Intraocular tumors occupy an important place among neoplasms
of the eye, second in frequency after eyelid tumors.
Due to their high malignancy, uveal melanomas pose a threat
both directly to the visual organ and to the patient's life itself.
It should be noted that in most cases (75%) uveal melanomas
affect people of working age, and most often they are diagnosed at the age of
31 - 60 years.
Thus, the problem of developing new and improving existing
methods of treating patients with uveal melanomas of the eye has not only
scientific and applied, but also medical and social significance.
Currently, instead of the previously used enucleation of the
eyeball, the emphasis is on organ-preserving treatment of uveal melanoma, the
advantage of which is not only in preserving the eye, but also preserving
vision in many patients. This is especially important for melanoma in the only
sighted eye. Radiation therapy, laser therapy, new methods of intraocular
surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and their combination are used.
Also, in recent years, a large amount of information has
accumulated in oncology, indicating a significant role of disorders of the
mechanisms of immunological control in the initiation and development of the
tumour process. This primarily concerns the suppression of the functional
activity of immunocompetent cells, in particular T-dependent lymphocytes and
mononuclear phagocytes in malignant tumours of various localisations, which was
taken into account by us when developing an additional treatment method using
alpha-2b-interferon (laferobion).
In this work, based on our own experience of practice in
ophthalmic oncology for more than 45 years, we draw the attention of ophthalmic
oncologists to the need for a systemic approach to the treatment of intraocular
melanoma. In addition to traditional treatment methods, we have included
alpha-2b-interferon (laferobion) (taking into account the body's antitumor resistance),
selective intra-arterial chemotherapy in the treatment method to increase the
sensitivity of tumor cells to local radiation therapy, as well as our own
surgical developments in intraocular tumor excision using a radiowave knife
(primarily for melanomas of the iris, ciliary body and preequatorial part of
the choroid) and the method of high-frequency electric welding (choroidal
melanoma). Our goal was to expand the indications for organ-preserving
treatment of intraocular melanomas and reduce the percentage of surgical and
postoperative complications. In our opinion, the work we have carried out and
the results presented in the book may be of interest to ophthalmologists.
Author(s) Details:-
Anatoliy
Parfentievich Maletskyy
State University "Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy named
after Filatov, V. P. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", Odessa,
Ukraine.
Liudmila Mykolaivna
Velichko
State University "Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy named
after Filatov, V. P. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", Odessa,
Ukraine.
Mykola Mykolaiiovich
Umanets
State University "Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy named
after Filatov, V. P. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", Odessa,
Ukraine.
Olena Victorovna
Khomyakova
State University "Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy named
after Filatov, V. P. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", Odessa,
Ukraine.
Natalia Mikhilivna
Bigun
Regional Clinical Hospital, Ukraine.
Yevhenii Andriiovich
Chumakov
State University "Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy named
after Filatov, V. P. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", Odessa,
Ukraine.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-992493-8-7
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