Investigation of the Anatomical Variability of the Trunk and Root Tissues of Rhizophora racemosa (G. Mey) and Avicennia germinans (Linné): A Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals and Pollution Effects on Mangrove Trees Study | Chapter 9 | Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 2

 Aim: To assess the anatomical heterogeneity between R's wood tissues. A. and Racemosa. Germinans and to monitor the effect of the contamination of metal trace elements (MTE) on the chemical composition and the natural longevity of these mangroves in Gabon. Style of the Research: For this study, laboratory-experiment design was used. Study position and duration: Fresh roots and trunks of R. A. and Racemosa. Germinans have been obtained at Libreville's non-polluted sites of the Oveng and Ayémé Coastal mangroves. Wood samples from contaminated MTE were collected at Libreville's Alénakiri public discharge mangrove. The research was performed at LaReVa Bois in Gabon and LERMAB at the University of Lorraine in France from March 2015 to July 2020. Methodology: After microtome cutting and optic microscopy study, the vessel and sclerous cell diameter (μm) and their corresponding number / mm2 were determined. After accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), the extractive material was obtained and MTE was detected by scanning electronic microscopy ( SEM) coupled with EDS and X-ray microanalysis. Gas chromatography coupled mass spectroscopy (GC-M) has determined the chemical composition of organic compounds. Based on the mass loss of samples exposed to the white rot-fungus (T. versicolor) and the brown rot-fungus (P. placenta), the natural toughness of the wood was monitored. Results: It has been discovered that A. In cell number / mm2, germinan roots were less abundant than their trunk, which had the highest cell diameter. R. The racemose roots and trunk showed no substantial difference between the number of their cells. The trunk of that mangrove tree, however, showed the greatest diameter of cells and rather traumatic channels. Between their trunk vessel diameters, some interspecies variability was established. However, substantial variations were found in the number / mm2 of their vessels; A. In vessels, the germinan trunk was richer compared to R. Racemosa. Racemosa In vessels, the roots of the latter were more concentrated and showed the highest cell diameters. Within R, large parenchyma bands and sclerous cells were absent. Racemosa because they became wealthier in A. The germinans of the trunk and roots. In the highest heavy metals bio-remediation of Avicenniaceae than Rhizophoraceae, the occurrence of those anatomical structures which store substances was thought to function. Wood from A. Metallic trace element (MTE) contamination exposed germinants have not demonstrated significant chemical improvements in low molecular weight fatty acids and polar molecular content.

Author(s) Details


S. B. Mabicka Iwangou
Laboratoire de Recherche et de Valorisation du Matériau Bois (LaReVa Bois), Ecole Normale Supérieure d’Enseignement Technique (ENSET), BP. 3989, Libreville, Gabon and Université de Lorraine, Inra, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), Faculté des Sciences et Technologies Boulevard des Aiguillettes BP 70239. 54506 Vandœuvre lès Nancy Cedex-France.

P. Soulounganga
Laboratoire de Recherche et de Valorisation du Matériau Bois (LaReVa Bois), Ecole Normale Supérieure d’Enseignement Technique (ENSET), BP. 3989, Libreville, Gabon and Laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire des Sciences, Ecole Normale Supérieure, BP 17009, Libreville, Gabon.

A. Besserer
Université de Lorraine, Inra, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), Faculté des Sciences et Technologies Boulevard des Aiguillettes BP 70239. 54506 Vandœuvre lès Nancy Cedex-France.

R. Safou Tchiama
Laboratoire de Recherche et de Valorisation du Matériau Bois (LaReVa Bois), Ecole Normale Supérieure d’Enseignement Technique (ENSET), BP. 3989, Libreville, Gabon and Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques, Unité de Recherche en Chimie (URChi), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, BP. 941, Franceville, Gabon.

C. Ndoutoume
Laboratoire de Recherche et de Valorisation du Matériau Bois (LaReVa Bois), Ecole Normale Supérieure d’Enseignement Technique (ENSET), BP. 3989, Libreville, Gabon.

T. Andzi Barhé
Laboratoire de Recherche et de Valorisation du Matériau Bois (LaReVa Bois), Ecole Normale Supérieure d’Enseignement Technique (ENSET), BP. 3989, Libreville, Gabon and Laboratoire de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée (LARCA), Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Congo.

P. Gerardin
Université de Lorraine, Inra, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), Faculté des Sciences et Technologies Boulevard des Aiguillettes BP 70239. 54506 Vandœuvre lès Nancy Cedex-France.


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