Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails that lasts for years. The clinical diagnosis of onychomycosis must be supported by direct microscopy and culture in order to identify the specific pathogen and effectively select antifungal treatment. The study's purpose was to find out how common onychomycosis is, as well as its cultural implications, in relation to many etiological elements.
Introduction: The most prevalent pathogens that cause onychomycosis are dermatophytes, however yeasts and non-dermatophyte moulds can also cause the disease.
Nail clippings from 90 clinically suspected cases of onchomycosis were obtained from the O.P.D. at the S.M.S. and E.S.I.C. hospitals in Jaipur. Trauma, infection, occupation, diabetes, and personal habits (smoking, for example) were all investigated exhaustively. The diagnosis was made utilising direct microscopy and a 20 percent KOH examination method, as well as fungal culture on SDA and Dermatophyte Test Media.
Out of 90 patients with onychomycosis, 80 (88.9%) tested positive for KOH, whereas 33 (36.7%) tested positive in culture. In this study, dermatophytes, non-dermatophytes, and yeasts were identified as etiological agents of onychomycosis. A prevalent kind of onychomycosis was discovered in patients with distal subungual onchomycosis. The most common species among culture positive cases was Trichophyton rubrum, followed by Trichophyton mentagrophyte and Trichophyton tonsurans. White superficial onychomycosis also yielded non-dermatophyte moulds, while Candida onychomycosis yielded Candida species. The majority of patients in our study were between the ages of 41 and 60, with males being the most commonly affected. According to the study, service class and sportsmen were the most common onychomycosis patients, followed by labourers, housewives, jobless, students, and farmers.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is possible to conclude that onychomycosis is a major public health concern, and that accurate diagnosis of onychomycosis using direct microscopy and fungal culture is essential for proper treatment.Author(S) Details
Richa Sharma
Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Jaipur, India.
Richa Saxena
Department of Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly (U.P.), India.
E. Rajni Sabharwal
Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Jaipur, India.
Ved Prakash Mamoria
Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Jaipur, India.
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