Food safety is an increasing concern around the world, especially given the relatively large number of soft drinks in the beverage market and their high consumption rate, particularly among youngsters. It's critical to assess the quantities of hazardous metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) residues in soft drinks, which, if present in excess of legal limits, could constitute a major public health danger. The goal of this study was to determine the levels of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd, As) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 16 commercial soft drinks sold in Awka using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and a Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The obnoxiousThe assessment was carried out utilising the United States Environmental Protection Agency's approach (USEPA). The results were compared to the legal drinking water limit established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the World Health Organization (WHO), the Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON), and the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) (FEPA). Pb has the greatest mean amount of 0.6116 mg/l, while Hg has the lowest at 0.0028 mg/l. The following is the sequence in which the metals' mean levels increased: Hg As a result, they pose no health risk in this investigation. The target hazard quotient (THQ) of Hg in the analysed samples is less than 1, indicating that it poses a health risk. Pb levels in 75% of the studied samples had THQ>1, indicating that it poses a health risk. The hazard index (HI>1), which is defined as the total risk of heavy metal toxicity, is larger than one. In the sample, the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values for Pb, As, and Cd were 6.25 percent, 31.25 percent, and 25 percent, respectively, representing a risk value of (10-6 - 10-4) that was greater than acceptable. The findings are concerning for the general public who are exposed to carcinogenic risk levels for As and Cd.
Author(s) Details
Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Chijoke Emmanuel Igwe
Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Peace Ukamaka Nome
Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Onyinye Mary Uchendu
Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Nwamkwere Godson
Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
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