Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology is an indispensable tool for both pre-therapeutic inquiry and recurrence diagnosis. The importance of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of malignant tumours has been documented. However, a definite diagnosis based solely on FNAC is not always attainable. In routinely analysed FNA smears, there are some difficulties. They often have a very small amount of tissue material, and the lack of discernible tissue architecture in cytology smears makes diagnosis challenging. Traditional fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears frequently contain well-preserved live tissue fragments that are intact (tissue microbiopsies). Micro biopsies are described as live tissue fragments collected from cytology smears that are well maintained. They will contribute to the tumour ontogeny by providing information on tissue architecture. The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of microbiopsies in conventional/guided FNAC in providing a more precise diagnosis.
Aim: To investigate the role of tissue microbiopsies in conventional and guided fine needle aspiration cytology preparation, as well as the utility of microbiopsy fragments in cytological diagnosis precision.
Methods: In the Cytopathology laboratory of the Department of Pathology, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, a prospective study of the importance of tissue microbiopsies in fine needle aspiration cytology was studied and interpreted from June 2014 to June 2015. Swellings that were clinically palpable were evaluated in 100 cases.
Results: Out of 100 instances, 82 percent were classified as conventional FNAC, ten percent as USG guided, and eight percent as CT guided FNAC. With 34 cases (34 percent), lymph nodes had the highest yield of microbiopsies, followed by the breast (24 cases), thyroid (11 cases), lung (eight cases), salivary gland (seven cases), liver (four cases), bone and soft tissue (four cases), abdominal mass (three cases), pancreas (two cases), and ovary, spleen, and anterior mediastinum (one case each). Out of 100 cases, 56 percent were cancerous and 44 percent were benign. There were a total of 56 malignant tumours, with 41 (73.2%) being original tumours and 15 (26.8%) being metastatic tumours.
Conclusion: In situations of metastatic cancers, FNA smears including microbiopsies are more helpful in confirming the diagnosis, typing the tumour, and predicting probable primary sites than cytology alone. As a result, if employed in the evaluation of routine cytology samples, this technique can be used to improve the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC. Fine needle aspiration cytology aspirate with tissue microbiopsy, whether conventional, CT, or USG guided, is a helpful method in evaluating and identifying suspected lumps or tumours.Author(S) Details
A. R. Jaswanthini
Department of Pathology, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
K. Swaminathan
Department of Pathology, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
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