Influence of Environmental Factors on the Seasonal Dynamics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Fresco Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire | Chapter 5 | Current Research on Geography, Earth Science and Environment Vol. 3

 

The Fresco lagoon, one of the essential components of the Ivorian lagoon system and located in the southwest of Côte d'Ivoire, contributes to the economic and tourist development of the country. This study, conducted from June 2019 to May 2020, highlights the strong pressure that the Fresco lagoon is under due to human activities in its watershed. Pollutants from these activities, mainly consisting of organic matter, are released into the natural environment without prior treatment. Then, the mineralisation of organic matter, influenced by the physicochemical factors of the water, leads to a phenomenon of eutrophication, due to the enrichment of the water with nitrogen and phosphorus. Eutrophication is one of the causes of mortality of aquatic biodiversity due to low dissolved oxygen levels. The objective of this study is to monitor the seasonal dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the waters of two locations in the Fresco lagoon, designated Zone I and Zone II. To do this, the physicochemical parameters were determined using a multiparameter and the ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-) and phosphate (PO43-) contents by spectrophotometric assay. The statistical components such as the mean (m), the standard deviation (s), the coefficient of variation (CV (%)), the minimum value (Min), the maximum value (Max) and the normalised principal component analysis (NPCA) were assessed. The results reveal high temperatures in the long dry season (32.04±0.52°C in zone I and 30.59±0.90°C in zone II), low dissolved oxygen contents in the short rainy season (1.40±0.43mg/L in zone I and 1.78±0.06 mg/L in zone II) and acidic waters in the long rainy season (pH = 6.25±0.08 in zone I and pH = 6.31±0.53 in zone II). Nitrate (16.77±9.82 mg/L) and phosphate (3.28±3.20 mg/L) levels in Zone II are relatively high during the short rainy season and the long dry season, respectively. These high levels characterise a eutrophic environment. Decontamination of wastewater before its discharge into nature, regular monitoring of the health of this ecosystem and public awareness of environmental protection could contribute to improving water quality.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Yè Nicaise OUATTARA
Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM) de l’Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Ake Pierre AKE
Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM) de l’Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Adama Diarrassouba TUO
Centre de Recherches Océanologiques (CRO), 29, Rue des Pêcheurs – BP. V 18 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Albert TROKOUREY
Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM) de l’Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v3/6430

River Encroachment in Dhaka City | Chapter 5 | Current Topics and Emerging Issues in Materials Sciences Vol. 2

 The affiliate aims at reviewing differing causes of river infringement in Dhaka with grave results of encroachment and suggesting measures that would insulate the rivers and assert ecological sustainability. Dhaka city is situated at the center point of the flat deltaic plain of the three major waterway systems containing the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghna. The city is surrounded by the distributaries of these rivers. They are the Balu and the Shitalakhya on the orient, the Turag on the west and north, and the Buriganga on the cold. Being expanded fast in an unplanned habit with the exceptional increase of population, land shortage and land price, Dhaka city’s peripheral district reached the banks of the waterways. Rivers of Dhaka are now under weighty threat of destruction due to step-by-step encroachment that is narrowing below the rivers. Thus, the waterways require next recovery conduct to minimize the adverse belongings of encroachment.

Author(s) Details:

Tazeen Fatima Khan,

Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Swarnali Mahmood,

Department of Coastal Studies and Disaster Management, University of Barishal, Barishal, Bangladesh.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTEIMS-V2/article/view/11312

Investigating of the Aba River Contamination Using Eichhornia crassipes as Bio-indicator | Chapter 11 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 2

 Eichhornia crassipies were used to investigate the seasonal variation of heavy metal contamination levels in the Aba River in Abia State, Nigeria. The presence of Macrophytes in rivers is frequently a strong indicator of heavy metal accumulation in water bodies. To cover the Nigerian rainy season and the Harmattan season, bi-monthly sampling was carried out. At the UST, PZA, ABT, and DST sampling points, iron (Fe) was more abundant, with a maximum concentration of 69.5 mg/kg in December/January. The lowest iron concentrations were found in UST and DST in April/May, and in PZA and ABT in October/November. Manganese concentrations at PZA and NBL peaked at 7 mg/kg during the dry season in October and November. The lowest concentrations were found in the Harmattan seasons of December/January at UST, PZA, and ABT. The varied concentrations of zinc (Zn) showed no pattern or trend except for a value of 9.7 mg/kg in October/November of ABT, whereas lead (Pb) metal was significantly identified in February/March (end of Harmattan) and April/May. During the seasonal study, (the start of the rains) During the months of June and July, chromium metal (Cr) was uniformly distributed but significant at NBL. Nickel (Ni) metal was found in trace amounts in the UST, PZA, and NBL. Copper was mostly detected during the rainy seasons of April/May and June/July, albeit at low levels compared to other metals. As a result, the most active level of heavy metals was found in the UST and PZA sampling points, while the phytochemical activity of heavy metals was highest during the Harmattan season. As a result, metal removal in Eichhornia crassipes occurred in the following order: Fe > Mn> Cr > Ni > Pb > Zn > Cd.

Author (s) Details

Dr. C. I. Akagha
Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.

Prof. V. I. E. Ajiwe
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe Universerty, Awka, Nigeria.

P. A. C. Okoye
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe Universerty, Awka, Nigeria.

Dr. C. O. Alisa
Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.

A. U. Nkwoada
Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.

View Book : https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V2/article/view/1218

Monitoring and Assessment of Pollution-Induced Dissolved Oxygen Variation in River Challawa | Chapter 5 | Recent Advances in Science and Technology Research Vol. 8

 The indiscriminate dumping into the river of waste water and urban sewage may have a detrimental effect on the health of aquatic life. The goal of the study is to investigate the impact of industrial effluent on the water quality of the Challawa River. Chemical analyses of river water samples collected at predetermined sampling points along a stretch of 10,644 km were carried out and ANOVA and regression analyses were carried out. The results obtained indicated that the DO values ranged from 2,4 mg/l to 1,9 mg/l, while the BOD5 values ranged from 443 mg/l to 1654 mg/l; the COD values ranged from 1296 mg/l to 4565 mg/l. For the River Challawa, the self-purification factor (f) ranges between 0.40 per day and 0.56 per day, putting the river as a highly polluted stream in the slow stream group. Results showed that the integration of the variability of k₂ in the determination of the oxygen sag equation predicted values closer to the measured values than when it was ignored.The predictions suggested substantial relationship with the observed values at 95 percent level of significance.

Author(s) Details

Dr. T. A. Adedokun
Department of Civil Engineering, Bayero University Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.

J. C. Agunwamba
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/342