Saturday, 18 October 2025

Anticancer Efficacy of Chitosan Nanoparticles from Freshwater Crab Sartoriana spinigera: Insights into Apoptotic and Necrotic Pathways in MCF-7 Cells | Chapter 2 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 8

 

Background: Chitosan is an abundant polymer found in the exoskeleton of crustaceans, insects, molluscs and the cell wall of fungi. It is well known for its wound healing capacity, anti-oxidative efficacy, antimicrobial activity and more. Most chitosan extraction processes have focused on exoskeletons of marine organisms, while studies using freshwater sources remain limited.

 

Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro anticancer efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles extracted from the carapace of freshwater crab Sartoriana spinigera by studying Caspase 3/7 and Annexin V concentration through apoptosis and necrosis percentage of MCF-7 Breast cancer cells.

 

Methodology: The study samples were prepared in the Department of Zoology, Marwari College, Ranchi University, and an in vitro anticancer study was done in Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Activity of caspase 3/7 indicator was studied using Caspase 3/7 green detection reagent after treatment with Chitosan Nanoparticles for 24 hours, and analysing the reading by flow cytometry. Annexin V was estimated by studying apoptosis and necrosis using Annexin V- FITC and Propidium iodide, and after treatment with Chitosan nanoparticles, analysis was done by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was done by Student’s t-test.

 

Results: A Study on enhancing Caspase 3/7 activity of MCF-7 cells has been done by treatment with chitosan nanoparticles. At 262 µg/mL, early apoptosis of 7.78% and late apoptosis of 4.02% in MCF-7 cells took place. ChNP was able to show increased necrosis of MCF-7 cells, which was significantly higher than that of the control group at 5 % significance level. At 131 µg/mL, ChNP showed cell necrosis of 24.5% and at 262 µg/mL, cell necrosis of 27.3% was noted. Analysis of Annexin V revealed that chitosan nanoparticles at a concentration of 131 µg/mL increased the phenomenon of early apoptosis of 0.35% of MCF-7 cells and necrosis of 15.59%.

 

Conclusion: The present study confirms that chitosan nanoparticles extracted from freshwater crab Sartoriana spinigera is a potent anticancer agent against the MCF-7 cell line. This cost-effective treatment with minimal side effects can be considered as an anticancer drug. However, in vivo study and clinical trial need to be done to validate this reliability.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Shiny E.C. Kachhap
Department of Zoology, Marwari College, Ranchi University, Ranchi, India.

 

Nayni Saxena
University Department of Zoology, Ranchi University, Ranchi, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v8/6318

 

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