The River That Can’t Breathe: Domestic Waste Disposal and Broken Ecosystems in Thenpennai | Chapter 4 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 8

 

Water, which nearly makes up the entire Globe, is the most basic natural resource and is necessary for life. Therefore, its quality and distribution play an important role. Riverine system pollution has been a major problem as it has an impact on the aquatic organisms in the rivers and the lives that depend on them. The lack of adequate surface water quality protection measures and poor sanitation practices have made river body pollution a serious concern. Thenpennai River is one among them where the soil and water of the river have been polluted due to the disposal of waste. The main objective of this study is to assess the water quality and to screen the amount of domestic waste present in the river, which is the major cause of water pollution. This study analyses the physiochemical parameters of soil and water due to the dumping of waste. The study also evaluates the amount of Biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes. Water and soil samples were collected monthly from two sites (Site 1 and Site 2) between November 2023 and January 2024. Results obtained from the samples of the Thenpennai River show elevated variations from the standard values. The significance t-test was performed. Findings show that the pH levels at both sites remained within WHO permissible limits, with slight variation observed at Site 1 and stable readings at Site 2. Elevated Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were recorded at both sites, with Site 1 showing higher values. BOD and COD levels at Site 2 remained within WHO permissible limits with minimal variation, while Site 1 showed elevated COD and BOD levels exceeding standards. The mean pH value of the soil sample was 8.15, which is higher than the standard value. Based on statistical evidence, non-biodegradable waste has been seen as a main cause of pollution that creates a threat to the ecosystem and may have a major impact on human health. It has also been determined that the contamination in soil and water samples is due to organic and inorganic wastes, which result from inappropriate disposal of waste materials. Therefore, the sample site of the Thenpennai River is unsuitable for human consumption and for the cultivation of fish. This study underscores the urgent need for corrective measures to improve water quality for future sustainability.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Abinaya S
PG and Research Department of Zoology, Ethiraj College for Women (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

L. Shakila
PG and Research Department of Zoology, Ethiraj College for Women (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Reiana Jenifer S
PG and Research Department of Zoology, Ethiraj College for Women (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Sowmiya S
PG and Research Department of Zoology, Ethiraj College for Women (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v8/6436

Influence of Environmental Factors on the Seasonal Dynamics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Fresco Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire | Chapter 5 | Current Research on Geography, Earth Science and Environment Vol. 3

 

The Fresco lagoon, one of the essential components of the Ivorian lagoon system and located in the southwest of Côte d'Ivoire, contributes to the economic and tourist development of the country. This study, conducted from June 2019 to May 2020, highlights the strong pressure that the Fresco lagoon is under due to human activities in its watershed. Pollutants from these activities, mainly consisting of organic matter, are released into the natural environment without prior treatment. Then, the mineralisation of organic matter, influenced by the physicochemical factors of the water, leads to a phenomenon of eutrophication, due to the enrichment of the water with nitrogen and phosphorus. Eutrophication is one of the causes of mortality of aquatic biodiversity due to low dissolved oxygen levels. The objective of this study is to monitor the seasonal dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the waters of two locations in the Fresco lagoon, designated Zone I and Zone II. To do this, the physicochemical parameters were determined using a multiparameter and the ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-) and phosphate (PO43-) contents by spectrophotometric assay. The statistical components such as the mean (m), the standard deviation (s), the coefficient of variation (CV (%)), the minimum value (Min), the maximum value (Max) and the normalised principal component analysis (NPCA) were assessed. The results reveal high temperatures in the long dry season (32.04±0.52°C in zone I and 30.59±0.90°C in zone II), low dissolved oxygen contents in the short rainy season (1.40±0.43mg/L in zone I and 1.78±0.06 mg/L in zone II) and acidic waters in the long rainy season (pH = 6.25±0.08 in zone I and pH = 6.31±0.53 in zone II). Nitrate (16.77±9.82 mg/L) and phosphate (3.28±3.20 mg/L) levels in Zone II are relatively high during the short rainy season and the long dry season, respectively. These high levels characterise a eutrophic environment. Decontamination of wastewater before its discharge into nature, regular monitoring of the health of this ecosystem and public awareness of environmental protection could contribute to improving water quality.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Yè Nicaise OUATTARA
Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM) de l’Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Ake Pierre AKE
Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM) de l’Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Adama Diarrassouba TUO
Centre de Recherches Océanologiques (CRO), 29, Rue des Pêcheurs – BP. V 18 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Albert TROKOUREY
Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM) de l’Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v3/6430

Zooplankton Diversity and their Monthly Variation Reflecting Cultural Eutrophication of Chakki Talab, Bodhan, Telangana, India | Chapter 11 | Contemporary Research and Perspectives in Biological Science Vol. 3

 

The present work aimed to determine the monthly variations of zooplankton, the potent biological indicators to know the ecological status of Chakki Talab, Bodhan, India. Multiple studies have made a consistent and crucial realization that zooplankton taxa are rapid responders to many environmental stressors, such as hydrological changes, climate changes and anthropogenic activity-induced water pollution. Chakki Talab, located in Bodhan, Telangana, India, is one of the urban lakes in the country facing challenges from excessive nutrient input, which contributes to cultural eutrophication and subsequently degrades water quality. In freshwater bodies, zooplankton play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance and are used as potential bioindicators for assessing water quality, biological monitoring and changing trophic conditions. In the study conducted over a year, from October 2015 to September 2016, the zooplankton diversity of Chakki Talab was assessed on a monthly basis. The relative abundance of zooplankton was observed to be highest with Rotifera (31%), followed by Ostracoda (27%), Protozoa (21%), Copepoda (11%), Chironomidae (9%), and Cladocera (1%). The predominance of Rotifera, throughout the investigation indicates a significant influx of nutrients into Chakki Talab from nonpoint sources. To mitigate the impact of nutrient overloading and to preserve the ecological status of Chakki Talab, it is advisable to implement ongoing monitoring and management strategies. Continuous surveillance is crucial to track changes in water quality and to ensure the sustainability of this freshwater ecosystem.

 

Author (s) Details

Lingampally Vasudha
Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

 

Solanki V.R.
Department of Zoology, University College of Science, Saifabad, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

 

S. Sabita Raja
Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpbs/v3/2600

Centennial Ecological Shifts in Western Jakarta Bay: Insights from Short Core Investigation | Chapter 7 | Current Research on Geography, Earth Science and Environment Vol. 2

 

Hypoxia is a widespread aquatic problem caused by a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors. Eutrophication poses a significant threat to the coastal waters, triggering hypoxia that has a twofold impact on aquatic ecosystems. Firstly, it reduces oxygen availability for biotic respiration, and secondly, it enhances the toxicity of certain minerals, further exacerbating the environmental stress. Coastal areas, such as Jakarta Bay, have been facing significant environmental pressures due to development intensity and various scales of human activities for more than a century. This study investigated the hypoxic condition in the western part of Jakarta Bay using benthic foraminifera (Ammonia and Elphidium) as proxies, the AE-index. Sampling was conducted in 2016 using a short core sampler, and Pb-210 scanning was used to determine the age of sediment deposition. The results revealed a notable increase in the AE-index from the late 1970s to early 1990s, coinciding with a rise in concentrations of four metals: Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn. The main factor contributing to the increase in environmental stress in Jakarta coastal waters is the change of Jakarta’s governance status to a Special Capital Region led to a population surge and accelerated regional development. This research reveals evidence of periodic hypoxia in the western part of Jakarta Bay over several centuries, attributed to the rapid development along the northern coast of Jakarta and its surrounding regions.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ricky Rositasari
Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara, 1440, Indonesia.

 

Fitri Budiyanto
Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara, 1440, Indonesia.

 

Reza Cordova
Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara, 1440, Indonesia.

 

Rachma Puspitasari
Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara, 1440, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v2/5296

Principles and Constructs of Environmental Pollution Studies | Book Publisher International

 

This book is entitled ‘Principles and Constructs of Environmental Pollution Studies’. Though it talks more about water and the atmosphere, some concepts of waste management were properly elucidated. The challenges associated with the global anthropogenic inputs cannot be over-emphasised. This book is centred on environmental pollution, particularly water, atmospheric composition, waste and waste management, food additives and preservatives. The need to give more detailed information and concepts of environmental studies necessitated the birth of this compendium. This book gives easier and well-understood meanings and definitions of salient concepts such as climate change, global warming, the greenhouse effect, acclimation, pollutants, contaminants, additives, and preservation. Some of these additives have been found to be lethal and toxic to humans. There is a need for undergraduates, graduates, environmentalists and lovers of the environment to read about the conservation of the ecosystem as shown in this book. This is because the environment remains our only inheritance and legacy for the present and future generations so as to attain sustainable development.

 

Author(s) Details

Iyama, William Azuka

Institute of Geosciences and Environmental Management, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Nwagbara, Victor Uzoma

Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48006-87-5

Land Use Changes and Morphological Evolution of Man-Made Lake System in Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire | Chapter 2 | Current Research on Geography, Earth Science and Environment Vol. 1

The man-made lakes of Yamoussoukro were designed in the 1970s to embellish the city. The rapid siltation of the lakes of Yamoussoukro is due to sediment transport, linked to erosion in the watershed due to human activities, including urbanisation and agriculture. On the other hand, accelerated eutrophication is due to the discharge of untreated wastewater and solid waste into the lakes and the lack of a lake monitoring and maintenance plan. The objective of this study is to evaluate the dynamics of land use and the evolution of the morphology of the man-made lake system of Yamoussoukro. The municipality of Yamoussoukro encloses ten man-made lakes which have been designed for the embellishment of the city and the regulation of rainwater. However, despite their ecological, tourist and economic importance, human activities in the lake watersheds are causing a deterioration in water quality and siltation of the lakes’ reservoirs. A study of land use was carried out through an analysis of satellite images from 1988 to 2018, coupled with a sedimentological study to assess the dynamics of land use and its impacts on the man-made lake system of Yamoussoukro. Land use and bathymetric maps show that the watershed suffered a significant degradation from 1988 to 2018. The granulometric and mineralogical analyses carried out on the sediments collected during this study showed that the sediments that fill the bottom of the lakes are made up of mud, fine sand and medium sand. The resulting erosion, wastewater and household waste dumped into the lakes through a lack of adequate sanitation systems accelerate the deterioration of the lake environment. The siltation and eutrophication of the Yamoussoukro lakes are very noticeable and pronounced. Hence, the gradual disappearance of these water bodies is being witnessed. The restoration of the integrity of the lakes and the implementation of a monitoring plan for the lake environments of Yamoussoukro city are necessary to embellish the city, improving the quality of the environment, developing tourism and preserving biodiversity.

 

Author (s) Details

Kouassi Kouakou LAZARE
Department of Environment, Jean Lorougnon Guédé University, Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

N’Guessan Kouamé ANDRÉ
istrict of Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire and Department of Sciences and Environment Management, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan,            Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Brou Loukou ALEXIS
Department of Environment, Jean Lorougnon Guédé University, Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Karim Sory TRAORÉ
Department of Sciences and Environment Management, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v1/4493

Detection and Analysis of Harmful Algal Blooms and Fish Mortalities in Jakarta Bay Via Satellite Imagery | Chapter 1 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 5

The coastal region of Jakarta Bay is susceptible to fish mortality and harmful algal blooms (HAB), often triggered by human activities and environmental changes. This study analyzed data from the Terra and Aqua MODIS satellites collected between 2004 and 2015 to measure chlorophyll-a levels indicative of algal blooms. The research aimed to identify and examine fish mortality and HAB in Jakarta Bay using satellite imagery. Multispectral and hyperspectral satellite data were processed to detect harmful algae distribution and fish mortality regions, integrating field data, biological water parameters, and remote sensing data. The findings suggest satellite imagery effectively monitors chlorophyll-a concentration variations, which is crucial for HAB detection. However, severe blooms do not always result in significant fish deaths. The primary cause of fish mortality was insufficient water circulation, which led to oxygen deficiency during peak blooms. The study highlights the potential of satellite-based monitoring for identifying and managing toxic algal blooms and fish deaths, providing essential data for water resource management in Jakarta Bay. Despite limitations like cloud cover, developing an early warning system (EWS) using satellite imagery is proposed as a revolutionary solution for algal blooms. This technique is vital for establishing an EWS in Jakarta Bay.

 

 

Author (s) details

Tumpak sidabutar
Research center for oceanography, national research and innovation agency (brin), jl. Pasir putih i, jakarta 14430, indonesia.

 

Endang s. Srimariana
Department of marine science and technology, faculty of fisheries and marine sciences, ipb university dramaga bogor, jawa barat 166680, indonesia.

 

H.a.w cappenberg
Research center for oceanography, national research and innovation agency (brin), jl. Pasir putih i, jakarta 14430, indonesia.

 

S. Wouthuyzen
Research center for oceanography, national research and innovation agency (brin), jl. Pasir putih i, jakarta 14430, indonesia.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v5/1234

Eutrophication, Nutrient Enrichment and Water Quality of Kaw Lake | Chapter 5 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 7

This article discusses the water quality of Kaw Lake using the Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI), which involves measuring Secchi disk transparency, chlorophyll-a, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus levels.  Since the early 20th century, lakes have been classified based on their trophic state into three categories: oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic. This classification relies on measuring Secchi disk depth transparency, chlorophyll-a levels, and total phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations. The primary goal of this study was to assess the productivity of Kaw Lake and algal biomass production by evaluating the interaction between nutrient concentrations—primarily total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a—and Secchi disk transparency as defined by the Carlson Trophic State Index. Excessive nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural runoff and wastewater, can reduce the water transparency, and decrease oxygen levels of the Kaw Lake ecosystem.

To determine the trophic state index, water samples were collected from the top of the lake to a depth of 6 meters, at vertical intervals of 1.2 meters. These samples were analyzed for nitrogen, phosphorus concentrations, and chlorophyll-a, at a certified commercial laboratory in Stillwater, Oklahoma, from January to December 2013 to 2015. The analysis of three years of TSI data revealed that the average TSI for Secchi disk transparency ranged from 61 to 70, chlorophyll-a from 42 to 55, total phosphorus from 99 to 104, and total nitrogen from 164 to 166. The study found that the Carlson TSI of Kaw Lake, excluding nitrogen, ranged between 67 and 74, indicating that the lake is classified as eutrophic to hypereutrophic. This condition necessitates measures to control runoff, sedimentation, and algal biomass. Furthermore, the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio indicates that Kaw Lake is predominantly nitrogen-limited. Understanding this nitrogen limitation is crucial for effective management interventions. This study suggests that managers and policymakers actively address eutrophication by implementing the best management practices (BMP) of the nonpoint source pollution (NPS) programs.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Dejene Alemayehu
Kaw Nation Environmental Department, Kaw City, OK 74641, Oklahoma, USA.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v7/4614

Phosphorus Dynamics in Water and Sediments and its Associated Hydrological Coupling with Environmental Characteristics of the Cochin Backwaters - Southwest Coast of India | Chapter 8 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 11

Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient that plays a key role in global biogeochemical cycles. Sediment phosphorus is an active component of phosphorus cycling in an estuary whose availability and movement play important roles in eutrophication. Release of phosphorus from sediments accelerates eutrophication in an estuary but the key process responsible for this phenomenon remains unclear. Depending upon the physicochemical characteristics, sediment-bound phosphorus can function as a source or sink for phosphorus to the overlying water column of an estuary. Understanding phosphorus sorption phenomena in sediments is important in regulating the availability of phosphorus in an estuary. A spatiotemporal study on dissolved inorganic phosphorus and phosphorus fractionation in sediments within the estuarine system of Cochin that is under the influence of freshwater runoff from rivers and saline water intrusion from sea reveals a hydrological coupling process with environmental parameters (e.g., tidal currents, pH and salinity) will facilitates our understanding about the sorption phenomena that regulating phosphorus cycling and ecological functioning of this ecosystem. The various fractions of phosphorus detected in sediments were iron-bound inorganic and organic phosphorus, calcium-bound inorganic and organic phosphorus, acid-soluble organic phosphorus, and alkali-soluble organic phosphorus. The main phosphorus pool identified in sediments of the Cochin estuary is calcium and iron-bound phosphorus compound which exerts a major control on dissolved inorganic phosphate concentration present in the water column. The heavy river runoff during the monsoon considerably lowers the water column's pH and salinity, enhancing phosphorus's adsorption from water to sediments. In contrast, the seawater incursion during the pre-monsoon increases the pH and salinity of the water column which enhances the desorption of phosphorus from sediments to the water column. Thus, during the monsoon period, sediments act as a sink of phosphorus that is derived from land-based sources, while during the pre-monsoon period, they function as a source of phosphorus to the overlying water column, both of which can alter the eutrophication events in the estuary. An increase in phosphorus availability in the water column of this eutrophic system can influence ecosystem productivity by intensifying nitrogen limitation which can encourage the growth of algae and other heterotrophic organisms with high phosphorus requirements. Precipitation/flocculation of dissolved inorganic phosphate within the estuarine salinity gradients (~ 15 – 30 psu), followed by its adsorption/desorption with iron oxy-hydroxides and calcium carbonate minerals that settle towards bottom sediments governs the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus in the Cochin backwaters.

 

Author (s) Details

 Rejomon George
CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India, Bishop Abraham Memorial College, Thuruthicad, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India and Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.

 

Martin, G.D.
CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India and Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.

 

Sini Jacob
Bishop Abraham Memorial College, Thuruthicad, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India.

 

Biju, A.
CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India and St. Stephens College, Pathanapuram, Kerala, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v11/4454

Lake Management: A Case Study | Chapter 9 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 3

Nowadays, the preoccupation with the environment is increasing. This awareness is a realistic and pragmatic choice owing to the numerous negative impacts of non-environmental-friendly technologies. Eutrophication is one of the major threats to aquatic ecosystems such as lakes. In terms, it may lead to the complete degradation of water quality as well as its environment. As the lake is deeply involved in many ecosystem services, the restoration of eutrophic lakes is very important. The analysis of the water quality of Efoulan Lake shows that Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Nitrate, CO₂ and orthophosphate were 0.08 mg/L, 34 mg/L, 40.5 mg/L and 40 mg/L respectively. This confirms the dystrophic character of the lake. The restoration solutions include dry dredging, sanitation of the River NTSOMO (the lake's tributary), and political measures to encourage the adoption of decentralized green systems.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Abanda Well Victorien Bienvenu
University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

 

Gideon A Ajeagah
University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.

 

George E Nkeng|
National Advanced School of Public Works, Yaounde, Cameroon.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v3/3191

Phosphate Removal from Water and Wastewater: A Novel Hybrid Exchanger Approach | Chapter 2 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 2

This study presents the development and performance of a new phosphate-selective sorbent, referred to as hybrid anion exchanger or HEX. The study introduces a novel phosphate-selective sorbent, HEX, which combines the durability of polymeric anion exchange resins with the high sorption affinity of hydrated ferric oxide. The development and performance of HEX are supported by laboratory kinetic studies, revealing its selective phosphate removal capabilities in the presence of competing anions. The application of the film diffusion equation provides insights into the kinetic behavior. Moreover, column and field trials demonstrate consistent and effective phosphate removal with minimal leakage, showcasing the potential practical significance of HEX in mitigating water pollution caused by phosphate discharge. Phosphate discharged into surface waters can stimulate plant growth, resulting in eutrophication of rivers and lakes. Environmental problems may develop as P moves off-site into aquatic systems. Removal of P from wastewaters has long been a concern of municipalities, and technologies have been developed to lower P concentrations in wastewaters. HEX combines durability and mechanical strength of polymeric anion exchange resins with high sorption affinity of hydrated ferric oxide (HFO) toward phosphate. HEX is mechanically strong, durable and did not show any sign of fragmentation during repeated use lab and field trials. This superior feature makes it suitable for long term applications. Laboratory kinetic studies show that HEX selectively removes phosphate from the background of much higher concentrations of competing sulfate, chloride and bicarbonate anions due to the combined presence of Coulombic and Lewis acid base interactions.  The kinetic data were analyzed using the film diffusion equation, and it was discovered that the exchange rate was controlled by the film diffusion process. Consistent results in the operating capacity of HEX resin with low phosphate leakage are also demonstrated by column and field studies.

Author(s) Details:

Renu Saraph,
Ion Exchange(I) Ltd., India and Neelkant Greens, B3/602, Aster, Manapada, Thane West, Pin code 400 610, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDCBR-V2/article/view/14110

From Conservation Crime to Cholera: Reflecting on the Environmental and Social Consequences of South Africa’s Undermanaged and Intensifying Wastewater Crisis | Chapter 3 | Recent Trends in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 6

 The diminishing state of municipal wastewater and sewage situation (under/mis)management in South Africa maybe regarded as the most important vector to the generous pollution and social challenges being knowledgeable in many parts of the country as well as being a principal subscriber to environmental and human health questions. The aim of this review search out expose the state’s incapacity to fulfil allure basic order at all three levels of governance (nationwide, regional, and local), to efficiently protect the rights and property of all bodies (natural and legal) and promote economic tumor by dint of amplifying the variable distance between the government and allure citizenry. This circumstances is procreated only by the State’s surrendered disregard for vulnerable water. This article supplies a philosophic overview of the tangible/social and aid delivery disconnect middle from two points government and common people realised by this tortuous and insular ‘approach’. It places in outlook the increasingly esoteric interface between flexible wastewater (under/mis)management (disrespect), on the one hand, and the enviro-public impact (victimisation) thereof, on the other and cautions against the incessant application of unacceptable duty delivery and prospering malfeasance/ incompetence.

Author(s) Details:

Friedo J. W. Herbig,

Department of Criminology and Security Science, School of Criminal Justice, College of Law, University of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTASS-V6/article/view/11409

Investigating the Effect of Dissolved Oxygen on Rotifers of Chakki Talab, Bodhan, Telangana, India | Chapter 10 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 3

The goal of this study was to see how dissolved oxygen affected the diversity and abundance of rotifers in Chakki talab, Bodhan, Telangana. Rotifer distribution and diversity are impacted by eutrophication and poor water quality in freshwater habitats. Rotifers from seven genera were researched from October 2015 to September 2016, and their density was affected by a little change in dissolved oxygen levels. The preponderance of the genera Brachionus and Keratella revealed Chakki talab's eutrophic status.

Author (S) Details

Vasudha Lingampally

Department of Zoology, Nizam College (A), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

V. R. Solanki

Department of Zoology, Nizam College (A), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

D. L. Anuradha

Department of Zoology, Nizam College (A), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

S. Sabita Raja

Department of Zoology, Nizam College (A), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V3/article/view/3943