The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of Psidium guajava and Piper betle aqueous extracts on the proliferation of cancerous cell lines, i.e. KB and HeLa cell lines. The IC50 of P. guajava and P. betle was calculated at 29.0 ± 0.4 and 29.5 ± 0.3 μg / ml , respectively, using the neutral red cytotoxicity assay, suggesting that both plant extracts are equally potent for the treatment of cancerous oral epidermal lesions. A less potent anti-proliferative activity was, however, reported by P. guajava with an IC50 of 51.0 ± 0.6 μg / ml against the HeLa cell line, while P. betle extract did not affect HeLa proliferation. The antiproliferative activity shown in nasopharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma cells by both P. guajava and P. betle aqueous extracts is indicative of their ability to be developed as neutraceuticals in the prevention and management of cancerous oral epidermal lesions. An additional benefit that would complement the use of P. guajava and P. betle as adjuncts in the formulation of oral health care products would be this cytotoxic property.
Author(s) Details
Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia.
R. Sujata
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
A. W. Norhanom
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
M. I. Adenan
Universiti Teknologi MARA Jengka Campus, 26400 Bandar Tun Abdul Razak, Pahang, Malaysia.
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