As the world's population grows, so does the need to enhance food production efficiency. Irrigation is a basic instrument for economic and sustainable development, but water availability is limited, forcing farmers to progress in boosting water productivity. Irrigation consumes over 70% of all available fresh water, with a water application efficiency of around 40%. To attain high levels of water productivity, irrigation systems must adhere to strict design criteria. Maintenance is required to keep those systems operating at their optimal levels. Finally, to obtain low water footprint values, daily precision system management, tracking soil water potential, considering effective rain storage at root level of the crop and the evolution of daily evapotranspiration, and safeguarding natural resources are important. The goal of this project is to provide tools for deciding how to build and irrigate drip irrigation systems efficiently while considering the recession phase. The Uniformity Coefficient of Christiansen (UCC) was 95,14 percent in an 8-year drip irrigation system, whereas the Uniform Coefficient of the Minor Quart (UCMQ) was 93,16 percent. When the measurements were completed and the irrigation systems were turned off, the Total Distribution Efficiency (EDT) was 95.13 percent. EDT was 95.13 percent when measurements included the volume collected during the "recession phase in drip irrigation" and the "volume of water collected during the recession phase" measured at various sites. Furthermore, the EDT was 91,85 percent, 9,47 percent, and 90,30 percent, respectively, when three different typical soils of the area were evaluated, based on the varying water storage capacity of each soil. The Total Distribution Efficient is a powerful approach for evaluating drip irrigation system design and management under various design criteria, management practises, and system maintenance. Between 2010 and 2015, the water footprint of fresh fruit was measured at 846, 310, 223, 212, 172, and 218 litres per kg.
Author(S) Details
A. Pannunzio
University of Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4500, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
E. A. Holzapfel
Centro de Recursos Hídricos para la Agricultura y la Minería. Casilla 537, Chillán, Chile.
P. Texeira
University of Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4500, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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