Land Use Changes and Morphological Evolution of Man-Made Lake System in Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire | Chapter 2 | Current Research on Geography, Earth Science and Environment Vol. 1

The man-made lakes of Yamoussoukro were designed in the 1970s to embellish the city. The rapid siltation of the lakes of Yamoussoukro is due to sediment transport, linked to erosion in the watershed due to human activities, including urbanisation and agriculture. On the other hand, accelerated eutrophication is due to the discharge of untreated wastewater and solid waste into the lakes and the lack of a lake monitoring and maintenance plan. The objective of this study is to evaluate the dynamics of land use and the evolution of the morphology of the man-made lake system of Yamoussoukro. The municipality of Yamoussoukro encloses ten man-made lakes which have been designed for the embellishment of the city and the regulation of rainwater. However, despite their ecological, tourist and economic importance, human activities in the lake watersheds are causing a deterioration in water quality and siltation of the lakes’ reservoirs. A study of land use was carried out through an analysis of satellite images from 1988 to 2018, coupled with a sedimentological study to assess the dynamics of land use and its impacts on the man-made lake system of Yamoussoukro. Land use and bathymetric maps show that the watershed suffered a significant degradation from 1988 to 2018. The granulometric and mineralogical analyses carried out on the sediments collected during this study showed that the sediments that fill the bottom of the lakes are made up of mud, fine sand and medium sand. The resulting erosion, wastewater and household waste dumped into the lakes through a lack of adequate sanitation systems accelerate the deterioration of the lake environment. The siltation and eutrophication of the Yamoussoukro lakes are very noticeable and pronounced. Hence, the gradual disappearance of these water bodies is being witnessed. The restoration of the integrity of the lakes and the implementation of a monitoring plan for the lake environments of Yamoussoukro city are necessary to embellish the city, improving the quality of the environment, developing tourism and preserving biodiversity.

 

Author (s) Details

Kouassi Kouakou LAZARE
Department of Environment, Jean Lorougnon Guédé University, Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

N’Guessan Kouamé ANDRÉ
istrict of Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire and Department of Sciences and Environment Management, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan,            Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Brou Loukou ALEXIS
Department of Environment, Jean Lorougnon Guédé University, Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Karim Sory TRAORÉ
Department of Sciences and Environment Management, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v1/4493

Assessment of Flood Susceptibility Analysis Using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Kota Belud Area, Sabah, Malaysia | Chapter 1 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 1

A flood susceptibility map is an instrument for assessing flood levels. Flood susceptibility maps can be developed using the Geographical Information System (GIS) because this can manipulate multi-dimensional natural hazard phenomena using a spatial element. This study aims to assess the flood susceptibility analysis using a GIS-based-heuristic analysis, namely the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model. The study was carried out in Kota Belud, Sabah, Malaysia. This area is known as a flood-prone area and cases of devastating flooding in Kota Belud, Sabah have been growing recently. Eight relevant physical parameters have been selected, namely, drainage density, drainage proximity, elevation, slope angle, slope curvature, land use, soil type, and topography wetness index. The relative importance of these factors has been compared in the pairwise matrix to gain weight values during the process of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The flood susceptibility zones have been mapped according to their weightage value. Finally, the flood susceptibility map was prepared and classified into six classes very low, low, moderate, high, and very high susceptibility using the natural break classification method. In this study area, the very high susceptibility areas are located at the north, northwest and northeast, considerably flat in slope and low elevation as considered from DEM. By contrast, areas having a higher degree of slope angle are prone to flooding. The accuracy of the flood susceptibility model was validated using the Area Under the Curve (AUC) analysis. The AUC for success rate was estimated at 82.13%. This study concluded that the AHP model is suitable for the selection of land use suitability, control and manage the flood hazard/risk in the study area and potentially to be extended with different background environments. Strict measure needs to be taken concerning uncontrolled urbanization and the occupation of areas that have proximities to the rivers in order to prevent more significant damage.

 

Author (s) Details

Kamilia Sharir
Faculty of Engineering (FKJ), Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.

 

Amirah Saidin
Faculty of Science and Natural Resources (FSSA), Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.

 

Rodeano Roslee
Natural Disaster Research Centre (NDRC), Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v1/2293

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Drones in the Mining Industry: A Case Study | Chapter 7 | Research Highlights in Science and Technology Vol. 9

In this branch, we are utilizing AI-stimulate drones for the analysis of agricultural land use in excavating leases. Drones in mining have proved tremendous growth and have further added meaningful value to all mining projects. With better arrangement, in-depth study, diminished expenses, and profound workers' security, the mining industry has erect its hero. The automation of drone control, which involves the control of navigation and evolution, has been made likely by the use of machine intelligence (AI). Numerous techniques, such as GPS pursuing, computer view, and machine learning algorithms, maybe used to implement this application. During the survey, data was grabbed using drone tools within the mining sublet and up to 100 meters from allure boundary. The data was used to devise 3-dimensional models of the excavating lease. The survey area and winged path were forged using KML in software uses, which admitted for precise planning and killing of the drone flights.Drones are crucial for land scrutinizing and mapping due to their singular mix of dimensional coverage and resolution. The Orthomosaic device may produce extreme precision georeferencing if various ground-control points were used. In conjunction with field observations, drones determine a prompt and precise method of recording land data and allure use. A drone survey and mapping movement was conducted within a excavating lease located near the village of Kanthariya, in the Tehsil and District of Chittorgarh, top an area of 64.75 hectares, for the study of agricultural land use in the mining hire. The use of artificial intelligence to mechanize the control of drones is an application of AI in the field of drone electronics. This technology can boost the accuracy and efficiency of drone movements, including traveling and movement.

Author(s) Details:

Hitanshu Kaushal,
College of Technology & Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur, India.

Anupam Bhatnagar,
Department of Mining Engineering, College of Technology & Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHST-V9/article/view/11665

Analysis of the Effective Change in Land use Functions and its Impact on City Structure: A Case Study from Baghdad, Karrada, Iraq | Chapter 12 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 6

 The aim of the research search out quantify this situation in the Karrada precinct of Baghdad, and trying to find a fantasy to solve this problem by provided that this change can be supervised positively forward by changing the city’s form functionally, as one of the largest problems is leaving the issue without question Urban scopes, whether conditional the government or a private entity, are outlined in this study as fields empty of buildings as well as repeatedly visited positions including streets, squares, parks, and government houses. The research was inspired for one private sector's power over fluctuating land use activities opposite to city planning principles by land developers and financiers. This change will come in two forms, but the activity itself will be entirely altered. For example, green scopes and orchards could be reconstructed into commercial scopes that house eateries and markets, or the activity maybe intensified while still staying within the same use by separating residential extents into single- or multi-story place of accommodation units. .  The total field of urban spaces has recoiled over the study area's opportunity span as a result of other uses embracing more space than city spaces do, but at the same time, the number of parts in urban scopes has increased over the past magnitude due to the extravagance of commercial use over residential use and the reality that commercial venture creates locations for city agglomeration.

Author(s) Details:

Zianab Abbas Ahland usemed,
Center of Urban and Regional Planning for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Iraq.

Mustafa A. Ebraheem,
Center of Urban and Regional Planning for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Iraq.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V6/article/view/10199

A Simple Approach to Describe Traffic Fluxes and Urban Congestion by Attractors’ Method | Chapter 4 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 6

 A mathematical approach was used to analyze positions of heavy and congested sell goods urban extents, which contained both the recognition of particular parts that attract trainers in a multipoint-to-multipoint traffic structure and their categorization (attractor’s value) as a function of the number of people visiting ruling class by car indifferent time ranges. Attractors' dispersion density values have happened calculated utilizing a Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) function, and they have been combined accompanying nodal and crucial traffic points and traffic mass in a "congestion" graph. Finally, cross-comparing congestion principles with the site of buildings, the drive network and the Corine Land Use/Land Cover environmental classification, a “Quality of Life” plan has been create. The authors use this term because the blockage of traffic flows, with all the problems that it requires (such as long travel occasion, air and acoustic contamination, and so on) is a good indicator of the character of life, exceptionally in small towns. The judgments demonstrate that this type of "off-line" reasoning would permit administrators to quickly and economically identify extents where traffic noise and jumps have defeater in competition impact on civilians' quality of existence and, as a result, concentrate priceless ground measurements and invasions primarily there.

Author(s) Details:

Emanuele Loret,
c/o European Space Agency (ESA), Frascati, Italy.

Gaia Gullotta,
c/o European Space Agency (ESA), Frascati, Italy.

Maurizio Fea,
Council of Presidency, Italian Geophysical Association (AGI), Rome, Italy.

Francesco Sarti,
Earth Observation Science Strategy, Coordination and Planning Office, Directorate of Earth Observation, European Space Agency (ESA), Frascati, Italy.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V6/article/view/10101

Assessment of Population Growth and Land Use: Its Impact on Housing Demand in Port Harcourt, Nigeria| Chapter 9 | Research Aspects in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 5

 In biography, there are various kinds of land partnership systems that are implemented   throughout the realm. These systems are active and not static. While land for shelter is mostly determined through the market accompanying a variety of long – term city planning actions in place to ensure 20 - 25yrs land supply for new dwelling.  Many high tumor regions need related planning by all levels of management in cooperation accompanying civil organization and commercial interests to put oneself in the place of another deepening shortage of land for inexpensive housing.Demand for land use has raised due to Port Harcourt's breakneck urbanisation, industrialisation, and population growth in addition to changes in human behaviour and new lifestyle. Following this, skilled have been meaningful changes in the land use and cover in Port Harcourt due to the demand for infrastructure and miscellaneous house styles. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and detached sensing were the orders used, and they presented a precise and inexpensive option to understanding landscape action. Additionally, multi-temporal and multi-spectral by chance sensed dossier-based mathematical change detection algorithms were used. In addition, a mathematical model named ordinary characteristic equation was secondhand in Matlab to supplement the relationship of study of human population, housing demand, and land use in the city of Port Harcourt. The study's objectives search out examine the study of human population of Port Harcourt since allure inception. To scrutinize housing necessities and current land availability. To study the amount of land used for subdivision. According to the study's findings, the built-up area raised from 16.50% in 1984 to 51.38% in 2014. Much development has happen, consuming the adulthood of the Gallery Forest, Vegetation Area, and Water Bodies. Development of Built – Up area needs expected controlled for fear that all of the vegetation is not exhaust because the city needs few vegetation to allow the city respiration.  From the mathematical model high-quality-fit parameter worth is 1 = 0.00000068338 for the carrying competency value of 650,000 study of human population. The model has helped to supplement the connection between study of human population, housing demand, and land use in the Nigerian city of Port Harcourt. According to the findings, the 1978 Land Use Act concede possibility be revised cause the government does not have control over land by allegation on paper. Rivers State Physical Planning and Development Law No. 6 of 2003 endure be put into effect. Green makeups and technologies bear be used.

Author(s) Details:

Ayotamuno Augusta,
Institute of Geosciences and Environmental Management (IGEM), Rivers State University, Nkpolu - Orowurokwo (RSU), PMB 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Enu-Obari Nwamue Ekaka,
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Rivers State University, Nkpolu - Orowurokwo (RSU), PMB 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAASS-V5/article/view/9359

Assessment of Population Growth and Land Use: Its Impact on Housing Demand in Port Harcourt, Nigeria| Chapter 8 | Research Aspects in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 5

 In essay, there are various kinds of land takeover systems that are implemented   throughout the planet. These systems are active and not static. While land for place of accommodation is mostly given through the market accompanying a variety of long – term city planning policies in place to ensure 20 - 25yrs land supply for new home.  Many high tumor regions need related planning by all levels of management in cooperation accompanying civil people and commercial interests to put oneself in the place of another deepening shortage of land for inexpensive housing.Demand for land use has raised due to Port Harcourt's breakneck urbanisation, industrialisation, and population growth in addition to changes in human behaviour and up-to-date lifestyle. Following this, skilled have been meaningful changes in the land use and cover in Port Harcourt due to the demand for infrastructure and miscellaneous house styles. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and detached sensing were the designs used, and they presented a precise and inexpensive option to including landscape movement. Additionally, multi-temporal and multi-spectral by chance sensed dossier-based mathematical change detection algorithms were used. In addition, a mathematical model named ordinary characteristic equation was secondhand in Matlab to supplement the relationship of study of human population, housing demand, and land use in the city of Port Harcourt. The study's objectives search out examine the study of human population of Port Harcourt since allure inception. To search housing necessities and current land availability. To question the amount of land used for subdivision. According to the study's findings, the built-up area raised from 16.50% in 1984 to 51.38% in 2014. Much development has happen, consuming the adulthood of the Gallery Forest, Vegetation Area, and Water Bodies. Development of Built – Up area needs expected controlled because all of the vegetation is not exhaust because the city needs few vegetation to allow the city respiration.  From the mathematical model best choice-fit parameter profit is 1 = 0.00000068338 for the carrying competency value of 650,000 study of human population. The model has helped to supplement the friendship between study of human population, housing demand, and land use in the Nigerian city of Port Harcourt. According to the findings, the 1978 Land Use Act endure be revised cause the government does not have control over land by allegation on paper. Rivers State Physical Planning and Development Law No. 6 of 2003 bear be put into effect. Green makeups and technologies endure be used.

Author(s) Details:

Ayotamuno Augusta,
Institute of Geosciences and Environmental Management (IGEM), Rivers State University, Nkpolu - Orowurokwo (RSU), PMB 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Enu-Obari Nwamue Ekaka,
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Rivers State University, Nkpolu - Orowurokwo (RSU), PMB 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAASS-V5/article/view/9359

Soil Vegetation Engineering Model to Maintain Distribution from Water Debit at Watershed Area of Krueng Pase North Aceh | Chapter 10 | Recent Progress in Plant and Soil Research Vol. 3

 Ground use changes are changing the availability of vegetation cover on open land such as paddy fields and lagoons into grass or shrubs, plantations, and tending to increase the share of land area constructed. Vegetative technology is frequently chosen because it has economic value (productive crops) and can restore a watershed's water system in addition to reducing erosion and sedimentation in rivers. To manage water distribution in the Krueng Pase watershed in North Aceh District, the researchers employed a soil vegetation engineering model. In the Krueng Pase Basin in North Aceh Regency, a grass vegetation model was used as a water and land conservation method to fulfil these goals. The grass vegetation model can tolerate runoff while also increasing infiltration. In this study, the average plant retention to hold rain water was 33 percent for land (without vegetation), 77 percent for grass and herbs, and 81 percent for shrubs. Meanwhile, non-linear regression equation was employed to determine the water denit. The findings suggest that grasses and other soil cover crops can withstand erosion and sedimentation. The coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.98) was used to determine the link between water discharge and silt. This graph depicts the water loss as a result of precipitation affecting sedimentation volume.

Author(S) Details

Halim Akbar
Department of Agroecotechnology, Universitas Malikussaleh, Lhoksmawe City, Aceh Utara, Indonesia.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RPPSR-V3/article/view/4486

Unplanned Urbanization and Canopy Losses in Punjab, India: A Theoretical Approach | Chapter 8 | Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 8

 The rise of concrete areas in cities, known as urbanisation, has resulted in a shift in land use patterns all throughout the world. The spread of concrete regions in cities has largely harmed the canopy cover in the regions. Parts of the land that were once covered in trees have now become the city's concrete flooring. Despite the fact that trees are necessary for a healthy ecosystem, they are being cut down without any thought or care. Punjab, an Indian state, has a high incidence of unplanned urbanisation, which has caused in a considerable loss of canopy. If the state had been rich in forested land, it would not have required much attention. Punjab, On the other hand, its extensive canopy cover is no longer recognised. Due to continued deforestation in the name of development, it has the least amount of forest cover in the country, accounting for roughly 3.67 percent of its 50362 square kilometres or even less. The state lost 9 lakh trees between 2011 and 2017, with regeneration and afforestation taking a second place. With each passing day, this percentage decreases as the state's tree-cutting campaign continues. With such a low canopy cover and a population of 28 million people to look after, the state has already begun to experience some of the negative consequences of unplanned urbanisation and canopy loss, such as the loss of biodiversity. Water scarcity, changes in weather patterns, foul air, and depletion of the water table are only a few examples. The goal of this study is to use existing data to document an increase in canopy losses in various sections of the Indian state of Punjab, and to explore the current repercussions of rapid urbanisation in the state. This article examines the state's startling canopy losses in recent years, as well as the effects of unsustainable growth in Punjab, India.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Kirandeep K. Dhami
Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CIEES-V8/article/view/3241

The Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use in Port Harcourt: Nigeria | Chapter 13| Current Perspectives to Environment and Climate Change Vol. 4

 

Land is a natural resource which is a scare commodity. It is therefore important to classify land and
Land Use. The city of Port Harcourt has experienced a lot of changes on Land Uses and Land Cover
which has had an impact on the spatial pattern of the city. This study hopes to identify how the varying climatic changes and elements have affected the spatial pattern of Port Harcourt and to ensure that there is sustainable development. The methodology used was Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing which provided a cost effective and accurate alternative to understanding landscape dynamics. Digital change detection techniques based on multi-temporal and multi-spectral remotely sensed data was also used. Objectives of the Study are to examine the spatial pattern of Port Harcourt between the periods of 1984 –2014. To ascertain how climatic factors have affected the spatial pattern in Port Harcourt. To determine the present state of Land Use and Land Cover in Port Harcourt and how it has been affected by climatic elements. The result of the study showed that there have been climatic deviations in rainfall and temperature values and very obvious changes in the spatial pattern of Land Use and Land Cover between 1984 to 2014. The Built – Up area showed an increase from 16.50% in 1984 to 51.38% in 2014. A lot of development has taken place using up most of the Gallery Forest, Vegetation area and the Water Bodies. Development of Built – Up area needs to be controlled so that all of the vegetation is not used up because the city needs some vegetation to allow the city breath.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Augusta Ayotamuno
Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology (IGST), Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, (RSU), Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5080, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/247