Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been one of the lethal tumours of increasing concern among the Indian population over the past two decades. In order to help tumour progression by controlling cell proliferation and tumour invasiveness, carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) modifies intracellular pH. It is an over-expressed hypoxia-inducible metalloenzyme in cancer cells. Improving host immunity by targeting the CAIX is necessary, thus destroying the progression of the tumour and improving the survival rate. Using 150 tissue blocks of histopathologically proven RCC patients, this research was performed. The ethical clearance was given by the Ethics Committee, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed University). The Biotin Streptavidin Immunoperoxidase approach was used to analyse CAIX. Scoring Q has been completed. To determine the comparison between the CAIX expression in tumour cells and their characteristic features such as histology, grade, and level, the Chi square test was performed. They used SPSS (version 20.0). The P value <0.05 was considered to be important. The objective was to evaluate the expression of Carbonic Anhydrase IX and its function as a possible biomarker in cases of Renal Cell Carcinoma. 74 percent of RCC cases were CA IX positive, while negative staining was seen in the adjacent normal tissue region. In this study, heavy and diffuse staining was demonstrated by most CcRCC patients (91.7 percent). The staining severity was inversely proportional to the grading of the WHO-ISUP. There is a good association in early cases of clear cell RCC with CA-IX expression. As a possible diagnostic marker, it may also prove useful in determining the prognosis and planning therapy for these tumours. Not only do tumour markers provide prognostic information to help classify patients at risk of recurrence or metastasis, but they may also promote the fair use of targeted therapeutic procedures.
Author(s) Details
Deepika Chandrasekaran
Department
of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research,
Chennai, India.
R. Padmavathi
Department
of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research,
Chennai, India.
Sandhya Sundaram
Department
of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research,
Chennai, India.
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