Tuesday, 9 September 2025

Overview of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Typing and Cross-Matching in Renal Transplantation | Chapter 8 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 9

 

Organ and tissue Transplantation have been introduced from time immemorial. Renal Transplantation is the most common among the solid organ transplantations. Renal transplantation is the primary treatment modality for end-stage renal disease. People are currently suffering from a global organ crisis, which further makes the renal transplantation process even more crucial and time-consuming. This study evaluates the HLA typing (HLA-A,-B, DR) in chronic kidney disease patients who attended a tertiary care hospital in the period from 2019 to 2023 for pre-renal transplantation workup.   In this study, only the living Donor transplantation was considered. In 7 patients, only the disease was detected early. The transplantation was done before any need for dialysis. Mostly they were related donor. 45 cases were unrelated donors. In this study, the PCR SSP method was used. Histocompatibility testing is the most basic part of renal transplantation. Tissue typing and cross-matching are the main tests done before transplant. The recipient donor compatibility can be assessed by this method for successful transplantation.  DNA-based HLA typing is now popular everywhere. Serological HLA typing, which was used previously, has now become obsolete and replaced by DNA typing.  Complement Dependent Cytotoxicity ( CDC) Crossmatch plays an important role in every transplant. Flow Cytometry Crossmatch is also used in some centres. Virtual cross-match is also one type of sophisticated cross-match where the recipient’s antibody profile and the Donor’s HLA type are assessed virtually using a solid-phase assay. So HLA typing and cross-matching are the most important investigations for graft survival and to avoid graft rejection. Assessment of PRA and DSA also gives useful information regarding management.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Madhumita Mukhopadhyay
Department of Pathology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, India and JISMSR, Howrah, West Bengal, India.

 

Shivangi Kailash
Department of Pathology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v9/5983

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