of the element technetium, thallium, gallium, iodine, and xenon but out of these thallium's radioisotope plays a crucial role in diagnosing chronic ailments like coronary artery disease (CAD) caused myocardial infarction, ischemia, etc. These diseases cause specific muscles or arteries to die or get blocked. Thallium acts as a radiopharmaceutical agent used for various purposes like purpose of CAD, parathyroid activity, coronary artery ischemia, and lymphoma. Out of the radioisotopes of thallium (201Tl) is best suited for diagnosing such diseases by tomography techniques like Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). In this chapter, an overview of how thallium can be used in a nuclear medicine to test the stress level in CAD mechanism of action as a tracer and perfusion imaging test by using SPECT is given. Diagnosis of Heart Conditions which help physicians identify regions of the heart that may be damaged or stressed, in Stress Testing by assessing the severity of coronary artery blockages and identifying areas of reduced perfusion during stress.

Author(s) Details:

D. P. Singh,
Department of Physics, School of Engineering Studies, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun-248007, Uttarakhand, India.

 Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPPSR-V3/article/view/12868

Role of Indian Spices and Biotherapeutics in Managing Chronic Disease| Chapter 4 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 4

The acceleration in the rate of chronic disease that involves insulin resistance has become of concern in various countries. The rate of most prevalent chronic diseases involve metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which is closely associated with diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. The primary aim of the study is to review the role of Indian spices and biotherapeutics in health and chronic disease. Databases searched for medical literature in this study include Pubmed database, Medline database, Research Gate Researcher Network, Mendeley Research Network and Academia.edu. Biotherapeutics and nutritional biotherapy have become important to reverse these global diseases. Drug biotherapeutics are essential to stabilize chronic disease with dietary interventions and fat consumption that determine biotherapeutics important to the treatment of endocrine and metabolic diseases. Biotherapeutics that involves Indian spice therapy requires assessment with relevance to insulin therapy, immunotherapy, antimicrobial therapy and drug therapeutics. Combined insulin therapy and Indian spice therapy regulate human insulin biological activity with relevance to the prevention of uncontrolled intracellular glucose levels and mitochondrial apoptosis. Biotherapeutics with nutritional biotherapy that involves the use of various nutrients such as magnesium and phosphatidylinositol (gm/day) is essential to insulin therapy. Factors such as stress, core body temperature and food quality influence biotherapeutics and Indian spice therapy with delayed spice clearance associated with mitochondrial dysfunction (cell apoptosis) and altered drug/caffeine therapy with relevance to the global diabetes pandemic. Monitoring of long-term Indian spice therapy may be required in future clinical trials in men with relevance to safety compared to diabetic individuals with insulin therapy and without Indian spice therapy.

Author(s) Details:

Ian James Martins,
Centre of Excellence in Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Nedlands, Australia, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia, McCusker Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Hollywood Medical Centre, Nedlands, Australia and School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Nedlands, Australia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RUDHR-V4/article/view/13755

A Recent Update on the Pharmacological Properties, Biosynthesis, Bioavailability, and Toxicological Effects of Zerumbone | Chapter 4 | Research Advances in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 9

 Zerumbone, a monocyclic sesquiterpene is a natural bioactive compound mostly found in the members of the family Zingiberaceae. It is commonly isolated from Zingiber zerumbet, a medicinal plant that has been used traditionally in treatment of different ailments like osteoarthritis, obesity, diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, gastritis, neuropathic pain, and atherosclerosis. Further, it has been identified to have different pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-hypersensitivity, chemotherapeutic activities, etc. The present study provides an updated overview of zerumbone with respect to its natural biosynthesis, natural plant sources, and pharmacological and toxicological effects of zerumbone. The present study will help in further research of this compound related to its different pharmacological properties.

Author(s) Details:

Sanasam Thoibi Devi,
Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal-795003, Manipur, India.

Keithellakpam Sanatombi,
Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal-795003, Manipur, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMB/article/view/12955

Antioxidant Supplements May Yield Undesired Outcomes | Chapter 4 | Current Advances in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 2

Although the possible side effects of antioxidants have not been properly evaluated or understood, the escalating use of antioxidant supplements has been challenged repeatedly. This study offers a detailed insight into the literature looking for possible targets in tissues and cells for antioxidants, with which they can interact to produce their toxic effects. Oxidants are cellular components that in cancer cells drive certain cellular main metabolic processes, and in the same cells they seem to weaken certain other metabolic pathways. By reducing apoptotic pathways and increasing energy output from glycolysis, excess deactivation by antioxidants can boost cellular survival. In addition, oxidants are essential immune reactivity factors, as well as immune cell metabolic activators that perform anti-microbial and anti-tumor activities, so the abolition of oxidant activity can hinder these vital functions. It is hypothesized that excessive intake of antioxidants will disturb the vital balance of oxidants-antioxidants, creating a new state of antioxidant stress, leading to enhanced cancer cell growth and weakened immunity. For the clinical case, a vital balance of antioxidant intake needs to be determined. Moreover, the possible molecular pathways that may contribute to this stress have been extensively investigated.

Author (s) Details

Fawwaz S. Al Joudi
Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CACB-V2/issue/view/16

Research on Effectiveness of Vitamin C in the Treatment of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Diseases: A Case Study | Chapter 7 | Trends in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol.2

Vitamin C has been shown to be useful in the treatment of anemia of chronic diseases, but there is insufficient evidence to recommend it in the management of anemia in patient with chronic illness, with chronic kidney disease. We performed a small control study to probe if high dose intravenous vitamin C will raise the hemoglobin and improve the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.
We screened six patients and the study was performed from September to December of 2015, but one quit prior to begin the study. Their age ranges from 37 to 95 years-old, and three are male and two female. Their mean hemoglobin went up from 8.6 g/dL to 9.7 g/dL after they received vitamin C 10 g IV weekly for 6 weeks. The CRP level had a 41.4% effective reduction and their performance status & quality of life as per the questionnaire improved. 
We demonstrated a clinical benefit of high dose intravenous vitamin C in anemia of chronic diseases even though a small study. We recommend to perform a randomized controlled study with larger sample in a future.

Author(s) Details

Raúl H. Morales-Borges
Integrative Optimal Health of Puerto Rico, New Alliance Integrative Research, San Juan, PR.

Krystal M. Rivera-Rodríguez
Specialized School of Science, Mathematics, and Technology (CIMATEC), Caguas, PR

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/192