Principles and Constructs of Environmental Pollution Studies | Book Publisher International

 

This book is entitled ‘Principles and Constructs of Environmental Pollution Studies’. Though it talks more about water and the atmosphere, some concepts of waste management were properly elucidated. The challenges associated with the global anthropogenic inputs cannot be over-emphasised. This book is centred on environmental pollution, particularly water, atmospheric composition, waste and waste management, food additives and preservatives. The need to give more detailed information and concepts of environmental studies necessitated the birth of this compendium. This book gives easier and well-understood meanings and definitions of salient concepts such as climate change, global warming, the greenhouse effect, acclimation, pollutants, contaminants, additives, and preservation. Some of these additives have been found to be lethal and toxic to humans. There is a need for undergraduates, graduates, environmentalists and lovers of the environment to read about the conservation of the ecosystem as shown in this book. This is because the environment remains our only inheritance and legacy for the present and future generations so as to attain sustainable development.

 

Author(s) Details

Iyama, William Azuka

Institute of Geosciences and Environmental Management, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Nwagbara, Victor Uzoma

Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48006-87-5

The Use of Ozone in the Pulmonary Obstructive Disease | Chapter 8 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 3

 

It has been reported from recent scientific evidence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not only an inflammatory/oxidative lung alteration but also a multiorgan disease causing extrapulmonary manifestations like cardiovascular disease, neurological degenerations, musculoskeletal dysfunction and clinical depression. Experimental studies suggested that ozone therapy has unique properties in reducing inflammation and upregulating the cellular antioxidant system in chronic oxidative stress diseases.

 

To evaluate the effects of ozone as integrated therapy in the treatment of COPD, we enrolled 80 patients affected by moderate/ severe COPD. 40 patients (Group A), in addition to standard therapy with inhaled bronchodilator and/or corticosteroids, underwent a cycle of oxygen ozonetherapy (major ozonated autohemotherapy, O3-AHT) twice a week for the first 5 weeks, thereafter a single treatment every week for other 10 weeks. The resting 40 patients (Group B) served as control and did not receive treatments otherwise the standard therapy with inhaled LABA / LAMA and/or corticosteroids. In Group A there was a significant increase in functional capacity assessed by 6 minutes walking test (415 ±101.1 m before the study vs 493.8 ± 105.2 m at the end of the study, p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in the degree of dyspnea measured by Borg scale and an improvement of the quality of life as reported in the results of Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire. The control group B showed no significant difference before and after the study. Even if the results of this study need to be confirmed with an ample clinical trial, the use of ozone seems to be an effective treatment for the improvement of the quality of life in COPD patients.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Emma Borrelli
Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.

 

 Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v3/1777

Ozone Therapy in the Management of Trigeminal Neuralgia | Chapter 12 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 3

Trigeminal neuralgia includes a complex of painful, intensely explosive (electric shock-like) manifestation in the oral and maxillofacial area, sometimes accompanied by sweating or local hypersensitivity. Due to the extremely intense neuropathic pain, Trigeminal neuralgia affects the patient’s quality of life. This study presents a case of a 54-year-old patient with hemicrania and hypersensitivity on the right side of the face, who spoke with his mouth almost closed. After 12 sessions of ozone therapy (subcutaneous infiltrations), the pain disappeared, gradually, evaluated by VAS (Visual Analog Scale) and the other symptoms were significantly improved. Ozone therapy is used in chronic diseases, in treating pain, and for rejuvenation purposes, by injections, insuflations, autohemotransfusion and locally applied. Also, ozone therapy presents disadvantages characterized in rare cases by respiratory or neurological complications. However, ozone therapy remains an alternative treatment modality to classic ones.

 

Author (s) Details

Ioana Soare
Primary Care Physician for Medical Expertise and Work Capacity Recovery, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, Romania.

 

Roxana Mirica
Primary Care Physician for Medical Expertise and Work Capacity Recovery, Carol Davila Medicine and Pharmacy University of Bucharest, Romania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v3/4017

Study on the Rossby Waves Parameters in Total Ozone Over the Arctic in 2000–2021 | Chapter 4 | Research Advances in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 3

 

The breaking of Rossby waves in the polar stratosphere results in rapid increases in temperature, known as sudden stratospheric warmings. The purpose of this work is to study Rossby wave parameters in total ozone over the Arctic in 2000–2021. We consider the averages in the January–March period, when stratospheric trace gases (including ozone) in sudden stratospheric warming events are strongly disturbed by the planetary waves. To characterize the wave parameters, we analyzed ozone data at the latitudes of 50° N (the sub-vortex area), 60° N (the polar vortex edge) and 70° N (inner region of the polar vortex). Total ozone column (TOC) measurements over 22-year time interval were used from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer / Earth Probe and Ozone Mapping Instrument / Aura satellite observations. The TOC zonal distribution and variations in the Fourier spectral components with zonal wave numbers m = 1–5 are presented. The daily and interannual variations in TOC, amplitudes and phases of the spectral wave components, as well as linear trends in the amplitudes of the dominant quasi-stationary wave 1 (QSW1) are discussed. The positive TOC peaks inside the vortex in 2010 and 2018 alternate with negative ones in 2011 and 2020. The extremely low TOC at 70° N in 2020 corresponds to severe depletion of stratospheric ozone over the Arctic in the strong vortex conditions due to anomalously low planetary wave activity and a high positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation. The Arctic Oscillation, as one of the key factors of climate variability in the Northern Hemisphere, negatively correlates with TOC at the 95% confidence level (r = −0.40 ± 0.36 and r = −0.56 ± 0.29 at 50° N and 70° N, respectively). Interannual TOC variations in the sub-vortex region at 50 N are accompanied by a negative trend of –4.8 Dobson Units per decade in the QSW1 amplitude, statistically significant at 90% confidence level, while the trend is statistically insignificant in the vortex edge region and inside the vortex due to the increased variability in TOC and QSW1. The processes associated with quasi-circumpolar migration and quasi-stationary oscillation of the wave-1 phase depending on the polar vortex strength in 2020 and 2021 are discussed.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Chenning Zhang
International Center of Future Science, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.

 

Asen Grytsai
Physics Faculty, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine.

 

Oleksandr Evtushevsky
Physics Faculty, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine.

 

Gennadi Milinevsky
International Center of Future Science, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China, Department of Atmosphere Physics and Geospace, National Antarctic Scientific Center, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine. and Département de Physique, Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique, Université de Lille, 59655, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France.

 

Yulia Andrienko
Physics Faculty, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine.

 

Andrew Klekociuk
Antarctic Climate Program, Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston 7050, Australia and Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.

 

Yuriy Rapoport
Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland and Main Center of Special Monitoring, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center, State Space Agency of Ukraine, 01010 Kyiv, Ukraine.

 

Wei Han
International Center of Future Science, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/raeges/v3/7572B

Why the Sky is Blue: The Role of Ozone| Chapter 3 | New Frontiers in Physical Science Research Vol. 4

 

The only planets in our solar system having distinct ozone layers in their atmospheres are the earth and Mars, both of which have a characteristic blue sky. The earth's sky appears deeper blue after heavy rains eliminate the majority of the dust and various amounts of gases; this finding contradicts the theory that Rayleigh's scattering is the cause of the sky's blue colour. Additionally, we argue in this work that Rayleigh scattering should make the sky closer to the earth appear deeper blue and the sky overhead lighter because at least 50% of the earth's atmospheric molecules are held near to the surface of the earth; however, the opposite is true. In comparison, the true splitting of the rising and setting sun's rays causes the light and sky to turn orange-red, but in this situation, the clouds and objects in the rays' path also turn yellow-orange, as expected. The absence of blue sky in other planets' and our moon's skies, despite having differing mixtures of gases but no clearly delineated ozone layer, and the presence of black "sky" away from the lower parts of the earth's atmosphere beyond the stratosphere, and especially the appearance of a sharp demarcation about the lower part of the stratosphere where the blue stops and black sky appears, all argue in favour of ozone as the cause of the blue colour of sky. In this paper, we propose that the proper colour of the sky is dark blue, as seen in pristine areas and in photographs of the earth taken from space, but that the sky over populated areas and other dusty areas becomes lighter blue; the almost-white colour of the sky at the horizon is caused by the concentration of dust in the atmosphere closest to the ground.

Author(s) Details:

Puthalath Koroth Raghuprasad,
2400 East 8th Street, Odessa, Texas 79761, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NFPSR-V4/article/view/8746

Surface Modification of Polyester Fabrics by Ozone and its Effect on Coloration Using Disperse Dyes: A Recent Study| Chapter 3 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 4

 In this work, we report on the use of gases forming the atmosphere gas to reduce the surface of polyester fibers, and the effect of this pre-treatment on the dyeing nature of these fibers using scatter dyes. Because of its high crystallinity, non-concerning ancient culture nature, and tide when water is lowest absorption, polyester fibers (PES) are the most usual textile fibers. The synthetic interactions between polyester, perfecting compounds, and dyes are particularly troublesome, nevertheless, because of their synthetic structure. We report on the use of gases forming the atmosphere to modify the surface of polyester fibers with the aim of improving the interplay of the modified surface with perfecting compounds and dyes. We used C.I. Disperse Yellow 211 to dye air-treated polyester structures and evaluated the effects of air treatment utilizing FTIR-ATR, Raman spectroscopy, SEM imaging, rubbing tests, and capillarity calculations. We evaluated the dyeing acting via color analysis and driven the dyeing kinetics. This work shows that upper layer of atmosphere treatment is a good way to weaken inputs in the dyeing processes and also wastewater situation expenses, thus, lowering the environmental impacts of the fabric industry as well as conceivably decreasing the handle costs.

Author(s) Details:

Rafaela Stefanie Gabardo,
Textile Engineering (COENT), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana - 86812-460, Brazil.

Dayane Samara de Carvalho Cotre,
Textile Engineering (COENT), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana - 86812-460, Brazil.

Manuel José Lis Arias,
Textile Research Institute of Terrassa (INTEXTER-UPC), Terrassa – 0822, Barcelona, Spain.

Murilo Pereira Moisés,
Chemistry Graduation (COLIQ), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana - 86812-460, Brazil.

Bruna Thaisa Martins Ferreira,
Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering (PEQ-UEM), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá - 87020-900, Brazil.

Rafael Block Samulewski,
Chemistry Graduation (COLIQ), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana - 86812-460, Brazil.

Juan P. Hinestroza,
Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY - 14853, USA.

Fabricio Maestá Bezerra,
Textile Engineering (COENT), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana - 86812-460, Brazil.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V4/article/view/8690

Influence of Electron-ion Technology on the Microbiology of Production Processes | Chapter 10 | Recent Progress in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol.1

 Study on the use of electron-ion technology with a view to the inactivation of microorganisms, e.g., a

byproduct of ozone gas, have been further developed in response to the need to suppress any
microflora in fermentation processes in the microbiological industry, as well as with the development
methods of storing vegetables and food products in the presence of ozone disinfection of municipal
wastewater. The question of ozone destruction of microorganisms of various taxonomic groups
covered extensively in the literature. Until recently, in connection with the use of ozone for disinfection
of drinking water the majority of works were devoted to study ozone effects on pathogen
microorganisms.

Author(s) Details

M. Ya. Burlev
Myker Ltd., Moscow, Russia.

V. D. Kharitonov
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Dairy Industry, Moscow, Russia.

N. S. Nikolaev
Moscow State University of Food Industry, Moscow, Russia.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/227