Education and Medical Practice in Ancient Greece, the Alexandrian Period and the Western Roman Empire | Chapter 7 | Recent Trends in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 2

 Ancient Greece was a intensely religious, manlike and polytheistic civilization. Greek healing education and practice were jolted by supernatural and conscientious ideas all the while the pre-Hippocratic period.  With Hippocrates of Cos, the doctor transitioned from religious therapist to naturalist, as he surveyed sickness as an objective instinctive phenomenon for the first period. Medical schools were formed on a model of disciple instruction, with powerful ethical content, but no study plans or correct titles.  Later, the School of Alexandria, where the advantageous position of anatomy in history was generated, came to hold the main position in medical instruction.   In the cities of Cos, Cnido, and Alexandria medicine was instructed with an instructional model that persisted just before the first part of the Middle Ages, established: freedom (teacher and junior defined their own aims), disciple education (started from attention: “see how I invite to do battle so you can do it later”): education-learning process established the experience over the texts; strong moral content (do good and do no harm). During the Roman Empire, the hand of Claudius Galenus conserved and toughened Greek knowledge, and progress was fashioned in the creation of the first wards, an assortment of instruments, and healing specialization. Both the Greek and Roman periods were innocent religious influences, that encouraged recreational activity and rational medical information.  With a few irregularities, there was not one thing place for women.

Author(s) Details:

Luciana Acosta Güemes,
Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Universitario Cemic, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Ana Maria Cusumano,
Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Universitario Cemic, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTASS-V2/article/view/10524

Bioethics and Physical Medicine: From the Heritage of Asclepius and Hippocrates to the Contemporary Rehabilitation Clinical Practice| Chapter 4 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 7

 Current article proposes some parallels between the principles of the healing art of the god of Medicine Asclepius, the father of Medicine Hippocrates and the modern medical specialty Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM). Common principles of Asclepius tradition, Hippocratism and PRM include: application of natural therapeutic factors and methods, holistic approach, objective. In all cases, the goal is functional recovery of the patient and amelioration of his quality of life.

The present study sought to investigate the opinion of participants in rehabilitation process (academic staff, rehabilitation team and patients) – concerning their bioethical notions in the rehabilitation field and to realize a comparative evaluation of these perceptions in the early and long-term rehabilitation.

Our randomised double-blind study included 105 participants divided into five groups (21 participants per group). All respondents were given a standardised test that covered the principles of the UNESCO Declaration on Bioethics and the List of Bioethical Topics.

Many principles of the Declaration on Bioethics are closely related to Asclepius and Hippocrates traditions, as well as concerns of physical medicine and rehabilitation clinical practise, in particular: Human dignity and human rights, Autonomy; Consent; Equality and equity; Non-discrimination and non-stigmatisation (for patients with disability). From the list of bioethical topics, the marked most important issues were: Assisted suicide, Euthanasia, Human research, Neuroethics, Pain management.

Patients' consent, autonomy, human dignity, and research are regarded as the most important elements by members of the academic staff and the staff of PRM Departments. Patients in the early rehabilitation department rated the following as the most important: pain management, the right to use modern treatment and rehabilitation methods and devices, the right to use modern technical aids, and the right to select members of the rehabilitation team. Significant items for patients in the chronic phase were autonomy, home adaptation, the right to proper information, and the right to use contemporaneous treatment methods and devices. Bioethics is considered to be a crucial link between rehabilitation and human values by all respondents. We explain principal parallels between the tradition of Asclepius and Hippocrates and contemporaneous physical medicine.

Author(s) Details:

Ivet Koleva,
Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria and Long-term Care and Rehabilitation Hospital “Serdika” – Sofia, Bulgaria and University Hospital for Active Care - National Heart Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Borislav Yoshinov,
Medical Faculty of Sofia University – Sofia, Bulgaria.

Julieta Gerenova,
Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.

Todor Dimitrov,
Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.

Alexandra Traykovska,
Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.

Radoslav R. Yoshinov,
University of Telecommunications, Beijing, China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V7/article/view/8642