Peripheral nerve injuries are distinct from central nervous system (CNS) injuries, which often affect end-target organs and can result in denervation and function loss. For functional nerve healing, it's critical to speed up peripheral nerve regeneration. The direct upregulation and release of neurotrophic factors by human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSC) promotes sciatic nerve repair and regeneration, according to a prior study. The immunomodulatory role of hWJ-MSC in sciatic nerve healing, on the other hand, is unknown. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the effects of hWJ-MSC on innate immunity, as represented by macrophages, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells, as well as adaptive immunity, as represented by CD4+ T, CD8+ T, B, and regulatory T cells (Tregs). On POD7, 15, 21, and 35, a significantly higher level of Tregs was found in blood, lymph nodes (LNs), and nerve-infiltrating cells. In the LNs and nerves of hWJ-MSC-treated mice, anti-inflammatory cytokines such IL-4 and IL-10 were dramatically elevated. Treg depletion reversed hWJ-beneficial MSC's effects on sciatic nerve healing. Treg treatment, on the other hand, aided functional recovery of the five-toe spread and gait stance. TGF- and IL-35, two anti-inflammatory cytokines, were found abundant in hWJ-MSC. This study found that hWJ-MSC induce Treg formation to alter the balance between pro- and anti-inflammation by secreting larger quantities of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the damaged sciatic nerve.
Author (s) DetailsAline Yen Ling Wang
Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
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