The Use of Ozone in the Pulmonary Obstructive Disease | Chapter 8 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 3

 

It has been reported from recent scientific evidence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not only an inflammatory/oxidative lung alteration but also a multiorgan disease causing extrapulmonary manifestations like cardiovascular disease, neurological degenerations, musculoskeletal dysfunction and clinical depression. Experimental studies suggested that ozone therapy has unique properties in reducing inflammation and upregulating the cellular antioxidant system in chronic oxidative stress diseases.

 

To evaluate the effects of ozone as integrated therapy in the treatment of COPD, we enrolled 80 patients affected by moderate/ severe COPD. 40 patients (Group A), in addition to standard therapy with inhaled bronchodilator and/or corticosteroids, underwent a cycle of oxygen ozonetherapy (major ozonated autohemotherapy, O3-AHT) twice a week for the first 5 weeks, thereafter a single treatment every week for other 10 weeks. The resting 40 patients (Group B) served as control and did not receive treatments otherwise the standard therapy with inhaled LABA / LAMA and/or corticosteroids. In Group A there was a significant increase in functional capacity assessed by 6 minutes walking test (415 ±101.1 m before the study vs 493.8 ± 105.2 m at the end of the study, p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in the degree of dyspnea measured by Borg scale and an improvement of the quality of life as reported in the results of Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire. The control group B showed no significant difference before and after the study. Even if the results of this study need to be confirmed with an ample clinical trial, the use of ozone seems to be an effective treatment for the improvement of the quality of life in COPD patients.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Emma Borrelli
Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.

 

 Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v3/1777

Two Large Blind Spots in Inhalation Therapy for Asthma and COPD | Chapter 14 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 3

 Regardless of diligent breathing instructions at various dispassionate settings, patient devotion to inhaled drugs is generally weak in the treatment of asthma and chronic opposing pulmonary disease (COPD). This is cause two large breach still prevail in inhalation analysis that a majority is ignorant of. A large break is in the lack of awareness of how to control two together types of adherence present in breathing therapy; the added is that the inhalation process based on the subjects' interpretation and understanding of spoken instructions, is obscure. This phase identifies these two blind spots and discusses by what method they can be tried.

Author(s) Details:

Hiroyuki Ohbayashi,
Academy of Inhalation Methods (Gifu), Syureikai, Tohno Chuo Clinic, Tohno Chuo Clinic (Gifu), Fujita Medical College, School of Medicine (Aichi), Mizunami City, Gifu 509-6134, Japan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V3/article/view/12758

Respiratory Pathogens: A Comparison between Pre- and Post-pandemic Situation of COVID-19 | Chapter 6 | Current Innovations in Disease and Health Research Vol. 7

 This survey aims to determine by what method respiratory pathogens exchanged both before and subsequently the COVID-19 epidemic, a kind of viral pneumonia for that a pandemic was advertised (March 2020). Pneumonia is an infection that influences one or two together lungs. It causes the air sacs, or alveoli, of the body parts to fill up accompanying fluid or pus. Bacteria, viruses, or fungi concede possibility cause pneumonia. To determine the relationship 'tween personal cleanness and the prevention of contamination by respiratory pathogens, the dossier were broken down by masculine and age. A retrospective reasoning was performed on 39,814 spit, bronchial aspirate, and transtracheal aspirate samples obtained from 15,398 patients visiting a hospital connected with university, located in Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea, middle from two points January 2018 and December 2021. From 4,454 patients whose samples were breeding positive for microorganisms, 6,389 strains were isolated and further experienced. The outpatients with respiring pathogens had a mean age of 66.2 years, and when the results of the civilization tests were compared by gender, it was establish that males comprised 64.9% (2,892/4,454) and females created 35.1% (1,562 out of 4,454). The number of outpatients the one requested respiring microbial cultures following the start of the universal was decreased by 20.7% distinguished to the pre-COVID-19 pandemic period, and the number of outpatients the one had a positive idea result was decreased by 23.0%. Following the universal, the number of respiratory samples acquired decreased by 6.7% while the sample beneficial rate decreased by 18.3%. When distinguished to pre-COVID-19 levels, the isolated microbial strains accompanied a significant reduction for the Acinetobacter baumannii complex (43.1%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (60.5%), Haemophilus influenzae (67.2%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (78.1%). According to the allocation of respiratory microbial strains by exclusive informal network, patients above the age of 70 had the maximal prevalence of private bacteria. The betterings in personal cleanliness due to the COVID-19 universal exerted a substantial influence on the pattern of change in different common respiring microorganisms, which climaxes the importance of individual hygiene administration in the prevention of respiring infections.

Author(s) Details:

Ki Yeon Kim,
Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.

Jae Soo Kim,
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.

Young Ki Lee,
Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.

Ga Yeon Kim,
Department of Public Health, Dankook University Graduate School, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.

Bo Kyeung Jung,
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIDHR-V7/article/view/12044

Analysis of High-Resolution Computed Tomography Phenotypes and Pulmonary Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | Chapter 8 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 2

Introduction: Using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), many aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be diagnosed. FEV1) was seen with lower lobe and overall average MLD whereas a weak linear association of post-FEV1 was observed with (HRCT). This research aimed to evaluate COPD patients' HRCT features.

Materials and Methods: Of the 50 patients with COPD who satisfied the GOLD guidelines 2014 criteria for inclusion based on spirometry, 35 had an HRCT. The Philips lung densitometry computer application was used to calculate densities using these restrictions (-800/-1, 024 Hounsfield unit [HU]) after densitometry data were verified using phantoms. In order to quantify the attenuation as mean lung density (MLD) of the lower and upper lobes, we first designated the region of interest using a free-hand drawing, established restrictions (in HUs), and then utilised a computer programme.

Results: There was a significant correlation between the smoking index and the anterior-posterior tracheal diameter (P = 0.036). The tracheal index dropped with increasing disease severity, which was statistically significant (P = 0.037). Pre-forced expiratory volume in the first second (both coronal (P = 0.042) and sagittal (P = 0.001) lower lobes MLD) showed a weak linear connection. Additionally, there was a linear connection between sagittal lower lobe MLD and pre (P = 0.050) and post (P = 0.024) FEV1/forced vital capacity.

In conclusion, HRCT could be a helpful addition to the total COPD examination.

Author(s) Details:

Ravi Bhaskar,

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Career Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow (UP), India.

Seema Singh,

Department of Respiratory Medicine, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow (UP), India.

Pooja Singh,

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Career Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow (UP), India.

Sandeep K. Singh,

Govt. Pharmacy College, BRD Medical College Campus, Gorakhpur, UP, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V2/article/view/7347

The Predictive Value of Initial Arterial Blood Gas Variations in Pneumonia Patients with Type I/II Respiratory Failure | Chapter 02 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 9

 Early fluctuations in the individual arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters—pH, PaO2, PaCO2, and HCO3—and treatment success in pneumonia patients with respiratory failure have received little attention. If a statistically significant fluctuation in individual ABG readings could be utilised as an early, accurate predictor of treatment effectiveness, a patient with pneumonia who is in respiratory failure might be treated aggressively before a clinically evident downward shift occurs. Pneumonia can also cause respiratory failure by causing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is caused by a mix of infection and inflammation.

 

42 patients with clinical signs of pneumonia and baseline clinical data, as well as two arterial blood samples, were included in this prospective experiment. samples for ABG testing (one at baseline and another within 24 hours of the first). Based on the ABG findings, patients were classified as belonging to group 'A' with type I (hypoxemic) respiratory failure or group 'B' with type II (hypercapnic) respiratory failure. A binary logistic regression research was conducted. Individual ABG parameters in Group A had a significant positive connection with the treatment outcome: pH (p=0.034), HCO3- (p=0.034), PaO2 (p=0.035), PaCO2 (p=0.045), whereas pH (p=0.284), HCO3- (p=0.248), PaO2 (p=0.39), PaCO2 (p=0.240) had a non-significant positive association. The treatment failure rate in Group B was 40.91 percent, compared to 25 percent in Group A.

In pneumonia patients with type I respiratory disease, individual ABG levels can predict therapy outcome.

Author(S) Details

Davis Kizhakkepeedika Rennis
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

Easwaramangalath Venugopal Krishnakumar
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V9/article/view/6895

Determining the Impact of CAT Score in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Patients Health in Our Region | Chapter 1 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

 COPD is a condition that causes a great deal of misery in people. It is increasingly recognised as a widespread disease in developing countries, and it is one of the leading causes of death. Although pulmonary function tests are critical for diagnosing and assessing the severity of COPD, other functional status indicators such as dyspnoea, exercise performance, and health status are crucial aspects of the disease that cannot be assessed using this method. The COPD assessment test (CAT) is a new eight-item questionnaire designed to provide a quick, easy, and self-administered exam for evaluating symptoms and determining the impact of COPD on health status (Quality Of Life). This study demonstrates the utility of the CAT score in our location. The current study's clinical features, Gold Severity, and FEVI 1 percent were compared to previous studies from various nations. Between May and September 2014, a total of 70 COPD patients were investigated. A thorough clinical history was gathered. The CAT questionnaire was used to determine the severity of the symptoms. Pulmonary function tests (before and post bronchodilator therapy) and oxygen saturation measurements were performed on them. The majority of the patients were 42-year-old men (60 percent ). A total of 41 patients (58.6%) were smokers, with 36 (87.80%) being men. 18 patients (25.7%) had a positive history of Chula exposure, with 17 (94.44%) being females. Patients had a mean age of 60.34 SD 9.9, a mean FEV1 of 62.33 SD 18.2, and a mean SPO2 of 94.26 SD 2.27. Two groups of patients were identified. Group 1 has low symptoms and has a CAT Score of 10; group 2 has high symptoms and has a CAT Score of 10. Patients in Group 2 have a CAT score of greater than 10. Eighty percent of the patients had a high CAT score of >10 in Group 2. The majority of the patients (50%) had mild blockage. Patients whose projected forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) was significantly lower had a significantly higher CAT score (t = 2.67, p=.009). Patients with advanced disease (as defined by the GOLD criteria) had a higher CAT score, indicating a positive correlation, but CAT score and FEVI percent had an inverse correlation. The mean FEV1 percent anticipated was similar to that of France, which was higher than Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, and the United States of America, but lower than Belgium. As a simple and accurate instrument, the CAT questionnaire shows to be a sensitive test in assessing COPD health status. Patients' and clinicians' awareness of COPD would be improved with the help of the CAT questionnaire, allowing for an early diagnosis and providing a useful and objective tool for early recognition and long-term clinical and therapeutic monitoring of COPD patients, particularly in clinical settings where spirometry is not yet available.

• COPD Assessment TEST (CAT) for determining the influence on COPD health status (Quality Of Life) in our region.

• The utility of CAT score in monitoring one's health.

• Clinical characteristics of the current study compared to previous studies from other countries

Author (S) Details

Sumer Sanjiv Choudhary
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, India and Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shree Ramjeevan Choudhary Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Nagpur, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V8/article/view/3104